634 research outputs found
Diagnosing transient plasma status : from solar atmosphere to tokamak divertor
This work strongly exploits the interdisciplinary links between astrophysical (such as the solar upper atmosphere) and aboratory plasmas (such as tokamak devices) by sharing the development of a common modelling for time-dependent onisation. This is applied to the interpretation of solar flare data observed by the UVSP (Ultraviolet Spectrometer and olarimeter), on-board the Solar Maximum Mission and the IRIS (Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph), and also to data from B2-SOLPS (Scrape Off Layer Plasma Simulations) for MAST (Mega Ampère Spherical Tokamak) Super-X divertor upgrade. The derived atomic data, calculated in the framework of the ADAS (Atomic Data and Analysis Structure) project, allow equivalent prediction in non-stationary transport regimes and transients of both the solar atmosphere and tokamak divertors, except that the tokamak evolution is about one thousand times faster
Evolution of density perturbations in a realistic universe
Prompted by the recent more precise determination of the basic cosmological
parameters and growing evidence that the matter-energy content of the universe
is now dominated by dark energy and dark matter we present the general solution
of the equation that describes the evolution of density perturbations in the
linear approximation. It turns out that as in the standard CDM model the
density perturbations grow very slowly during the radiation dominated epoch and
their amplitude increases by a factor of about 4000 in the matter and later
dark energy dominated epoch of expansion of the universe.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
Coupled-mode equations and gap solitons in a two-dimensional nonlinear elliptic problem with a separable periodic potential
We address a two-dimensional nonlinear elliptic problem with a
finite-amplitude periodic potential. For a class of separable symmetric
potentials, we study the bifurcation of the first band gap in the spectrum of
the linear Schr\"{o}dinger operator and the relevant coupled-mode equations to
describe this bifurcation. The coupled-mode equations are derived by the
rigorous analysis based on the Fourier--Bloch decomposition and the Implicit
Function Theorem in the space of bounded continuous functions vanishing at
infinity. Persistence of reversible localized solutions, called gap solitons,
beyond the coupled-mode equations is proved under a non-degeneracy assumption
on the kernel of the linearization operator. Various branches of reversible
localized solutions are classified numerically in the framework of the
coupled-mode equations and convergence of the approximation error is verified.
Error estimates on the time-dependent solutions of the Gross--Pitaevskii
equation and the coupled-mode equations are obtained for a finite-time
interval.Comment: 32 pages, 16 figure
Particle-Like Description in Quintessential Cosmology
Assuming equation of state for quintessential matter: , we
analyse dynamical behaviour of the scale factor in FRW cosmologies. It is shown
that its dynamics is formally equivalent to that of a classical particle under
the action of 1D potential . It is shown that Hamiltonian method can be
easily implemented to obtain a classification of all cosmological solutions in
the phase space as well as in the configurational space. Examples taken from
modern cosmology illustrate the effectiveness of the presented approach.
Advantages of representing dynamics as a 1D Hamiltonian flow, in the analysis
of acceleration and horizon problems, are presented. The inverse problem of
reconstructing the Hamiltonian dynamics (i.e. potential function) from the
luminosity distance function for supernovae is also considered.Comment: 35 pages, 26 figures, RevTeX4, some applications of our treatment to
investigation of quintessence models were adde
Implications of the HERA Events for the R-Parity Breaking SUSY Signals at Tevatron
The favoured R-parity violating SUSY scenarios for the anomalous HERA events
correspond to top and charm squark production via the and
couplings. In both cases the corresponding electronic
branching fractions of the squarks are expected to be . Consequently the
canonical leptoquark signature is incapable of probing these scenarios at the
Tevatron collider over most of the MSSM parameter space. We suggest alternative
signatures for probing them at Tevatron, which seem to be viable over the
entire range of MSSM parameters.Comment: 20 pages Latex file with 4 ps files containing 4 figure
Top-squark searches at the Tevatron in models of low-energy supersymmetry breaking
We study the production and decays of top squarks (stops) at the Tevatron
collider in models of low-energy supersymmetry breaking. We consider the case
where the lightest Standard Model (SM) superpartner is a light neutralino that
predominantly decays into a photon and a light gravitino. Considering the
lighter stop to be the next-to-lightest Standard Model superpartner, we analyze
stop signatures associated with jets, photons and missing energy, which lead to
signals naturally larger than the associated SM backgrounds. We consider both
2-body and 3-body decays of the top squarks and show that the reach of the
Tevatron can be significantly larger than that expected within either the
standard supergravity models or models of low-energy supersymmetry breaking in
which the stop is the lightest SM superpartner. For a modest projection of the
final Tevatron luminosity, L = 4 fb-1, stop masses of order 300 GeV are
accessible at the Tevatron collider in both 2-body and 3-body decay modes. We
also consider the production and decay of ten degenerate squarks that are the
supersymmetric partners of the five light quarks. In this case we find that
common squark masses up to 360 GeV are easily accessible at the Tevatron
collider, and that the reach increases further if the gluino is light.Comment: 32 pages, 9 figures; references adde
Signatures of the slow solar wind streams from active regions in the inner corona
Some of local sources of the slow solar wind can be associated with
spectroscopically detected plasma outflows at edges of active regions
accompanied with specific signatures in the inner corona. The EUV telescopes
(e.g. SPIRIT/CORONAS-F, TESIS/CORONAS-Photon and SWAP/PROBA2) sometimes
observed extended ray-like structures seen at the limb above active regions in
1MK iron emission lines and described as "coronal rays". To verify the
relationship between coronal rays and plasma outflows, we analyze an isolated
active region (AR) adjacent to small coronal hole (CH) observed by different
EUV instruments in the end of July - beginning of August 2009. On August 1 EIS
revealed in the AR two compact outflows with the Doppler velocities V =10-30
km/s accompanied with fan loops diverging from their regions. At the limb the
ARCH interface region produced coronal rays observed by EUVI/STEREO-A on July
31 as well as by TESIS on August 7. The rays were co-aligned with open magnetic
field lines expanded to the streamer stalks. Using the DEM analysis, it was
found that the fan loops diverged from the outflow regions had the dominant
temperature of ~1 MK, which is similar to that of the outgoing plasma streams.
Parameters of the solar wind measured by STEREO-B, ACE, WIND, STEREO-A were
conformed with identification of the ARCH as a source region at the
Wang-Sheeley-Arge map of derived coronal holes for CR 2086. The results of the
study support the suggestion that coronal rays can represent signatures of
outflows from ARs propagating in the inner corona along open field lines into
the heliosphere.Comment: Accepted for publication in Solar Physics; 31 Pages; 13 Figure
Statistics of the gravitational force in various dimensions of space: from Gaussian to Levy laws
We discuss the distribution of the gravitational force created by a
Poissonian distribution of field sources (stars, galaxies,...) in different
dimensions of space d. In d=3, it is given by a Levy law called the Holtsmark
distribution. It presents an algebraic tail for large fluctuations due to the
contribution of the nearest neighbor. In d=2, it is given by a marginal
Gaussian distribution intermediate between Gaussian and Levy laws. In d=1, it
is exactly given by the Bernouilli distribution (for any particle number N)
which becomes Gaussian for N>>1. Therefore, the dimension d=2 is critical
regarding the statistics of the gravitational force. We generalize these
results for inhomogeneous systems with arbitrary power-law density profile and
arbitrary power-law force in a d-dimensional universe
Probing R-parity violating models of neutrino mass at the Tevatron via top Squark decays
We have estimated the limiting branching ratio of the R-parity violating
(RPV) decay of the lighter top squark, \tilde t_1 \ar l^+ d ( or
and d is a down type quark of any flavor), as a function of top squark
mass(\MST) for an observable signal in the di-lepton plus di-jet channel at
the Tevatron RUN-II experiment with 2 fb luminosity. Our simulations
indicate that the lepton number violating nature of the underlying decay
dynamics can be confirmed via the reconstruction of \MST. The above decay is
interesting in the context of RPV models of neutrino mass where the RPV
couplings () driving the above decay are constrained to be
small (\lsim 10^{-3} - 10^{-4} ). If is the next lightest super
particle - a theoretically well motivated scenario - then the RPV decay can
naturally compete with the R-parity conserving (RPC) modes which also have
suppressed widths. The model independent limiting BR can delineate the
parameter space in specific supersymmetric models, where the dominating RPV
decay is observable and predict the minimum magnitude of the RPV coupling that
will be sensitive to Run-II data. We have found it to be in the same ballpark
value required by models of neutrino mass, for a wide range of \MST. A
comprehensive future strategy for linking top squark decays with models of
neutrino mass is sketched.Comment: 28 pages, 14 Figure
Extreme Ultra-Violet Spectroscopy of the Lower Solar Atmosphere During Solar Flares
The extreme ultraviolet portion of the solar spectrum contains a wealth of
diagnostic tools for probing the lower solar atmosphere in response to an
injection of energy, particularly during the impulsive phase of solar flares.
These include temperature and density sensitive line ratios, Doppler shifted
emission lines and nonthermal broadening, abundance measurements, differential
emission measure profiles, and continuum temperatures and energetics, among
others. In this paper I shall review some of the advances made in recent years
using these techniques, focusing primarily on studies that have utilized data
from Hinode/EIS and SDO/EVE, while also providing some historical background
and a summary of future spectroscopic instrumentation.Comment: 34 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to Solar Physics as part of the
Topical Issue on Solar and Stellar Flare
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