THE TRADE MANUFACTURE AND DESIGN OF ENGLISH BLACKSMITHING IN THE POST WAR PERIOD

Blacksmithing has undergone a dramatic transformation in the last twenty five years. This study examines the changes and the context within which they have taken place. The effects upon the products of the blacksmith are considered through empirical research and practical work. The working methods and philosophies of blacksmiths representative of a continuity of traditions and innovatory practice are investigated through interviews and other approaches. From its origins as a rural and industrial craft, blacksmithing has emerged in the form of art-blacksmithing. Institutional and government intervention, new technologies and markets provide the context in which the ideologies and practices are examined. It is argued that these new blacksmiths are selfconscious designer-makers who are technically innovative, and commercially aware, operating successfully between and within the cultural and commercial arenas. In combining practical and decorative functionalism, and producing site-specific art work at a competitive price, artist blacksmiths successfully inhabit the worlds of art, industry, trade and craft, often simultaneously

Managing Learning Experiences In An AACSB Environment: Beyond The Classroom

The study explores the development and management of a rich learning environment that extends the traditional classroom to include significant co-curricular programs. Learning enrichment is guided by the individual mission of the business school, accreditation agency (AACSB), and in our case, the Jesuit mission. That central framework provides a student centric focus to achieve our mission as well as our specific Assurance of Learning objectives. Key concepts discussed include identifying management models/approaches, how to measure the richness of the learning experience, maintaining Assurance of Learning standards, as well as a variety of implementation issues

Preparation to “provoke a battle”: New Right Conservatism, the Trade Unions and the Conservative Party 1974 – 1984

This research makes an original contribution to the literature on the relationship between the Conservative Party and trade union movement between 1974 and 1984. Through primary source material I analyse how an emergent New Right within the Conservative Party planned, prepared and enacted industrial conflict with the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) in 1984. This conflict was a result of ideological change in the Conservative Party, which saw internal cabinet opposition marginalised through a challenge to One Nation “wets” within the Cabinet. I argue that the government’s industrial policy counters statecraft interpretations of the Conservative Party at this time. This is demonstrated in the following key areas: the radicalism of the party’s industrial policy; the planning and preparation for industrial conflict; the creation of a recently unclassified “Hit List” of UK pit closures, one that was denied to full Cabinet scrutiny in 1984; and the use of direct government interference with the policing of “The Battle of Orgreave” and its aftermath. These actions fit the remit of The Ridley Report of 1977, a template for ideologically driven reform of which the desire to 'fragment’ nationalised industries was a precondition for denationalisation. I argue that a group within the Conservative Party pushed through these changes to construct a new relationship between labour, industry and government

Hierarchical galaxy formation and substructure in the Galaxy's stellar halo

We develop an explicit model for the formation of the stellar halo from tidally disrupted, accreted dwarf satellites in the cold dark matter (CDM) framework, focusing on predictions testable with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and other wide-field surveys. Subhalo accretion and orbital evolution are calculated using a semi-analytic approach within the Press-Schechter formalism. Motivated by our previous work, we assume that low-mass subhalos (v < 30 km/s) can form significant populations of stars only if they accreted a substantial fraction of their mass before the epoch of reionization. With this assumption, the model reproduces the observed velocity function of galactic satellites in the Local Group, solving the ``dwarf satellite problem'' without modifying the popular LCDM cosmology. The disrupted satellites yield a stellar distribution with a total mass and radial density profile consistent with those observed for the Milky Way stellar halo. Most significantly, the model predicts the presence of many large-scale, coherent substructures in the outer halo. These substructures are remnants of individual, tidally disrupted dwarf satellite galaxies. Substructure is more pronounced at large galactocentric radii because of the smaller number density of tidal streams and the longer orbital times. This model provides a natural explanation for the coherent structures in the outer stellar halo found in the SDSS commissioning data, and it predicts that many more such structures should be found as the survey covers more of the sky. The detection (or non-detection) and characterization of such structures could eventually test variants of the CDM scenario, especially those that aim to solve the dwarf satellite problem by enhancing satellite disruption.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, Submitted to Ap

Dynamic Reflectarray Technology for Electro-Optical Sensors

An array of two or more tunable electro-optical reflecting elements where the phase response of one to more elements may be adjusted by a variety of approaches including, but not limited to a liquid crystal superstrate, schottky contact(s), ultra-violet radiation pulses, and illumination of photoconductive substances. Methods and apparatus for direct and/or adaptive control of phase response via the above approaches are also discussed

Radio Sources from a 31 GHz Sky Survey with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Array

We present the first sample of 31-GHz selected sources to flux levels of 1 mJy. From late 2005 to mid 2007, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Array (SZA) observed 7.7 square degrees of the sky at 31 GHz to a median rms of 0.18 mJy/beam. We identify 209 sources at greater than 5 sigma significance in the 31 GHz maps, ranging in flux from 0.7 mJy to ~200 mJy. Archival NVSS data at 1.4 GHz and observations at 5 GHz with the Very Large Array are used to characterize the sources. We determine the maximum-likelihood integrated source count to be N(>S) = (27.2 +- 2.5) deg^-2 x (S_mJy)^(-1.18 +- 0.12) over the flux range 0.7 - 15 mJy. This result is significantly higher than predictions based on 1.4-GHz selected samples, a discrepancy which can be explained by a small shift in the spectral index distribution for faint 1.4-GHz sources. From comparison with previous measurements of sources within the central arcminute of massive clusters, we derive an overdensity of 6.8 +- 4.4, relative to field sources.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

Developments at Finisar AOC

ABSTRACT In 2007 Finisar completed the transfer of an entire epi and fab line from one facility to another. During this period, reliability models had to be re-validated and product continuity maintained. In this paper we describe the activities necessary to support such a transition, and we extend previously published VCSEL failure atlases

A Resolved Ring of Debris Dust around the Solar Analog HD 107146

We present resolved images of the dust continuum emission from the debris disk around the young (80-200 Myr) solar-type star HD 107146 with CARMA at λ = 1.3 mm and the CSO at λ = 350 μ. Both images show that the dust emission extends over an approximately 10" diameter region. The high-resolution (3") CARMA image further reveals that the dust is distributed in a partial ring with significant decrease in a flux inward of 97 AU. Two prominent emission peaks appear within the ring separated by ~140° in the position angle. The morphology of the dust emission is suggestive of dust captured into a mean motion resonance, which would imply the presence of a planet at an orbital radius of ~45-75 AU

First Results from COPSS: The CO Power Spectrum Survey

We present constraints on the abundance of carbon monoxide in the early universe from the CO Power Spectrum Survey. We utilize a data set collected between 2005 and 2008 using the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich Array (SZA), which was previously used to measure arcminute-scale fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background. This data set features observations of 44 fields, covering an effective area of 1.7 square degrees, over a frequency range of 27–35 GHz. Using the technique of intensity mapping, we are able to probe the CO(1–0) transition, with sensitivity to spatial modes between k = 0.5–2 h Mpc^(−1) over a range in redshift of z = 2.3–3.3, spanning a comoving volume of 3.6 × 10^6 h^(−3) Mpc^3. We demonstrate our ability to mitigate foregrounds, and present estimates of the impact of continuum sources on our measurement. We constrain the CO power spectrum to P_(CO) < 2.6 × 10^4 μK^2 (h^(−1) Mpc)^3, or Δ^2_(CO)(k = 1 h Mpc^(−1)) < 1.3 × 10^3 μK^2, at 95% confidence. This limit resides near optimistic predictions for the CO power spectrum. Under the assumption that CO emission is proportional to halo mass during bursts of active star formation, this corresponds to a limit on the ratio of CO(1–0) luminosity to host halo mass of A_(CO) < 1.2 × 10^(−5) L⊙_ M_⊙^(−1). Further assuming a Milky Way-like conversion factor between CO luminosity and molecular gas mass (α_(CO) = 4.3 M_⊙ (K km s^(−1) pc^(−2))^(−1)), we constrain the global density of molecular gas to ρ_(z~3) (M_H_2) ⩽ 2.8 x 10^8 M_☉ Mpc^(-3)