Vertical Distribution of Radiocesium in Pasture Soils after Pasture Renovation

Poster Presentatio

Mortalidade e comportamento de Neopamera bilobata (Hemiptera: Rhyparochromidae) submetido ao inseticida à base de Sophora flavescens

Buscando a produção de alimento seguro e novas alternativas ao controle químico de pragas, objetivou-se avaliar a mortalidade de adultos do percevejo-dos-frutos do morangueiro, Neopamera bilobata (Hemiptera: Rhyparochromidae) submetidos a diferentes produtos, sendo a maioria de baixa toxidez e baixo impacto ao ambiente. Os insetos foram coletados em áreas cultivadas da Fazenda Escola da Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Foi estabelecida uma criação estoque no Laboratório de Entomologia (T 25 ± 1ºC, com fotofase de 12 horas) e mantidos com sementes de girassol e água destilada, para realização dos bioensaios e experimento em casa de vegetação. Preliminarmente, os insetos foram submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos: água; produto formulado com óleo essencial de casca de laranja 1 mL L-1; produto à base de Sophora flavescens 3 mL L-1; produto formulado com óleo essencial de casca de laranja 1 mL L-1 + S. flavescens 3 mL L-1; S. flavescens 3 mL L-1 + detergente neutro 1mL L-1; adjuvante siliconado 1 mL L-1; éster de sacarose 1 mL L-1 e tiametoxan 0,1g L-1 como controle positivo. Em função da eficiência de S. flavescens com mortalidades superiores a 90%, os adultos foram submetidos a diferentes concentrações (1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 mL L-1). Quanto maior a dose de S flavescens menor foi a proporção de sobrevivência. Determinada a dose de 4 mL L-1 realizou-se outra etapa em Casa de Vegetação, dispondo-se 18 vasos, com capacidade de 4 litros de substrato, com plantas da Cultivar Albion, envoltas por gaiola de voil. Em cada vaso foram adicionados 10 adultos do percevejo, sendo que 9 vasos receberam a pulverização com o produto à base de S. flavescens e outros 9 somente água destilada. Observou-se que S. flavescens reduziu a proporção de sobrevivência de N. bilobata em laboratório e em casa de vegetação. Conclui-se que o produto à base de S. flavescens tem potencial para o controle do percevejo N. bilobata nas doses testadas, merecendo estudos complementares.

Design of Glycopolymers Carrying Sialyl Oligosaccharides for Controlling the Interaction with the Influenza Virus

We designed glycopolymers carrying sialyl oligosaccharides by “post-click” chemistry and evaluated the interaction with the influenza virus. The glycopolymer structures were synthesized in a well-controlled manner by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and the Huisgen reaction. Acrylamide-type monomers were copolymerized to give hydrophilicity to the polymer backbones, and the hydrophilicity enabled the successful introduction of the oligosaccharides into the polymer backbones. The glycopolymers with different sugar densities and polymer lengths were designed for the interaction with hemagglutinin on the virus surface. The synthesized glycopolymers showed the specific molecular recognition against different types of influenza viruses depending on the sugar units (6′- or 3′-sialyllactose). The sugar density and the polymer length of the glycopolymers affected the interaction with the influenza virus. Inhibitory activity of the glycopolymer against virus infection was demonstrated

Effect of pigeon pea intercropping or shading with leucaena plants on the occurrence of the coffee leaf miner and on its predation by wasps in organic coffee plantings

<div><p>ABSTRACT: The infestation of coffee leaf miner and its predation by wasps were assessed in commercial organic coffee plantings shaded with leucaena or intercropped with pigeon pea. Plantings in northern Paraná were assessed every two weeks from June 2011 to December 2012. The percent of infested leaves, number of mines per leaf and the percent of predation by wasps (indicated by lacerations) were determined. Fewer coffee leaf miners and fewer mines per leaf were found in pigeon pea intercropped plantings (28.4% and 0.3, respectively) than in shaded plantings with leucaena (48.1% and 0.8, respectively). More predation by wasps was found in the shaded (27.2%) than in the intercropped (13.2%) plantings. Suggestions for new studies are presented along with suggestions for managing the leaf miner in coffee plantings.</p></div

Endocytosis-like vesicle fission by membrane-expanding molecular machine enabling virus encapsulation for in vivo delivery

Since the cellular process of endocytosis enables uptake of biomacromolecules interacting with the cell surface by outside-in vesicle fission, endocytosis-like membrane deformation is an ideal methodology for the incorporation of micrometer-size biomacromolecules into vesicles. However, such endocytosis-like vesicle fission, which requires expansion of the liposomal membrane, has never been realized using artificial liposomal systems. Here, we developed a membrane-expanding molecular machine containing a diazocine core (AzoMEx), which exhibits an opening/closing mechanical motion in response to visible light. Upon blue light irradiation, AzoMEx embedded in a 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine bilayer expanded the liposomal membrane, assembled, and eventually induced outside-in endocytosis-like fission. When this vesicle fission was induced in the presence of micrometer-size M13 phage, it was efficiently incorporated into the vesicle by interacting with AzoMEx. The encapsulated M13 phage was transiently protected from the external environment, retaining its biological activity, and thus could be distributed throughout the body after blood administration

Topological Design of Star Glycopolymers for Controlling the Interaction with the Influenza Virus

The precise design of synthetic polymer ligands using controlled polymerization techniques provides an advantage for the field of nanoscience. We report the topological design of glyco-ligands based on synthetic polymers for targeting hemagglutinin (HA, lectin on the influenza virus). To achieve precise arrangement of the glycounits toward the sugar-binding pockets of HA, triarm star glycopolymers were synthesized. The interaction of the star glycopolymers with HA was found to depend on the length of the polymer arms and was maximized when the hydrodynamic diameter of the star glycopolymer was comparable to the distance between the sugar-binding pockets of HA. Following the formula of multivalent interaction, the number of binding sites in the interaction of the glycopolymers with HA was estimated as 1.8–2.7. Considering one HA molecule has three sugar-binding pockets, these values were reasonable. The binding mode of synthetic glycopolymer–ligands toward lectins could be tuned using controlled radical polymerization techniques