Flotation and remediation of contaminated sludge and soil

Flotation, traditionally applied in mineralogy, has been used more recently in wastewater treatment, soil and sediment remediation and paper de-inking. The latter types of application may differ from mineral separation by the fact that the particles that should be floated are often partially hydrophobic and this will have consequences for the use of collectors and frothers. The focus is on sludge flotation because large quantities of contaminated harbor sludge or polluted soil require treatment and remediation by flotation is a potential alternative for classification. The results show that in two of the three cases studied collector addition has a negative effect