The Association of Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity with Coronary Artery Disease Evaluated by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography

<div><p>The aim of this study was to investigate whether brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is associated with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and to evaluate baPWV as a predictor of obstructive CAD on CCTA. A total of 470 patients who underwent both baPWV and CCTA were included. We evaluated stenosis degree and plaque characteristics on CCTA. To estimate the severity of CAD, we calculated the number of segment with plaque (segment involvement score; SIS), stenosis degree-weighted plaque score (segment stenosis score; SSS), and coronary artery calcium score (CACS). The mean baPWV was 1,485 ± 315 cm/s (range, 935-3,175 cm/s). Non-obstructive (stenosis < 50%) and obstructive (stenosis ≥ 50%) CAD was found in 129 patients (27.4%) and 144 (30.6%), respectively. baPWV in patients with obstructive CAD was higher than that of patients with non-obstructive (1,680 ± 396 cm/s versus 1,477 ± 244 cm/s, <i>P</i> < 0.001) or no CAD (1,680 ± 396 cm/s versus ± 196 1,389 cm/s, <i>P</i> < 0.001). baPWV showed significant correlation with SSS (<i>r</i> = 0.429, <i>P</i> < 0.001), SIS (<i>r</i> = 0.395, <i>P</i> < 0.001), CACS (<i>r</i> 0.346, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and the number of segment with non-calcified plaque (<i>r</i> 0.092, <i>P</i> = 0.047), mixed plaque (<i>r</i> = 0.267, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and calcified plaque (<i>r</i> = 0.348, <i>P</i> < 0.001), respectively. The optimal baPWV cut-off value for the detection of obstructive CAD was 1,547 cm/s. baPWV ≥ 1,547 cm/s was independent predictor for the obstructive CAD. In conclusion, baPWV is well correlated with the severity of CAD evaluated by CCTA. baPWV has the potential to predict severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis.</p></div

Independent predictor of obstructive coronary artery disease on coronary CT angiography.

<p>baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.</p><p>Independent predictor of obstructive coronary artery disease on coronary CT angiography.</p

ROC curve analysis identifying best cut-off value of baPWV predicting obstructive CAD.

<p>ROC, receiver-operating characteristic; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; CAD, coronary artery disease; AUC, area under curve; CI, confidence interval.</p

The associations between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and severity of coronary artery disease.

<p>Graphs show the associations of baPWV with segment stenosis score (A), segment involvement score (B), and coronary artery calcium score (C).</p

The associations between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and plaque characteristics of coronary artery disease.

<p>Graphs show the associations of baPWV and the number of coronary segment with noncalcified plaque (A), mixed plaque (B), and calcified plaque (C). NCP, non-calcified plaque; MP, mixed plaque; CP, calcified plaque.</p

Baseline characteristics of study patients.

<p>LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.</p><p>Baseline characteristics of study patients.</p

Additional file 1 of Association between the number of pregnancies and cardiac target organ damages: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Korean women’s chest pain registry (KoROSE)

Supplementary Table S1. Clinical characteristics according to pregnancy number. Supplementary Table S2. Parameters of target organ damage according to pregnancy number. Supplementary Table S3. Adjusted risk of nulliparity for obstructive CAD, increased LV mass index and LV diastolic dysfunction. Supplementary Table S4. Clinical characteristics according to pregnancy number before and after propensity score matching. Supplementary Table S5. The risk of higher number of pregnancy (≥3) for obstructive CAD, increased LV mass index and LV diastolic dysfunction in propensity score matched set

Flow chart of the study population.

<p>Abbreviations: HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; CAD, coronary artery disease.</p

Clerodendron fragrans Vent.

原著和名: ヤへザキクサギ科名: クマツヅラ科 = Verbenaceae採集地: 台湾 大屯山 (台湾省 大屯山)採集日: 1968/8/29採集者: 萩庭丈壽整理番号: JH048964国立科学博物館整理番号: TNS-VS-99896

Pre-Transplant Cardiovascular Risk Factors Affect Kidney Allograft Survival: A Multi-Center Study in Korea

<div><p>Background</p><p>Pre-transplant cardiovascular (CV) risk factors affect the development of CV events even after successful kidney transplantation (KT). However, the impact of pre-transplant CV risk factors on allograft failure (GF) has not been reported.</p><p>Methods and Findings</p><p>We analyzed the graft outcomes of 2,902 KT recipients who were enrolled in a multi-center cohort from 1997 to 2012. We calculated the pre-transplant CV risk scores based on the Framingham risk model using age, gender, total cholesterol level, smoking status, and history of hypertension. Vascular disease (a composite of ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease) was noted in 6.5% of the patients. During the median follow-up of 6.4 years, 286 (9.9%) patients had developed GF. In the multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model, pre-transplant vascular disease was associated with an increased risk of GF (HR 2.51; 95% CI 1.66–3.80). The HR for GF (comparing the highest with the lowest tertile regarding the pre-transplant CV risk scores) was 1.65 (95% CI 1.22–2.23). In the competing risk model, both pre-transplant vascular disease and CV risk score were independent risk factors for GF. Moreover, the addition of the CV risk score, the pre-transplant vascular disease, or both had a better predictability for GF compared to the traditional GF risk factors.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>In conclusion, both vascular disease and pre-transplant CV risk score were independently associated with GF in this multi-center study. Pre-transplant CV risk assessments could be useful in predicting GF in KT recipients.</p></div