Suppression of Implanted MDA-MB 231 Human Breast Cancer Growth in Nude Mice by Dietary Walnut

Walnuts contain components that may slow cancer growth including omega 3 fatty acids, phytosterols, polyphenols, carotenoids, and melatonin. A pilot study was performed to determine whether consumption of walnuts could affect growth of MDA-MB 231 human breast cancers implanted into nude mice. Tumor cells were injected into nude mice that were consuming an AIN-76A diet slightly modified to contain 10% corn oil. After the tumors reached 3 to 5 mm diameter, the diet of one group of mice was changed to include ground walnuts, equivalent to 56 g (2 oz) per day in humans. The tumor growth rate from Day 10, when tumor sizes began to diverge, until the end of the study of the group that consumed walnuts (2.9 ± 1.1 mm3/day; mean ± standard error of the mean) was significantly less (P \u3e 0.05, t-test of the growth rates) than that of the group that did not consume walnuts (14.6 ± 1.3 mm 3 /day). The eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid fractions of the livers of the group that consumed walnuts were significantly higher than that of the group that did not consume walnuts. Tumor cell proliferation was decreased, but apoptosis was not altered due to walnut consumption. Further work is merited to investigate applications to cancer in humans

Omega 3 fatty acids reduce myeloid progenitor cell frequency in the bone marrow of mice and promote progenitor cell differentiation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Omega 3 fatty acids have been found to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and promote differentiation in various cell types. The processes of cell survival, expansion, and differentiation are of key importance in the regulation of hematopoiesis. We investigated the role of omega 3 fatty acids in controlling the frequency of various myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow of mice. Increased progenitor cell frequency and blocked differentiation are characteristics of hematopoietic disorders of the myeloid lineage, such as myeloproliferative diseases and myeloid leukemias.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that increasing the proportion of omega 3 fatty acids relative to the proportion of omega 6 fatty acids in the diet caused increased differentiation and reduced the frequency of myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow of mice. Furthermore, this had no adverse effect on peripheral white blood cell counts.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results indicate that omega 3 fatty acids impact hematopoietic differentiation by reducing myeloid progenitor cell frequency in the bone marrow and promoting progenitor cell differentiation. Further exploration of this discovery could lead to the use of omega 3 fatty acids as a therapeutic option for patients that have various disorders of hematopoiesis.</p

Perancangan Video Iklan Layanan Masyarakat Alat Kontrasepsi Berbasis Online sebagai Sarana Informasi Program Keluarga Berencana

Fungsian failure problems or lack of contraception is still quite common among people who use family planning program. At least the report noted the failure of contraception in the period 2010-2013 amounted to 3846 report (BKKBN). Responding to the issue of the National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN) gives advice to follow family planning method Long Term (LTM). LTM with contraceptive tool, the contraceptive IUD and implants, it has a higher success rate in controlling the birth rate. In addition to a higher level of security, long-term contraception tool also has a longer lifetime of 5-10 years as user preferences, so that the contraceptive is also considered more efficient in cost pemakiannya. But people still do not know clearly about contraceptives and more use of short-term contraceptives that birth control pills and injectables which also has a lower level of security. Of the existing problems the author aims to design video public service announcements online-based contraceptives as a means of family planning information program

Perancangan Buku Batik Tulis Jarak Arum Ex-lokalisasi Dolly dengan Teknik Watercolor Guna Meningkatkan Brand Awareness

Batik tulis Jarak Arum is one of the unique batik Surabaya from ex-Dolly. Jarak Arum\u27s batik has its own characteristics which is illustrated by the motifs, where the motive is to tell about the ex-Dolly localization earlier known as the second largest in Asia. Through motives contained in batik is expected to lift the image of Dolly earlier known as localization region the second largest in Asia which has now been folded Dolly now exists in name only. With this in mind to improve the image of the previous Dolly to become one of the tourist areas in Surabaya which is famous for its batik is batik tulis Jarak Arum, is expected to change the image of Dolly the better. Batik tulis Jarak Arum also including new products that require media for recognition, in order to be able to become one of the products that can be remembered and recognized by the public. Therefore, this research aims to design book of batik tulis Jarak Arum ex-Dolly with watercolor techniques in order to increase brand awareness. The design of the book batik tulis Jarak Arum ex-Dolly using qualitative data collection methods, namely by interviews, observation, literature study, existing studies and creative brief is very important to define the concept design study. From the analysis of these data, the theme of the design concept obtained is charming. Concepts Charming aims to communicate to the target market, namely the premature adults who are less familiar and interested to be more familiar and batik and recall batik tulis Jarak Arum as part of a product category, with emphasis on product charming character

Numerical Distribution of Lymphoid Nodules in the Human Sigmoid Colon, Rectosigmoidal Junction, Rectum, and Anal Canal

There is little information on the numerical distribution of lymphoid nodules (LN) in distal segments of the human large bowel. A novel approach was therefore developed to assess the number of LN in the sigmoid colon, the rectosigmoid segment, the rectum, and the anal canal in humans. The distal large bowel from five cadavers was selected for quantitative study. The number of LN was scored macroscopically from the proximal sigmoid colon to the distal anal canal. A numerical distribution, previously unreported, consisting of two circular bands of LN was observed in each of the five cadavers. One band was located 3 cm proximal from the pectinate line and the other was located at the rectosigmoid segment. Significantly more LN occurred 3–5 cm proximal to the pectinate line compared to areas distal or proximal to this band of LN. This band of LN has not been reported previously in humans

Optoacoustic solitons in Bragg gratings

Optical gap solitons, which exist due to a balance of nonlinearity and dispersion due to a Bragg grating, can couple to acoustic waves through electrostriction. This gives rise to a new species of ``gap-acoustic'' solitons (GASs), for which we find exact analytic solutions. The GAS consists of an optical pulse similar to the optical gap soliton, dressed by an accompanying phonon pulse. Close to the speed of sound, the phonon component is large. In subsonic (supersonic) solitons, the phonon pulse is a positive (negative) density variation. Coupling to the acoustic field damps the solitons' oscillatory instability, and gives rise to a distinct instability for supersonic solitons, which may make the GAS decelerate and change direction, ultimately making the soliton subsonic.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Evidence that a Major Portion of Cellular Potassium is Bound

In this report we briefly review recent evidence which shows that a substantial proportion of intracellular K+ is bound or perturbed from the physicochemical properties expected in dilute aqueous solutions. In addition, we present evidence from electron probe x-ray microanalysis of thin cryosections of cells which indicates that the binding of K+ to anionic groups either carboxyl groups (HCO2) on proteins or to phosphate groups in creatine phosphate (CrP) , in adenosine triphosphate, (ATP), in protein and in nucleic acids, are the main determinants of the maintenance of (as differentiated from the generated of) the well known intra- to extracellular K+ concentration difference. The collective evidence suggests that much of cellular K+ is reduced in its mobility and in its chemical activity due to association with negative charge groups (e.g. carboxyl and phosphates). This fact forces abandonment of the misleading assumption that the majority of intracellular K+ and other inorganic ions are as free as would be expected under ideal solution conditions. This realization should have far reaching consequences toward understanding transmembrane movement of water and solutes in cells

Consumption of an omega-3 fatty acids product, INCELL AAFA™, reduced side-effects of CPT-11 (irinotecan) in mice

INCELL AAFA™, an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid product containing a high concentration of long chain fatty acids, was tested for its ability to ameliorate the harmful side effects of CPT-11 chemotherapy including: leukopenia, anaemia, asthenia, weight loss and liver involvement. Four groups of mice were fed an AIN-76 diet modified to contain: 10% w/w corn oil (CO), 0% AAFA™; 9% CO, 1% AAFA™; 8% CO, 2% AAFA™; or 7% CO, 3% AAFA™. After 2 weeks on the diets, half of the mice received CPT-11 chemotherapy (60 mg kg−1 q 4 days, i.v.) the rest of the mice received vehicle for 2 weeks. It was found that 2% AAFA™ in the diet of the CPT-11 treated mice: decreased apoptotic figures in the duodenal crypts; markedly suppressed the inflammatory eicosanoid, prostaglandin E2 in the liver; prevented liver hypertrophy; improved white blood cell counts; significantly increased red blood cell counts; decreased numbers of CPT-11 induced immature red blood cell and micronuclei in red blood cells of the peripheral blood; increased eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in liver cell membranes and maintained normal grooming behaviour. Thus 2% AAFA™ in the diet reduced the side effects of CPT-11 treatment in mice