20 research outputs found
The Effect of Melatonin Against Gastric Oxidative Stress and Dyslipidemia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Effects Of Desmopressin On Memory Disorders Due To Electroconvulsive Therapy (Ect) In Humans
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an efficient treatment for several
neuropsychiatric disorders; however a large number of patients develop
memory impairment after ECT. Different studies both on animals and
human suggest that vasopressin has positive effects on memory and
improves cognitive functions. In this randomized, double-blind
controlled clinical trial, 50 patients with psychiatric disorders who
were candidate for ECT were studied. In the control group (20 patients)
who received normal saline, ECT resulted in impairment in several
aspects of memory such as: immediate memory, short term memory, visual
memory, associate learning and memory quality. The sub-scores for most
of the sub-fractional aspects of memory by WMS tests were decreased
significantly by the 2nd and the 3rd tests (p<0.001 for most of the
measured parameters). In the case group (30 patients), each patient
received 60 μg/day (in 3 doses) desmopressin as intranasal spray;
during the ECT treatment most of the measured parameters were increased
significantly by the 2nd and the 3rd WMS tests. There were significant
differences between the two groups for most memory scores
(p<0.0001). The data demonstrate that desmopressin has protective
and facilitating effects on memory impairment after ECT. Therefore, we
conclude that desmopressin may be effective in the prevention of memory
disorders by facilitating effects on memory and learning processes and
may be used in patients who receive ECT for neuropsychiatric disorders
The effect of L-Arginin on Morris water maze tasks of ovariectomized rats
The role of ovarian hormones, nitric oxide, and their interaction on learning and memory has been widely investigated. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Acute (A) and Chronic (C) L-Arginine (L-Arg) administration on learning and memory in ovariectomized (OVx) rats. Forty-five rats were divided into six groups: 1) sham, 2) OVx, 3) sham-L-Arg-A, 4) OVx-L-Arg-A, 5) sham-L-Arg-C, 6) OVx-L-Arg-C. The animals of sham-L-Arg-A and OVx-L-Arg-A were acutely treated with 500 mg/kg of L-Arg during 5 test days. Sham-L-Arg-C and OVx-L-Arg-C chronically received 500 mg/kg/day of L-Arg during 8 weeks before 5 test days. The animals in sham and OVx groups received 1 ml/kg saline instead of L-Arg. At the end of the experiment, the animals were tested in Morris water maze and the escape latency and traveled path to reach the platform were compared between groups. Results showed that the escape latency and traveled path in OVx group were significantly higher than in sham group (
p
<0.05). The animals in OVx-L-Arg-A group had significantly lower traveled path length and escape latency compared to OVx group (
p
<0.001). Chronic treatment by L-Arg had no significant effect on learning and memory in OVx and sham-operated animals. It seems that L-Arg has a role in Morris water maze tasks disturbances in OVx rats but it needs to be further investigated