Evaluation the genetic diversity of advanced lentil genoty pesunder the drought stress and non-stress conditions

To evaluate genetic diversity of advanced lentil lines, screening quantitative indices of drought resistance, and identifying drought resistant lines, 11 varieties, one advanced lentil line and one selected genotype from Ardabil local mass in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications under both stress (rain-fed) and non-stress (irrigated) conditions in the Station of Agricultural and Natural Research of Ardabil. Based on yields obtained under irrigation (YP) and rain-fed (YS) conditions, several quantitative drought tolerance indices, like mean productivity (MP), tolerance index (TOL), geometric mean productivity (GMP), harmonic mean (HARM), stress susceptibility index (SSI) and stress tolerance index (STI) were used to evaluate the drought responses of these genotypes. Evaluation of quantitative indices of drought resistance and considering the means quantities and correlation coefficients between such indices, based on grain yield and under both rain-fed and irrigated conditions indicated that indices (MP), (HARM), (GMP) and (STI) are considered as the best indices of Lentil genotypes response with stress intensity of (SI = 0.29) under drought stress. In 3-D graph, it has been showed that with considering these indices and grain yield and under rain-fed and irrigated conditions, genotypes ILL 6031, ILL 9893 and ILL 8095 will be as the produced highest seed yields and drought resistant lines in group A. Multivariate Biplot graph indicated that genotypes ILL 6031, ILL 9893 and ILL 8095 were located next to the vectors of drought resistance indices, as: MP, HARM, GMP and STI. Distribution of the genotypes in the Biplot space indicated the presence of genetic diversity among the lines for drought stress. Diagrams obtained from cluster analysis based on above indices showed that the farthest genetic distance in related to drought resistant lines with highest seed yields (ILL 6031, ILL 9893 and ILL 8095) and drought susceptible lines and lowest seed yields (ILL 8173, ILL 9832, ILL 1878 and ILL 8146)

Study on relations between relative water content, cell membrane stability and duration of growth period with grain yield of lentil genotypesunder drought stress and non-stress conditions

Drought is one of the most important abiotic stresses that limits crop production in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Lentil (Lens culinaris L.), a valuable legume crop, is produced mainly rain-fed in Iran. An experiment was conducted to study the relationships between relative water content (RWC), cell membrane stability (CMS) and duration of growth period with grain yield of 11 advanced genotypes, varieties and a local genotype in the Ardabil Agriculture and Natural Resources research Station. Experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replication under both rain-fed and irrigated conditions. Combined ANOVA showed significant differences among all the evaluated traits. Significant differences between characters reveals that there are high variation between the traits studied. Means for characters under study showed that grain yield, RWC, CMS and duration of growth period decreased in rain-fed condition but cell membrane leakage (electric conductivity) increased. Correlation coefficients showed strongly positive relation between grain yield with RWC (r0.98**), strongly negative and non significant CMS (r-0.32ns) and strongly negative relation between grain yield and the days to maturity (r-0.78**). The results of the experiment also revealed that there weren’t a strong relation between yield and calculated attributes for drought tolerance except RWC. Therefore, this character could be effective in evaluation of drought tolerance and identification of high yielding genotypes (ILL 6031, ILL 9893 and ILL 8095)

Evaluating Potential Production of Mid-Late Maturing Minituber of Potato Cultivars and Promising Clones under Aeroponic System

This study was performed to investigate potential production of mid-late maturing promising mini-tuber clones and cultivars under aeroponic system during 2011-2013 in both laboratory and greenhouse of Ardabil Sabalan Behparvar Company. Five clones and cultivars (three promising clones 397009-3, 397082-10 and 397081-1, and two cultivars, Khavaran and Agria) were evaluated in completely randomized designs with three replications. During growing period and after harvesting the crop some important traits like plant height, main stem number per plant, mini-tuber number and weight per square meter, mean mini-tuber weight per square meter and storability of mini-tubers were measured. Analysis of variance showed that mini-tuber number and weight per square meter, mean mini-tuber weight per square meter, plant height and main stem number per plant among clones and cultivars were significantly different. The mid-late maturity promising clones of 397081-1 and 397009-3 produced higher mini-tuber number per square meter (2766 and 2141 mini-tubers, respectively), mini-tuber weight per square meter (11400 and 16500 g, respectively) than the remaining types. Mid-late maturity promising clone of 397081-1 also produced higher mean mini-tuber weight per square meter (5.59 g) and plant height (174 cm) as compared with the others. The differences per square meter in the number of mini-tuber of mid-late maturing promising clones of 397081-1 and 397009-3 with Agria cultivar were about 1166 and 541, respectively. Mean mini-tuber weight per square meter in aeroponic system was 6.16 grams

Evaluation of Potato Advanced Cultivars Against Water Deficit Stress Under in vitro and in vivo Condition

Abstract: This experiment performed according to the factorial design and on the base of completely randomized design in three replications in 2007. Factor A included four levels of osmotic pressure (0,-1,-2 and-3 bar) and factor B included seven advanced potato cultivars (Agria, Savalan (397007-9), Satina, Caesar, Kennebec, Marfona and Sante). The PEG 6000 was used for exerting the water deficiency stress on the plantlets. The attributes such as germinating ability and root producing was measured. In this stage the cultivar that produced the roots, had moved to the greenhouse. The plantlets were planted in soil bed with mixed of Punce and Biolan with 1:1 v/v. The applied experimental design was factorial on the base of completely randomized design in three replications. Factor A has four levels of osmotic pressure and factor B included seven advanced potato cultivars. After two months, was harvested the mini-tubers and the attributes was measured such as mini-tuber average size, mini-tubers weight and number per plant. The variance analysis results showed that significant difference between osmotic pressure levels, cultivars and their interaction as attributes mini-tubers number and weight per plant and mini-tubers average size in 1 % probability. The Caesar and Savalan cultivars had the most number and weight of mini-tuber per plant in-1 bar and Caesar and Kennebec cultivars in-2 bar osmotic pressures. The MP, GMP, STI and MSTI selected Caesar as better cultivar in normal and stress conditions. Results of cluster analysis showed that cultivars grouped in three clusters. The first cluster included Agria, Sante and Marfona (susceptible cultivars), the second cluster Satina, Savalan and Kennebec (moderately tolerance cultivars) and the third cluster Caesar (tolerance cultivar). Key words: PEG, water stress, potato, mini-tuber, in vitr, in viv

The Comparative Observation of Quantitative Characteristics, Heterosis and Dominance Degree in Hybrids Derived from Breeding Populations of True Potato Seed

To create genetic variations in potato during four years of study (2007-11) and use than in breeding programs, some 105 hybrids were selected from cresses of Agria, Savalan, Boren, Kennebek and Ceaser cultivars as hybrids parents, and planted in augmented design at the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2010-2011. The marketable tuber yields produced by the parents and hybrids were 42-52 t.ha-1 and 10.4-138.8 t.ha-1, respectively. The marketable tuber yields of hybrids exhibited 23.81% over dominance, 52.38% incomplete dominance, 13.33% reduction dominance and 10.48% interval dominance. Almost 24% of all hybrids selected produced higher marketable tuber yield than their parents. Heterosis for marketable tuber yield was found to be 58%. Based on the traits considered like marketable tuber yield, tuber uniformity, shallow eye depth, short stolon and yellow flesh and skin color, heterosis and dominancedegrees some 28 hybrids were selected. Among hybrids selected, 14 belonged to ♂Ceaser × ♀Savalan cross (021, 022, 023, 025, 026, 049, 057, 081, 087, 088, 095, 098, 0104 and 0105), four to ♂Savalan × ♀Agria cross (0500, 0502, 0503 0508), five to ♂Ceaser × ♀Agria cross (0611, 0613, 0616, 0618 and 0623) with early to mid-early maturity group, one to ♂Boren × ♀Savalan cross (0205), two to ♂Savalan × ♀Ceaser cross (0300 and 0303) and two to ♂Ceaser × ♀Kennebek cross (0401 and 0403) with mid-late maturity group

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in 65 Genotypes of Potato by Using Factor and Cluster Analysis

To evaluate genetic diversityamong 65 potato genotypes along with Agria, Draga and Marfona cultivars as controls an experiment based augmented design with three blocks was conducted at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil, Iran, during two years(2007-2008).During the growing period and after harvest, the traits such as days number till tuberization, growth period, main stem number per plant, plant height, total and marketable tuber number and weight per plant, marketable tuber yield and dry matter percent were measured. The ANONA results showed that there were significant differences among genotypes for main stem number per plant, plant height, total and marketable tuber number and weight per plant, marketable tuber yield, days number till tuberization and dry matter percent.The main stem number per plant, plant height, total and marketable tuber number and weight per plant and marketable tuber yield traits, had high but days number till tuberization and dry matter percent relativelyhighdiversity. Cluster analysis divided the 65 genotypes into four groups.The third group consisted of five genotypes (Caesar, Luca, Kennebec, Satina cultivars and 397007-9) were found to be higher in total and marketable tuber number per plant, marketable tuber yield than over all mean and the controls. In factor analysis, four independent factors represented 73.49% of the total variations. They were named as 1- yield and its components (marketable tuber yield, total and marketable tuber number and weight per plant), 2- the structural traits (plant height and number of main stems per plant), 3- quality (dry matter percent) and 4- phonology (number of days to tuberization) factors, respectively

Effects of Different Planting Beds on Mini-Tubers Production Two Potato Cultivars in Greenhouse Conditions

This research was conducted to evaluate the effects different planting beds on the mini-tuber production Agria and Savalan cultivars of potato in both laboratory and greenhouse of "Ardabil Potato Seed Production Company of Dasht-Zarrin" during 2009. Experiment was factorial based on completely randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors. Factor A consisted of two potato cultivars (Agria and Savalan) and factor B of four planting beds (Biolan, Terracult, Cocopeat and soil as control). Analysis of variance of measured traits showed that differences of planting beds, cultivars and interaction between cultivar × planting bed concerning the number and weight mini-tuber per m2, average size of mini-tuber and plant height were significant. Savalan produced highest mini-tuber number, weight per m2 andplant height, and Agria had the highest average size of mini-tuber when Terracult planting bed was used. Correlation between mini-tuber weight per m2 with plant was positive and significant

Evaluation of Hail Simulated Damage on Marketable Tuber Yield of Potato Agria Cultivar in Ardabil Region

This study was conducted at Ardabil Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station during the year of 2010. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications and two factors were used to evaluate the effect of simulated hail damage to foliage at different growth stages of potato Agria cultivar on marketable tuber yield. The first factor consisted of six levels of foliar damage (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent) and the second factor of five levels of plant growth stages (2, 5, 8, 11 and 15 weeks after the growing). Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among plants for levels and times of hail damage and their interactions in terms of marketable tuber yield. Percentage of marketable yield reduction at early stages of vegetative growth (2 weeks after growing) was minimal. Occurrence of hail damage at the tuberization and bulking stages (5, 8 and 11 weeks after growing) severely reduced marketable tuber yield. While, its damage at late growing stages of (14 weeks after growing) on tuber yield was not appreciable. Times of hail damage on marketable tuber yield reduction was calculated through the regression. Relative reduction of marketable tuber yield at the early stages of vegetative growth, due to hail damage, against non-marketable tuber yield was higher than of bulking stage