37,662 research outputs found
A Historical Survey of Water Utilization in the Cook Inlet - Susitna Basin, Alaska
Completion Report
OWRT Agreement No. 14-34-0001-6002
Project No. A-056-ALASThe objectives of the study encompassed a scholarly investigation
of the appropriate archival and published literature on the Cook-Inlet-Susitna
Basin, and the publication of the articles and a book-length
history of the utilization of water resources.
There are many aspects of Alaskan history to which historians have
not given serious attention. Certainly there has been no historical
consideration of the importance of water resources in Alaska. Issues
that have involved water use have either been treated journalistically
or have been the subject of scientific monographs. The understanding of
the public can sometimes be confused by the journalistic treatment of
events while scientific reports are seldom read. There is a definite
need for a well-researched, lively survey of an important spect of
Alaska's history.
Many years passed before systematic scientific work was carried out
in the Cook Inlet-Susitna region but the uses of its water resources for
sanitation, transport, food, and power were intensified as time passed.
The region has had significance for well over 200 years to the western
peoples who settled there and, of course, for much longer to its aboriginal
inhabitants. There has never been a substantial history written
of the region, although some aspects of its past have been surveyed in a
few pub1ished works, and there has never been a historical survey of
water utilization for any region of Alaska.
Increasingly, the development of the region will involve political
decision. The public scrutiny of the environmental impact of new dam
and other construction is not likely to decline. Further petroleum
leasing in the outer continental shelf areas will raise questions of the
best uses which can be made of the water and other resources. The
wisdom of these decisions depends upon our knowledge of all of the
factors involved. An understanding of what has happened in the past as
people have made use of the water resources could contribute to the
effectiveness of judgments made in the future.The work upon which this completion report is based was supported
by funds provided by the U. S. Department of the Interior, Office of
Water Research and Technology as authorized under the Water Resources
Research Act of 1964, Public Law 88-379, as amended
The human right to medicines
This article considers the component of the right to the highest standard of health that relates to medicines, including essential medicines. Using the right-to-health analytical framework that has been developed in recent years, the first section focuses on the responsibilities of States. The second section provides a brief introduction to the responsibilities of pharmaceutical companies
Are drug companies living up to their human rights responsibilities? The perspective of the former United Nations Special Rapporteur (2002-2008).
BACKGROUND TO THE DEBATE: The human rights responsibilities of drug companies have been considered for years by nongovernmental organizations, but were most sharply defined in a report by the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health, submitted to the United Nations General Assembly in August 2008. The "Human Rights Guidelines for Pharmaceutical Companies in relation to Access to Medicines" include responsibilities for transparency, management, monitoring and accountability, pricing, and ethical marketing, and against lobbying for more protection in intellectual property laws, applying for patents for trivial modifications of existing medicines, inappropriate drug promotion, and excessive pricing. Two years after the release of the Guidelines, the PLoS Medicine Debate asks whether drug companies are living up to their human rights responsibilities. Sofia Gruskin and Zyde Raad from the Harvard School of Public Health say more assessment is needed of such responsibilities; Geralyn Ritter, Vice President of Global Public Policy and Corporate Responsibility at Merck & Co. argues that multiple stakeholders could do more to help States deliver the right to health; and Paul Hunt and Rajat Khosla introduce Mr. Hunt's work as the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to the highest attainable standard of health, regarding the human rights responsibilities of pharmaceutical companies and access to medicines
Aerodynamic heating in large cavities in an array of RSI tiles
A large panel of reusable surface insulation (RSI) tiles including lost tile cavities was aerothermally tested in the Langley 8 foot high temperature structures tunnel to determine both the heat load within the cavities and the structural performance of the RSI surrounding the cavities. Tests were conducted with a turbulent boundary layer at a nominal free stream Mach number of 6.6, a total temperature of 1800 K, a Reynolds number per meter of 5 million, and a dynamic pressure of 62 kPa. The maximum aerodynamic heating to the floor of the cavity was two to three times the normal surface heating. The cavity heating rates agreed with data from other facilities and were successfully correlated with an empirical equation. A zippering failure occurred to a tile downstream of a double tile cavity when the separated flow attached to the floor of the cavity and forced the tile from its position
A general model for motivational analyses of exchange relationships
Model for motivational analysis of exchange relationships between consumer and supplie
Aerodynamic force and moment characteristics of spheres and cones at mach 7.0 in methane-air combustion products
Aerodynamic force and moment characteristics of spheres and cones at hypersonic speeds in methane-air combustion product
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