855 research outputs found
On the Historical Process of the Institutionalizing Technical Education: The Case of Weaving Districts in the Meiji Japan
This paper explores the process of the institutionalizing technical education in modern Japan. In particular, this research attempts to elucidate why people in local weaving districts needed such educational institutions and how it is related with the introduction of western technology. This process is found to be much different from the government-led introduction of modern industries through establishment of technical high schools and universities to nurture engineers. In the case of traditional Japanese weaving districts, it was trade associations that voluntarily and actively established institutes for training, which were later supported by prefectural governments and the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce and finally institutionalized as public technical schools by the Ministry of Education.
From Smithian Growth to Schumpeterian Development: An Inquiry into the Development of the Kiryu Weaving District in the Early 20th Century Japan
This study finds that the process of evolutionary development of the Kiryu weaving district in Japan from 1895 to 1930 can be divided into the two phases, i.e., Smithian growth based on the inter-firm division of labor using hand looms and Schumpeterian development based on factory system using power looms. Weaving manufacturers-cum-contractors led Smithian growth by organizing sub-contracts with out-weavers in rural villages among others, thereby contributing to the steady growth in production. Newly emerged joint stock firms played a role of genuine entrepreneurs by realizing significant scale economies and transforming the traditional weaving district into a cluster of large modern factories.industrial district, Smithian growth, Schumpeterian development, weaving industry, 20th century Japan
Discriminative phenomenological features of scale invariant models for electroweak symmetry breaking
Classical scale invariance (CSI) may be one of the solutions for the
hierarchy problem. Realistic models for electroweak symmetry breaking based on
CSI require extended scalar sectors without mass terms, and the electroweak
symmetry is broken dynamically at the quantum level by the Coleman-Weinberg
mechanism. We discuss discriminative features of these models. First, using the
experimental value of the mass of the discovered Higgs boson , we
obtain an upper bound on the mass of the lightest additional scalar boson (~543
GeV), which does not depend on its isospin and hypercharge. Second, a
discriminative prediction on the Higgs-photon-photon coupling is given as a
function of the number of charged scalar bosons, by which we can narrow down
possible models using current and future data for the di-photon decay of
. Finally, for the triple Higgs boson coupling a large deviation (~ +70
%) from the SM prediction is universally predicted, which is independent of
masses, quantum numbers and even the number of additional scalars. These models
based on CSI can be well tested at LHC Run II and at future lepton colliders.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, references added, text slightly modifie
Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions in Models with Charged Singlets
We investigate the effect of extra singlets on the electroweak phase
transition (EWPT) strength and the spectrum of the corresponding gravitational
waves (GWs). We consider here the standard model (SM) extended with a singlet
scalar with multiplicity N coupled to the SM Higgs doublet. After imposing all
the theoretical and experimental constraints and defining the region where the
EWPT is strongly first order, we obtain the region in which the GWs spectrum
can be reached by different future experiments such as LISA and DECIGO.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, published version matche
Fingerprinting models of first-order phase transitions by the synergy between collider and gravitational-wave experiments
We investigate the sensitivity of future space-based interferometers such as
LISA and DECIGO to the parameters of new particle physics models which drive a
first-order phase transition in the early Universe. We first perform a Fisher
matrix analysis on the quantities characterizing the gravitational wave
spectrum resulting from the phase transition, such as the peak frequency and
amplitude. We next perform a Fisher analysis for the quantities which determine
the properties of the phase transition, such as the latent heat and the time
dependence of the bubble nucleation rate. Since these quantities are determined
by the model parameters of the new physics, we can estimate the expected
sensitivities to such parameters. We illustrate this point by taking three new
physics models for example: (1) models with additional isospin singlet scalars
(2) a model with an extra real Higgs singlet, and (3) a classically conformal
model. We find that future gravitational wave observations play
complementary roles to future collider experiments in pinning down the
parameters of new physics models driving a first-order phase transition.Comment: 64 pages, 35 figure
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