Acute Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Biphenotypic Leukemia Presenting with Bilateral Orbital Chloroma: A Rare Case Report

Introduction: Chloromas are characteristically formed by the extramedullary soft tissue infiltration by the immature myeloid malignant cells. Such extramedullary masses are most commonly seen in acute myeloid leukemia usually in the M2, M4, M5 subtypes of the AML FAB classification. However, it has been reported to rarely present only in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Presentation of the case: We encountered an unusual case of a young male, who presented with proptosis of both eyes followed by fever and fatigue. On evaluation, he was diagnosed to have bilateral orbital chloroma which was due to infiltration by leukemic cells of acute leukemia. Flowcytometry revealed features confirming an acute biphenotypic leukemia. Subsequently, cytogenetic evaluation revealed the leukemic cells to be Philadelphia chromosome positive.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first case of bilateral orbital choloroma due to Philadelphia positive biphenotypic acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Fractographic Analysis of Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) Composite Laminates Failed under Compression Loads

This paper describes fractographic features observed in unidirectional CFRP laminates failed under compression loads. The morphology of fracture surfaces was studied using scanning electron microscope. Typical fracture modes are presented. It has been demonstrated that macroscopy coupled with fractography yield useful data from which correlation of macro/microscopic details with loading conditions could be established. Detailed study was conducted to map the crack propagation direction

Cytogenetics abnormalities in acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage: First report of complex variant philadelphia translocations

Background: Acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage (ALAL) are incompletely characterized and are very rare, accounts< 4% of acute leukemias . In most leukaemias the cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes have emerged to be diagnostic as well as prognostic importance. Due to Lack of diagnostic criterias, it is difficult to establish cytogenetic features in ALAL. In present study we reviewed chromosomal aberrations, their molecular background, their prognostic relevance of ALAL & summarized some new chromosome aberrations along with probable mechanism of complex variant translocation. Design and Methods: Present study from Kidwai state cancer institute concentrated on cytogenetic findings of ALAL, especially B+Myeloid MPAL cases, more so regarding complex variant phildelphia chromosome translocations summarised diagnostic criteria based on WHO 2008 classification, clinical, immunophenotyping and molecular features, along with treatment & follow up. Results: Among 32 cases of ALAL cases, 28 MPAL cases reported in the present study 13 cases were B/Myeloid, followed by B+T MPAL, T+Myeloid .4 cases of undifferentiated and unclassifiable leukemias were reported. B/myeloid MPAL were in majority, 13 cases. Cytogenetics abnormality was detected in 4 cases of B/myeloid MPAL. 3 cases were Ph +, another case was hyperdiploid, surprisingly out of 3 Ph+ cases, 2 cases (66.6%) showed complex variant Phildelphia chromosome. Conclusion: B+MYELOID MPAL revealed significant cytogenetic abnormalities. Although Ph+ is reported in MPAL, complex variant Ph with 4 or 3 way translocations are not reported in ALAL especially in B/Myeloid MPAL .Immunophenotyping & cytogenetics in ALAL should be mandatory. Multiple levels of genetic heterogeneity exist in these leukemias with variant Ph translocations. Prognosis improves when treated with Imatinib

Fractographic Analysis of Tensile Failures of Aerospace Grade Composites

This paper describes fractographic features observed in aerospace composites failed under tensile loads. Unidirectional Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic (UD CFRP) and Unidirectional Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic (UD GFRP) composite specimens were fabricated and tested in tension. The morphology of fractured surfaces was studied at various locations to identify failure mechanism and characteristic fractographic features. CFRP composites displayed transverse crack propagation and the fracture surface showed three distinct regions, viz., crack origin, propagation and final failure. Significant variations in the fractographic features were noticed in crack propagation and final failure regions. Crack propagation region exhibited brittle fracture with chevron lines emanating from the crack origin. The entire crack propagation region exhibited radial marks on the individual fibre broken ends. On the other hand, the final fracture region revealed longitudinal matrix splitting and radial marks in majority of locations, and chop marks at some locations. The change in fracture mode in the final fracture was attributed to superimposition of bending loads. GFRP composites exhibited broom like fracture with extensive longitudinal splitting with radial marks present on individual fibre broken ends. Transverse fracture was observed at a few locations. These fracture features were analyzed and correlated with the loading conditions

Fractographic analysis of compression failures in unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites

Resin infusion process with/without the application of external pressure was employed for fabrication of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites. The prepared samples were tested under compression loads. Three kinds of fracture modes, viz., in-plane shear, complex fracture and through-thickness shear fractures were noticed. It was observed that samples fabricated with application of pressure exhibited in-plane and complex fracture modes whereas other samples displayed through-thickness fracture. Detailed fractographic analysis suggested that in-plane and throughthickness shear fractures resulted due to microbuckling of individual fibers; on the other hand, complex failure is governed by longitudinal splitting followed by microbuckling. Microbuckling directions for both in-plane and throughthickness shear fractures were established. These and other microstructral characterization results were analyzed and an effort was made to identify the reasons for variations in fracture modes and resulting compression properties

Not Available

Not AvailableCoronavirus disease, COVID-19 is the deadliest pandemic, which has affected most of the countries worldwide. Disease outbreak analysis has become a priority for the Government to take healthcare measures in reducing the impact of this pandemic. In this study, we attempt to analyse the disease outbreak data collected from 4th March 2020 to 26th May 2020 in India. Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Periodic Regression models were employed to predict the epidemiological trend of the incidence and probable number of new cases for the next ninety days for COVID-19 in India. The total number of probable daily new cases would be increased in the future as predicted by both ARIMA and Periodic regression models. Both ARIMA and Periodic regression models are best fitted to the observed data on daily incidence of COVID-19 in India. Incidence of COVID-19 expected to increase in next ninety days allowing to employ the stringent infection control measures such as public awareness and social distancing for effective mitigation and spread of disease in India.Not Availabl

Characterization of Major Zinc Containing Myonecrotic and Procoagulant Metalloprotease `Malabarin' from Non Lethal Trimeresurus malabaricus Snake Venom with Thrombin Like Activity: Its Neutralization by Chelating Agents

A major myonecrotic zinc containing metalloprotease `malabarin' with thrombin like activity was purified by the combination of gel permeation and anion exchange chromatography from T. malabaricus snake venom. MALDI-TOF analysis of malabarin indicated a molecular mass of 45.76 kDa and its N-terminal sequence was found to be Ile-Ile-Leu-Pro(Leu)-Ile-Gly-Val-Ile-Leu(Glu)-Thr-Thr. Atomic absorption spectral analysis of malabarin raveled the association of zinc metal ion. Malabarin is not lethal when injected i.p. or i.m. but causes extensive hemorrhage and degradation of muscle tissue within 24 hours. Sections of muscle tissue under light microscope revealed hemorrhage and congestion of blood vessel during initial stage followed by extensive muscle fiber necrosis with elevated levels of serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Malabarin also exhibited strong procoagulant action and its procoagulant action is due to thrombin like activity; it hydrolyzes fibrinogen to form fibrin clot. The enzyme preferentially hydrolyzes A alpha followed by B beta subunits of fibrinogen from the N-terminal region and the released products were identified as fibrinopeptide A and fibrinopeptide B by MALDI. The myonecrotic, fibrinogenolytic and subsequent procoagulant activities of malabarin was neutralized by specific metalloprotease inhibitors such as EDTA, EGTA and 1, 10-phenanthroline but not by PMSF a specific serine protease inhibitor. Since there is no antivenom available to neutralize local toxicity caused by T. malabaricus snakebite, EDTA chelation therapy may have more clinical relevance over conventional treatment

RRI-GBT MULTI-BAND RECEIVER: MOTIVATION, DESIGN, AND DEVELOPMENT

We report the design and development of a self-contained multi-band receiver (MBR) system, intended for use with a single large aperture to facilitate sensitive and high time-resolution observations simultaneously in 10 discrete frequency bands sampling a wide spectral span (100-1500 MHz) in a nearly log-periodic fashion. The development of this system was primarily motivated by need for tomographic studies of pulsar polar emission regions. Although the system design is optimized for the primary goal, it is also suited for several other interesting astronomical investigations. The system consists of a dual-polarization multi-band feed (with discrete responses corresponding to the 10 bands pre-selected as relatively radio frequency interference free), a common wide-band radio frequency front-end, and independent back-end receiver chains for the 10 individual sub-bands. The raw voltage time sequences corresponding to 16 MHz bandwidth each for the two linear polarization channels and the 10 bands are recorded at the Nyquist rate simultaneously. We present the preliminary results from the tests and pulsar observations carried out with the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope using this receiver. The system performance implied by these results and possible improvements are also briefly discussed