FLOATING/PERVASIVE LAYER 3 OUTSIDE TO PEER WITH VIRTUAL ROUTERS IN DATACENTER

Techniques are described herein for a Floating Layer 3 Outside (L3Out) mechanism that enables an Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI) datacenter fabric to peer with Virtual Routers that can move across hypervisors. This may be performed without losing connectivity in protocol sessions, almost zero packet loss, and no extra configuration. These techniques save hardware resources with respect to Internet Protocol (IP) address and policy Content Addressable Memory (CAM) usage with no extra provisioning on the ACI

Multi-drug therapy for epilepsy influenced bispectral index after a bolus propofol administration without affecting propofol's pharmacokinetics: a prospective cohort study

Some previous studies have indicated that valproate (VPA) might change the pharmacokinetics and enhance the effects of propofol. We evaluated whether clinical VPA therapy affected the propofol blood level, the protein-unbound free propofol level, and/or the anesthetic effects of propofol in the clinical setting. The subjects were divided into the control group (not medicated with antiepileptics), the mono-VPA group (medicated with VPA alone), and the poly-VPA group (medicated with VPA, other antiepileptics, and/or psychoactive drugs). General anesthesia was induced via the administration of a single bolus of propofol and a remifentanil infusion, and when the bispectral index (BIS) exceeded 60 sevoflurane was started. There were no significant differences in the total blood propofol level at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min or the protein-unbound free propofol level at 5 min after the intravenous administration of propofol between the 3 groups. However, the minimum BIS was significantly lower and the time until the BIS exceeded 60 was significantly longer in the poly-VPA group. In the multivariate regression analysis, belonging to the poly-VPA group was found to be independently associated with the minimum BIS value and the time until the BIS exceeded 60. Clinical VPA therapy did not influence the pharmacokinetics of propofol. However, multi-drug therapy involving VPA might enhance the anesthetic effects of propofol

Chronic Orofacial Pain in Dental Patients: Retrospective Investigation over 12 years

Orofacial pain is often difficult to diagnose and treat. However, there have been few reports on the clinical observation of dental patients with orofacial pain. We retrospectively investigated the characteristics of 221 dental patients who had suffered from persistent orofacial pain. Data were collected from the outpatient medical records in our clinic over the past 12 years. More than half of the patients (53.8%) had suffered with pain for more than 6 months from pain onset until the first visit to our clinic. The main diagnoses were neuropathic pain (30.3%), myofascial pain (23.5%), psychogenic pain (20.4%), odontogenic toothache (17.2%), and others (7.7%) such as temporomandibular disorders and glossitis. The treatments included pharmacotherapy, splint therapy, and others such as nerve block, dental treatment, physiotherapy, and/or psychotherapy. Excluding the patients (52 of 221 initially enrolled patients) with unknown responses to treatment, 65.7% showed remission or a significant improvement in pain in response to treatment. Although only a small group of patients had odontogenic toothache, the rate of improvement was highest for this disorder. In conclusion, early consultation with a dentist is useful to prevent chronicity of odontogenic pain and to make a differential diagnosis in patients with orofacial pain

Up-regulation of ras-GAP genes is reversed by a MEK inhibitor and doxorubicin in v-Ki-ras-transformed NIH/3T3 fibroblasts

金沢大学大学院医学系研究科脳細胞分子学金沢大学薬学部Ras-GTPase-activating proteins (Ras-GAPs) have been implicated both as suppressors of Ras and as effectors in regulating cellular activities. To study whether Ras-GAPs have roles in tumor cell survival or not, mRNA levels of ras-related genes were measured in v-Ki-ras-transformed (DT) and the parental NIH/3T3 cells, using real-time PCR. mRNA levels of p120-Gap, Gap1m, and PIK3CA were increased in DT cells compared with NIH/3T3 cells. p120-Gap and PIK3CA genes were induced by addition of serum or epidermal growth factor to serum-starved DT cells. Three anti-cancer drugs, an ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059, a topoisomerase II poison doxorubicin (adriamycin), and a histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A, selectively blocked the overexpression of p120-Gap and Gap1m genes in DT cells. These drugs also caused reversion of DT cells to the adherent shape associated with growth arrest. Our results suggest that p120-Gap and Gap1m genes provide important biomarkers for cancer therapies. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Allergic Reactions to Local Anesthetics in Dental Patients: Analysis of Intracutaneous and Challenge Tests

Some dental patients have histories of adverse reactions to local anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of allergy to local anesthetics of dental patients who had histories of adverse reactions to local anesthesia based on the results of allergy tests in our institute over a period of 5 years. We investigated the past medical records of dental patients retrospectively, and twenty patients were studied. Three of the 20 showed a positive or false-positive reaction in the intracutaneous test, and one patient showed a false-positive reaction in the challenge test. Our results suggest that the frequency of allergy to local anesthetics is low even if patients have histories of adverse reactions to local anesthesia. However, allergy tests of local anesthetics should be performed in patients in whom it is uncertain whether they are allergic

療養所訪問を通してハンセン病問題を考える (5)

これまで『ハンセン病回復者と北海道をむすぶ会』では、2回にわたって台湾楽生院を訪問し、ハンセン病回復者の方々との交流を深めてきた。本報告は、2013年3月29-31日に台湾楽生院を訪問の際、ハンセン病回復者の方々から伺った話、および2013年10月、2014年1月に札幌などで行われたハンセン病回復者の方の講演などから、ハンセン病療養所の現状をまとめ、今後の課題を明らかにしたい

療養所訪問を通してハンセン病問題を考える (4)

2012年11月5日、『いまハンセン病療養所のいのちと向き合う! : 実態を告発する市民集会』と題して、ハンセン病療養所の実態と今後の課題に関する集会が開催された。翌年1月27日には本学において、QOL研究所主催によるハンセン病問題を考える公開講座(講師:森元美代治さん・美恵子さん・井上昌和さん)が行われ、諸外国を含めたハンセン病問題を報告された。そこで、今回は、2012年-2013年に開催された市民集会やハンセン病回復者との懇談会、公開講座、実践活動などの報告ならびにハンセン病療養所が抱える今後の課題を取り上げたい。A meeting was held on November 5, 2012 to discuss the lives of Hansen\u27s Disease patients at sanatoriums as well as the problems faced by the patients and facilities. A second meeting was held on January 27, 2013, organized by the QOL Research Institute, at which issues and activities regarding Hansen\u27s Disease in Japan and other countries were reported by Miyoji and Mieko Morimoto. In this paper, we review the conferences, meetings with patients,and public seminars on Hansen\u27s Diseases held in 2012 and 2013, and summarize the problems facing sanatoriums in Japan

Two β-amylase genes, OsBAM2 and OsBAM3, are involved in starch remobilization in rice leaf sheaths

To identify mechanisms of starch degradation in rice leaf sheaths at the post-heading stage, we investigated the function of OsBAM2 and OsBAM3, which encode plastid-targeted active β-amylase isoforms, in starch remobilization in leaf sheaths. The starch content in the second leaf sheaths below the flag leaf (the third leaf sheaths) peaked at the flag leaf emergence stage and gradually decreased until 15 days after heading. The mRNA levels of OsBAM2 and OsBAM3 in the third leaf sheaths increased from the flag leaf emergence stage to the heading stage when the starch content began to decrease. However, these mRNA levels did not always remain high during post-heading. Overexpression of OsBAM2 or OsBAM3 markedly repressed starch accumulation in the third leaf sheaths, showing that OsBAM2 and OsBAM3 function in starch degradation in rice leaf sheaths. In contrast, no significant differences in starch content in the third leaf sheaths were detected between knockdown plants of OsBAM2 or OsBAM3 and non-transgenic wild-type plants. Our results suggest that reduced expression of the individual genes, OsBAM2 or OsBAM3, does not result in excess accumulation of starch in the leaf sheaths, probably because of the complementary function of another gene or the action of other genes encoding starch-degrading