Uticaj različitih koncentracija olova, željeza i bakra na mitotičku aktivnost i hromozomsko ponašanje meristema Allium Cepa

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of MnSO4, Pb (NO3)2, CdCl2, CuSO4 and FeSO4 on cell division Allium cepa roots, and to determine whether they have applied chemicals cytotoxic effect and encourage chromosome abnormalities. All tested solutions of metal, in all concentrations, have a significant negative effect on the growth of roots, mitotic activity and the occurrence of chromosomal aberrations, compared to a negative control group of cells. Increasing concentrations of metals, reduces the growth of roots, reduces the mitotic index of meristematic cells, and increases the number of chromosomal aberrations.Cilj istraživanja je ispitivanje učinka različitih koncentracija Pb(NO3)2, FeSO4 i CuSO4, radi utvrđivanja one koncentracije koja dovodi do inhibicije ćelijske diobe, i abnormalnosti u ponašanju hromosoma, odnosno koja je toksična za biljni organizam. Svi testirani rastvori metala imaju negativan učinak na rast korjenčića Allium cepa, mitotsku aktivnost i pojavljivanje hromozomskih aberacija, u odnosu na kontrolni rastvor. Povećanje koncentracije metala obrnuto je proporcionalno mitotskom indeksu meristemskih ćelija, a proporcionalno broju hromozomskih aberacija

eHealth for maintenance cardiovascular rehabilitation : a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aims: To provide a quantitative analysis of eHealth-supported interventions on health outcomes in cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) maintenance (phase III) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and to identify effective behavioural change techniques (BCTs). Methods and results: A systematic review was conducted (PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) to summarize and synthesize the effects of eHealth in phase III maintenance on health outcomes including physical activity (PA) and exercise capacity, quality of life (QoL), mental health, self-efficacy, clinical variables, and events/rehospitalization. A meta-analysis following the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines using Review Manager (RevMan5.4) was performed. Analyses were conducted differentiating between short-term (≤6 months) and medium/long-term effects (>6 months). Effective behavioural change techniques were defined based on the described intervention and coded according to the BCT handbook. Fourteen eligible studies (1497 patients) were included. eHealth significantly promoted PA (SMD = 0.35; 95%CI 0.02–0.70; P = 0.04) and exercise capacity after 6 months (SMD = 0.29; 95%CI 0.05–0.52; P = 0.02) compared with usual care. Quality of life was higher with eHealth compared with care as usual (SMD = 0.17; 95%CI 0.02–0.32; P = 0.02). Systolic blood pressure decreased after 6 months with eHealth compared with care as usual (SMD = −0.20; 95%CI −0.40–0.00; P = 0.046). There was substantial heterogeneity in the adapted BCTs and type of intervention. Mapping of BCTs revealed that self-monitoring of behaviour and/or goal setting as well as feedback on behaviour were most frequently included. Conclusion: eHealth in phase III CR is effective in stimulating PA and improving exercise capacity in patients with CAD while increasing QoL and decreasing systolic blood pressure. Currently, data of eHealth effects on morbidity, mortality, and clinical outcomes are scarce and should be investigated in future studies

Molekularna identifikacija netuberkuloznih mikobakterija primjenom genotype Mycobacterium CM/AS testa

The study aims to determine the frequency and diversity of clinical isolates of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Of the 306 samples, the presence of NTM was confirmed in 65 (21.20%). The most frequently isolated species were M. fortuitum (30.3%), M. gordonae (24.2%), M. chelonae (15.2%), M. xenopi (7.6%), M. kansasii (4.5%), M. avium ssp. (3%), M. celatum (3%), M. mucogenicum (1.5%), M. peregrinum (1.5%), M. goodii (1.5%) and Mycobacterium sp. (7.6%). The determination of the local spectrum NTM is important because of the significant geographical variation. Although molecular testing is relatively expensive, they provide a rapid and accurate identification of different types of NTM.Istraživanje ima za cilj utvrditi učestalost i raznolikost kliničkih izolata netuberkuloznih mikobakterija (NTM). Od 306 uzoraka primjenom molekularnog testa prisustvo NTM je potvrđeno kod 65 (21,20%). Najčešće izolovane vrste su M. fortuitum (30,3%), M. gordonae (24,2%), M. chelonae (15,2%), M. xenopi (7,6%), M. kansasii (4,5%), M. avium ssp. (3%), M. celatum (3%), M. mucogenicum (1,5%), M. peregrinum (1,5%), M. goodii (1,5%) i Mycobacterium sp. (7,6%). Utvrđivanje lokalnog spektra NTM važno je zbog značajnih geografskih varijacija izolovanih vrsta. Iako su molekularna ispitivanja relativno skupa, ona imaju prednost što osiguravaju brzu i tačnu identifikaciju različitih vrsta NTM

Instrumental, Affective, and Patient-Centered Communication Between Cardiologists and Patients with Low Socioeconomic Status:An Observational Study

One of the essential elements in managing health is having adequate communication with health care providers. Unfortunately, patients with a low socioeconomic status (SES) often experience less adequate communication with their doctor. In the current study, we explore and compare the communication of both doctors and patients from lower and higher sociodemographic backgrounds on three factors: instrumental, affective, and patient-centered communication. In total, 45 cardiology consultations were observed, transcribed, and coded (16 low-SES, 16 middle-SES, 13 high-SES). Our analyses showed that, compared to higher-SES patients, low-SES patients voiced less of their concerns, answered questions of the doctor more often with one word, and expressed less utterances overall. Naturally, we found that doctors expressed more utterances overall toward low-SES patients. For doctors, no differences regarding instrumental, affective, or patient-centered communication were found. These findings suggest that low-SES patients are more passive communicators and communication differences based on SES exist predominantly for patients’ communication. The revealed communication differences may lead to a less adequate interaction and potentially worse patient outcomes, further increasing the socioeconomic health gap. Hence, doctors should become even more aware of socioeconomic patient communication differences so that they can appropriately encourage low-SES patients to become more active communicators.</p

Towards eHealth to support the health journey of headache patients:A scoping review

Objective The aim of this study is to (1) review the digital health tools that have been used in headache studies, and (2) discuss the effectivity and reliability of these tools. Background Many headache patients travel a long and troublesome journey from first symptoms until a meaningful care plan. eHealth, mHealth, and digital therapeutic modalities have been advocated as the way forward to improve patient care. Method Online databases PubMed, Cinahl, and PsycINFO were searched using a predefined search query. A data extraction form was used to gather relevant data elements from the selected papers. Results A total of 39 studies were selected. The studies included 94,127 participants. The majority of studies focused on diaries (N = 27 out of 39). Digital (cognitive) behavioral therapy were also quite common (N = 7 out of 39). Other digital health tool categories were tele-consultations, telemonitoring and patient portals. Conclusion Many digital health tools for headache patients regarding diaries and behavioral/therapeutical treatment are described in scientific research with limited information on effectivity and reliability. Scientific knowledge with regard to other categories such as tele-consultations, patient portals, telemonitoring including medication adherence, online information resources, wearable, symptom checkers, digital peer support is still scarce or missing

Depressive symptoms in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: Does treatment expectations play a role?

Objective:  Patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and co-morbid depression are at greater risk of poor quality of life and premature death. We examined if treatment expectations predict depressive symptoms 12months post implant. Methods:  First-time implant patients from the WEBCARE study (n=177; 83.1% men) completed the EXPECTations towards ICD therapy questionnaire and the Type D Scale at baseline, and the Patient Health Questionnaire at baseline and 12months. Results:  Using hierarchical linear regression with 3 models, we identified the following independent predictors of 12-months depressive symptoms: Model 1: Negative treatment expectations (β=0.202; p=0.020) and baseline depression (β=0.376; p<0.0001). Model 2: Baseline depression (β=0.350; p<0.0001) and Type D personality (β=0.162; p=0.042); negative treatment expectations was borderline significant (β=0.169; p=0.051). Model 3: Baseline depression (β=0.353; p<0.0001) and negative treatment expectations (β=0.180; p=0.043); Type D personality was not significant (β=0.150; p=0.067), adjusting for positive treatment expectations, heart failure, sex, and shocks during follow-up. The models accounted for 22.2%, 24.1%, and 23.3% of the variance in 12-months depressive symptoms, respectively. Conclusion:  Further research is warranted to explore the role of treatment expectations at the time of implant and its overlap with personality as a determinant of depression in patients with an ICD