924 research outputs found
Vacancy Ordering in Vanadium Carbides Based on V_6C_5
The ordered arrangement of carbon vacancies in vanadium carbides near V_6C_5 has been analysed by means of selected-area electron diffraction and high-voltage electron microscopy. A new type of ordered distribution of carbon vacancies is found at non-stoichiometric compositions between V_6C_5 and V_8C_7. This structure can be expressed as a long-period structure consisting of the enantiomorphic domains based on the structure V_6C_5 which was determined by Billingham, Bell and Lewis (1972). The periodic domain boundaries with spacing eleven times the nearest-neighbour interatomic distance are directly observed by electron microscopy
(3) STRUCTURE OF A 2/1 APPROXIMANT IN THE Al-Pd-Mn-Si SYSTEM (One-day Symposium on Quasicrystals)(Miscellany)
Determination of Technetium by Laser Induced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Coupled with a Wave-Length Shifter Method
Constitution of the Indium-Rich Portion of the Indium-Magnesium System
The equilibrium phase diagram of the indium-magnesium system in the range up to 40 at.% Mg has been established by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. The solid-solubility of magnesium in indium does not exceed about 5 at.%. An intermediate solid solution, γ, with a face-centered cubic structure exists over a wide range of composition. An ordered phase, γ\u27, with superstructure of Cu_3Au-type, is formed near 28 at.% Mg at temperatures below 114℃. The axial ratio c/a of the primary solid solution of indium in magnesium changes as a function of electron/atom ratio as in the parallel case of the indium-cadmium system. Reasons are advanced to explain the conflict between the present results and those of earlier investigators
High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy
Kilometer-scale neutrino detectors such as IceCube are discovery instruments
covering nuclear and particle physics, cosmology and astronomy. Examples of
their multidisciplinary missions include the search for the particle nature of
dark matter and for additional small dimensions of space. In the end, their
conceptual design is very much anchored to the observational fact that Nature
accelerates protons and photons to energies in excess of and
eV, respectively. The cosmic ray connection sets the scale of cosmic
neutrino fluxes. In this context, we discuss the first results of the completed
AMANDA detector and the reach of its extension, IceCube. Similar experiments
are under construction in the Mediterranean. Neutrino astronomy is also
expanding in new directions with efforts to detect air showers, acoustic and
radio signals initiated by super-EeV neutrinos.Comment: 9 pages, Latex2e, uses ws-procs975x65standard.sty (included), 4
postscript figures. To appear in Proceedings of Thinking, Observing, and
Mining the Universe, Sorrento, Italy, September 200
Discriminating the Progenitor Type of Supernova Remnants with Iron K-Shell Emission
Supernova remnants (SNRs) retain crucial information about both their parent
explosion and circumstellar material left behind by their progenitor. However,
the complexity of the interaction between supernova ejecta and ambient medium
often blurs this information, and it is not uncommon for the basic progenitor
type (Ia or core-collapse) of well-studied remnants to remain uncertain. Here
we present a powerful new observational diagnostic to discriminate between
progenitor types and constrain the ambient medium density of SNRs solely using
Fe K-shell X-ray emission. We analyze all extant Suzaku observations of SNRs
and detect Fe K alpha emission from 23 young or middle-aged remnants, including
five first detections (IC 443, G292.0+1.8, G337.2-0.7, N49, and N63A). The Fe K
alpha centroids clearly separate progenitor types, with the Fe-rich ejecta in
Type Ia remnants being significantly less ionized than in core-collapse SNRs.
Within each progenitor group, the Fe K alpha luminosity and centroid are well
correlated, with more luminous objects having more highly ionized Fe. Our
results indicate that there is a strong connection between explosion type and
ambient medium density, and suggest that Type Ia supernova progenitors do not
substantially modify their surroundings at radii of up to several parsecs. We
also detect a K-shell radiative recombination continuum of Fe in W49B and IC
443, implying a strong circumstellar interaction in the early evolutionary
phases of these core-collapse remnants.Comment: Accepted by ApJL; 5 pages with just 1 table and 1 figur
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