Intensity of <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> oocyst infection per midgut in different biological forms of <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>.

<p>All batches of mosquitoes were artificially fed on BALB/c blood with equalized parasitaemas. Each dot represents the number of oocysts in an individual midgut, and the graph shows pooled data from four experiments. The horizontal bars indicate median infection intensity. Asterisks denote significant differences at <i>p</i><0.05 between the different mosquito forms (Mann-Whitney non-parametric t-test). The pooled data exhibit significantly different variances. Additional analyses were performed (by Kruskal-Wallis 1-way ANOVA with Dunn's multiple comparisons post test) on log-transformed oocyst counts from infected midguts (ignoring uninfected midguts), and did not find significant differences between the mosquito types.</p

Prevalence of <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> oocysts in different biological forms of <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>.

<p>All batches of mosquitoes were artificially fed on BALB/c blood with equalized parasitaemas. The percentage of fed mosquitoes exhibiting oocyst formation in their midguts was then determined. Each bar represents the geometric mean of four experiments, +/− 95% confidence intervals (<i>n</i> = 4; each experiment included 17–24 fed mosquitoes per test group). There were no significant differences in oocyst prevalence between the forms of mosquito.</p

Effects of anti-mosquito midgut antiserum on the prevalence of <i>P. berghei</i> oocysts and sporozoites in two populations of <i>A. stephensi</i>.

<p>Antiserum was raised against midgut antigens from the Beech type form <i>of A. stephensi</i> and then a mixture of antiserum and <i>P. berghei</i> were fed to both the Beech type form and to intermediate form mosquitoes. The bars represent the percentage of fed mosquitoes exhibiting (a) oocysts in their midguts, and (b) sporozoites in their salivary glands. The mean of three replicate experiments is presented, +/− SEM. Asterisks denote significance at <i>p</i><0.05 (calculated by the Mann-Whitney non-parametric t-test).</p

Prevalence of <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> sporozoites in different biological forms of <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>.

<p>All batches of mosquitoes were artificially fed on BALB/c blood with equalized parasitaemas. The percentage of fed mosquitoes with sporozoites formation in their salivary glands was then determined. Each bar represents the geometric mean of four experiments, +/−95% confidence intervals (<i>n</i> = 4; each experiment included 17–24 fed mosquitoes per test group). Asterisk denotes significance (P = 0.0286, non-parametric Mann-Whitney t-test).</p