Translocality and a Duality Principle in Generally Covariant Quantum Field Theory

It is argued that the formal rules of correspondence between local observation procedures and observables do not exhaust the entire physical content of generally covariant quantum field theory. This result is obtained by expressing the distinguishing features of the local kinematical structure of quantum field theory in the generally covariant context in terms of a translocal structure which carries the totality of the nonlocal kinematical informations in a local region. This gives rise to a duality principle at the dynamical level which emphasizes the significance of the underlying translocal structure for modelling a minimal algebra around a given point. We discuss the emergence of classical properties from this point of view.Comment: 12 pages. To appear in Classical Quantum Gravit

Dual Channel Double Wavelength Method in Optical Fiber Based Gas Sensor for Carbon Dioxide Detection

A novel double wavelength strategy in optical fiberbased sensor for detection of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas is presented. The detection strategy works based on an open-path direct absorption spectroscopy in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength range. The sensor system comprises of a broadband filament emitter acting as the Infrared (IR) light source, Chalcogenide Infrared (CIR) Optical Fibers, two Pyroelectric detectors which been fitted built- in with a limited bandpass CO2 channel and a reference channel. The sensor additionally uses calcium fluoride (CaF2) limit bandpass (NBP) channel for recognition of CO2 gas without cross-sensitivity to different gasses exist in the surrounding environment. The correlation amongst test and computed sensor yields are additionally exhibited

A Compact Optical Fiber Based Gas Sensing System for Carbon Dioxide Monitoring

This paper presents an approach to develop an optical fiber based gas leak sensor that can be used to detect and quantify carbon dioxide gas. The developed sensor system operates based on the principles of Infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy using the dual channel and double wavelength method. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the interference signal from the outside environment by using this method. The design of the Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas sensor system consists of a Broadband light source, two IR detectors with different Narrow Band Pass (NBP) filters for Active and Reference channel, chalcogenide infrared (CIR) fibers and a compact gas detection cell. The output of the sensor system is captured using in-house LabVIEW program with Data Acquisition (DAQ) capabilities and displayed in real time. Experimental results show that the developed optical fiber based gas sensor system is capable to detect and quantify concentrations of carbon dioxide gas for leak detection and also environmental monitoring applications

Pemanfaatan Tepung Biji Nangka dan Tepung Jagung dalam Pembuatan Flakes

Flakes was one of the breakfast cereal products favored by the public, because it practical in presentation and high nutrient content. The content of jackfruit seed flour such as carbohydrates and protein which was high enough, so it could be combined with added corn flour as a source of fat and fiber. The purpose of those research was to obtain the best ratio between the jackfruit seed flour and corn flour towards quality of flakes. This research was conducted experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment performed were BJ0 (jackfruit seed flour 100%), BJ1 (jackfruit seed flour 90% : corn flour 10%), BJ2 (jackfruit seed flour 80% : corn flour 20%), BJ3 (jackfruit seed flour 70% : corn flour 30%), and BJ4 (jackfruit seed flour 60% : corn flour 40%). The results of chemical analysis and sensory then selected the best treatment was the treatment BJ4 (jackfruit seed flour 60% : corn flour 40%) with moisture 4.17%, ash 2.96%, fat 2.12%, protein 9.26%, carbohydrate 81.48%, and crude fiber 3.19%. Overall to result of sensory test preferred by the panelists with descriptions of pale yellow color, flavorful corn, corn taste, crunchy texture without the added of milk, and rather than soft texture with the added of milk

Bionomik Tungau Vektor Scrub Typhus dan Hospesnya di Daerah Transmigrasi Kumpeh, Jambi

A study on bionomics of scrub typhus vector and its host species was conducted in a transmigration scheme of Kumpeh, Jambi, Sumatera. Ten species of trombiculid mites were collected from 6 species of rats and 2 species of squirrels. Leptotrombidium (L.) deliense, a known vectorof scrub typhus vector elsewhere, was found mostly on Rattus tiomanicus. This rat species was widely distributed in forest, disturbed land and cultivated land habitations found in the study area. Chigger infestations on R. tioma­nicus trapped in disturbed land were 63.6% — 81.8%. The average number of chigger collected from disturbed land was highest in December, from forest habitation was in October and from the cultivated land habitation was in November. Rattus tiomanicus was found to be a potential rat species for main­taining the natural cycle of scrub typhus in the study area

Motivasi Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Tokoh Utama Dalam Novel Laskar Pelangi Karya Andrea Hirata

This study aimed to motivation of the main character of the formation contained in the state's novel Negeri Lima Menara by Andrea Hirata. The theory used in this research is divied into to theories of motivation, namely, internal and external motivation. The method used in this study is descriptive, in get a picture of a state that lasts and not only to collect, analyze, and organize data, but must be inferred as an attempt to discover the meaning of the research result that have been achieved so that the expected result of this descriptive method of research on internal motivation and external main character of the formation could be interpreted as meaning a novel. Data analysis as carried out on the main character in the Laskar Pelangi novel by Andrea Hirata. Description motivation were examined in this study indicate how about the internal motivation and external lead character can shape his personal character. This study is expected to provide benefits for the reader to understand the description of the motivation motivation is divided into two, namely, internal and external motivation. This is done to increase the wealth of the inner reader in appreciating literature especially novel

Rancang Bangun Dan Optimasi Panel Surya Berpenjejak Dengan Logika Fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno

Secara global penggunaan sel surya meningkat sebagai akibat peningkatan pemanfaatan sumber energi matahari untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi listrik dunia. Untuk mengoptimalkan penyerapan energi matahari digunakan panel surya berpenjejak (sun-tracking solar system), yang merupakan suatu sistem untuk mengendalikan posisi panel surya agar selalu mengikuti arah dan posisi matahari sehingga sel surya dapat diserap secara maksimal. Pada artikel ini dipaparkan hasil penelitian mengenai implementasi logika fuzzy pada panel surya berpenjejak yang menggunakan motor DC untuk mengatur posisi panel surya. Fuzzifikasi dilakukan menggunakan metode Takagi-Sugeno. Algoritma pengendalian diimplementasikan pada mikrokontroler ATMega 128 menggunakan program BASCOM-AVR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan tegangan keluaran sensor sel surya (V ) sebesar 0,40V dibandingkan dengan panel surya tanpa perhitungan logika fuzzy. Validasi hasil perhitungan logika fuzzy dengan metode Takagi-Sugeno dengan cara membandingkannya dengan metode Tsukamoto menunjukkan perbedaan hasil pengujian tegangan keluaran sensor sel surya yang tidak signifikan (0,001V), namun komputasi Takagi-Sugeno lebih efisien karena memanfaatkan penggabungan perhitungan logika fuzzy dengan dua keluaran sekaligus, dibandingkan dengan metode Tsukamoto yang melakukan perhitungan pada keluaran fuzzy satu per satu. outKata Kunci—Logika Fuzzy, Metode Takagi-Sugeno, LDR (Light Dependent Resistor), Motor DC, Pulsa Rotary Encoder

Premixed Combustion of Coconut Oil in a Hele-shaw Cell

Coconut oil combustion characteristic is observed experimentally by evaporating oil in the boiler then mix it with air before being burned at various equivalence ratios in the Hele-shaw cell. The result shows that, coconut oil tends to break into glycerol and fatty acid due to hydrolysis reaction producing the flame propagation, where the fatty acid flame propagates first then glycerol flame. Micro-explosion occurs when moisture from fatty acid combustion is absorbed by glycerol and higher heating due to higher flame speed produces more micro-explosion

Ibm Industri Genteng Di Desa Nyitdah

Desa Nyitdah terletak di kecamatan Kediri, Tabanan dan juga dekat dengan objek wisata Tanah Lot. Dari Denpasar, dapat ditempuh dalam 45 menit perjalanan. Desa ini dikenal dengan gentengnya. Kecamatan Kediri sejak turun temurun sudah memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi destinasi wisata alternative dan genteng khas Desa Pejaten danDesa Nyitdah juga telah dikenal sampai masyarakat luar Bali. Mitra dalam kegiatan ini adalah Bapak Ketut Darka selaku pemilik UD BS Super dengan Bapak Nyoman Subagia selaku pemilik UD Dwik Super. Kedua mitra berasal dari banjar Suda Kawan, Desa Nyitdah, Kecamatan Kediri, Kabupaten Tabanan.  Berdasarkan diskusi dengan kedua mitra kegiatan yaitu I Ketut Darka dan I Nyoman Subagia, Kedua mitra tidak mengetahui dengan pasti jumlah keuntungan atau kerugian yang mereka peroleh, karena mereka menggunakan manajemen keuangan tradisional yang tidak pernah mencatat jumlah pemasukan maupun pengeluran yang diperoleh. Berdasarkan permasalahan utama mitra maka kegiatan yang dilaksanakan adalah membantu penambahan pendapatan dari mitra, dengan meningkatkan kapasitas produksi melalui penambahan alat cetak genteng. Meningkatkan tingkat kerapian dari produk genteng yang dihasilkan oleh kedua mitra. Membantu dalam hal proses pengeringan genteng dengan memberikan alas untuk mengeringkan genteng. Dapat meningkatkan harga produksi dengan menghasilkan produk genteng yang lebih menarik. Salah satu caranya dengan memberikan pewarnaan pada genteng. Pelatihan Manajemen Keuangan. Pelatihan manajemen keuangan bertujuan agar kedua mitra memiliki pengelolaan financial yang lebih baik. Dengan adanya pelatihan ini diharapkan kedua mitra mengetahui kondisi untung rugi dari USAha mereka. Pelatihan dan bantuan website pemasaran sehingga mitra tidak hanya berfokus pada menunggu pemesanan oleh pelanggan, namun juga secara proaktif melakukan pemasaran melalui website