1,199 research outputs found
Vertex functions for d-wave mesons in the light-front approach
While the light-front quark model (LFQM) is employed to calculate hadronic
transition matrix elements, the vertex functions must be pre-determined. In
this work we derive the vertex functions for all d-wave states in this model.
Especially, since both of and are mesons, the Lorentz
structures of their vertex functions are the same. Thus when one needs to study
the processes where is involved, all the corresponding formulas for
states can be directly applied, only the coefficient of the vertex
function should be replaced by that for . The results would be useful
for studying the newly observed resonances which are supposed to be d-wave
mesons and furthermore the possible 2S-1D mixing in with the LFQM.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, some typos corrected and more discussions added.
Accepted by EPJ
Variations in Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Pigmentation Among Prochloron (Prochlorophyta) Symbionts in Diverse Marine Ascidians
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate and quantify chlorophylls a and b as well as major carotenoid pigments present in freeze-dried preparations of diverse Prochloron- didemnid associations and in Prochloron cells separated from host colonies. Both chlorophyll a and b were consistently observed in each association. Chlorophyll a : b ratios ranged from 4.14 to 19.71. Ratio differences reflected species differences among didemnid hosts, which proved consistent over time and space. Generally good agreement was found between ratios determined in isolated cell preparations and in symbiotic colonies (in hospite). These values are 1.5 to 5-fold higher than ratios determined in a variety of eukaryotic green plants. The carotenoids in Prochloron are quantitatively and qualitatively similar to those found in various freshwater and marine cyanophytes from high-light environments. However, Prochloron differs from most cyanophytes in the absence of myxoxanthophyll and related glycosidic carotenoids. The consistent presence of chlorophyll b and individuality in carotenoid pigmentation render Prochloron biochemically distinct from cyanophytes, despite the fact that cells of both prokaryotic groups are often found in light-saturated environments
A spatial justice study of pedestrian-friendly routes to privately owned public open space in Hong Kong
Fabrication of Microstructure Arrays on Photosensitive Glass by Femtosecond Laser
A maskless technique for the fabrication of U-shaped microstructure arrays on the surface of photosensitive glass by femtosecond laser-induced modification is developed. This technique is followed by heat treatment to crystallize the modified area, and the specimen is then placed in acid solution for chemical etching. The surface roughness of the microstructures is further improved by a secondary annealing process. The fabricated photosensitive glass is used as a mold template, and replicated plano-convex cylindrical arrays by UV-replica are also presented. The focusing ability of the microlens arrays on the glass mold and replicate is demonstrated. DOI: 10.2961/jlmn.2012.01.002
High-throughput avian molecular sexing by SYBR green-based real-time PCR combined with melting curve analysis
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Combination of <it>CHD </it>(chromo-helicase-DNA binding protein)-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with electrophoresis (PCR/electrophoresis) is the most common avian molecular sexing technique but it is lab-intensive and gel-required. Gender determination often fails when the difference in length between the PCR products of <it>CHD-Z </it>and <it>CHD-W </it>genes is too short to be resolved.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here, we are the first to introduce a PCR-melting curve analysis (PCR/MCA) to identify the gender of birds by genomic DNA, which is gel-free, quick, and inexpensive. <it>Spilornis cheela hoya </it>(<it>S. c. hoya</it>) and <it>Pycnonotus sinensis </it>(<it>P. sinensis</it>) were used to illustrate this novel molecular sexing technique. The difference in the length of <it>CHD </it>genes in <it>S. c. hoya </it>and <it>P. sinensis </it>is 13-, and 52-bp, respectively. Using Griffiths' P2/P8 primers, molecular sexing failed both in PCR/electrophoresis of <it>S. c. hoya </it>and in PCR/MCA of <it>S. c. hoya </it>and <it>P. sinensis</it>. In contrast, we redesigned sex-specific primers to yield 185- and 112-bp PCR products for the <it>CHD-Z </it>and <it>CHD-W </it>genes of <it>S. c. hoya</it>, respectively, using PCR/MCA. Using this specific primer set, at least 13 samples of <it>S. c. hoya </it>were examined simultaneously and the Tm peaks of <it>CHD-Z </it>and <it>CHD-W </it>PCR products were distinguished.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this study, we introduced a high-throughput avian molecular sexing technique and successfully applied it to two species. This new method holds a great potential for use in high throughput sexing of other avian species, as well.</p
Charmless Three-Body Baryonic B Decays
Motivated by recent data on B-> p pbar K decay, we study various charmless
three-body baryonic B decay modes, including Lambda pbar pi, Sigma0 pbar pi, p
pbar pi, p pbar Kbar0, in a factorization approach. These modes have rates of
order 10^{-6}. There are two mechanisms for the baryon pair production,
current-produced and transition. The behavior of decay spectra from these
baryon production mechanisms can be understood by using QCD counting rules.
Predictions on rates and decay spectra can be checked in the near future.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures; version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Bonding in MgSi and AlMgSi Compounds Relevant to AlMgSi Alloys
The bonding and stability of MgSi and AlMgSi compounds relevant to AlMgSi
alloys is investigated with the use of (L)APW+(lo) DFT calculations. We show
that the and phases found in the precipitation sequence are
characterised by the presence of covalent bonds between Si-Si nearest neighbour
pairs and covalent/ionic bonds between Mg-Si nearest neighbour pairs. We then
investigate the stability of two recently discovered precipitate phases, U1 and
U2, both containing Al in addition to Mg and Si. We show that both phases are
characterised by tightly bound Al-Si networks, made possible by a transfer of
charge from the Mg atoms.Comment: 11 pages, 30 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Study on the effects of the light CP-odd Higgs via the leptonic decays of pseudoscalar mesons
To explain the anomalously large decay rate of , it
was proposed that a new mechanism where a light CP-odd pseudoscalar boson of
MeV makes a crucial contribution. Later, some authors have
studied the transition and in
terms of the same mechanism and their result indicates that with the suggested
mass one cannot fit the data. This discrepancy might be caused by experimental
error of because there were only a few events.
Whether the mechanism is a reasonable one motivates us to investigate the
transitions within the same framework. It is noted that
for , the standard model (SM) prediction is smaller than the
data, whereas the experimental central value of is also
above the SM prediction. It means that there should be extra contributions from
other mechanisms and the contribution of may be a possible one.
Theoretically calculating the branching ratios of the concerned modes, we would
check if we can obtain a universal mass for which reconcile the
theoretical predictions and data for all the modes. Unfortunately, we find that
it is impossible to have such a mass with the same coupling .
Therefore we conclude that the phenomenology does not favor such a light
, even though a small window is still open.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures, 2 table
Magnetic reversal processes and critical thickness in FePt/{\alpha}-Fe/FePt trilayers
Magnetic reversal processes of a FePt/{\alpha}-Fe/FePt trilayer system with
in-plane easy axes have been investigated within a micromagnetic approach. It
is found that the magnetic reversal process consists of three steps: nucleation
of a prototype of domain wall in the soft phase, the evolution as well as the
motion of the domain wall from the soft to the hard phase and finally, the
magnetic reversal of the hard phase. For small soft layer thickness Ls, the
three steps are reduced to one single step, where the magnetizations in the two
phases reverse simultaneously and the hysteresis loops are square with
nucleation as the coercivity mechanism. As Ls increases, both nucleation and
pinning fields decrease. In the meantime, the single-step reversal expands to a
standard three-step one and the coercivity mechanism changes from nucleation to
pinning. The critical thickness where the coercivity mechanism alters, could be
derived analytically, which is found to be inversely proportional to the square
root of the crystalline anisotropy of the hard phase. Further increase of Ls
leads to the change of the coercivity mechanism from pinning to nucleation.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, pdf file, figures include
- âŠ