G factor of the 59/2 - isomer in Gd147

The g factor of the 10 995 keV, Je=(59/2-, and T1/2=0.8 ns level in Gd147 has been determined by the transient field method for ions recoiling through a magnetized Gd foil at a temperature of 100 K. The Ge76(76Ge,5n)147Gd reaction at E(76Ge)=310 MeV was used to provide high recoil velocity. A 100 ps flight time in vacuum between the target and the ferromagnet of 100 ps ensured that the -ray cascades fed the (59/2 level before the recoil ions traversed the Gd foil. The g factor was extracted from standard double ratios with the known parametrization of the transient field, yielding g=0.38(7). This value is in agreement with the predicted wave function and experimental single-particle moments in this mass region. Results for levels in 146,148Gd were also obtained

Personalizing Breast Cancer Screening Based on Polygenic Risk and Family History

_Background:_ We assessed the clinical utility of a first-degree breast cancer family history and polygenic risk score (PRS) to inform screening decisions among women aged 30-50 years. _Methods:_ Two established breast cancer models evaluated digital mammography screening strategies in the 1985 US birth cohort by risk groups defined by family history and PRS based on 313 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Strategies varied in initiation age and interval. The benefits and harms were compared with those seen with 3 established screening guidelines. _Results:_ Women with a breast cancer family history who initiated biennial screening at age 40 years had a 36% increase in life-years gained and 20% more breast cancer deaths averted, but 21% more overdiagnoses and 63% more false positives. Screening tailored to PRS vs biennial screening from50 to 74 years had smaller positive effects on life-years gained and breast cancer deaths averted but also smaller increases in overdiagnoses and false positives. Combined use of family history and PRS vs biennial screening from 50 to 74 years had the greatest increase in life-years gained and breast cancer deaths averted. _Conclusions:_ Our results suggest that breast cancer family history and PRS could guide screening decisions before age 50 years among women at increased risk for breast cancer but expected increases in overdiagnoses and false positives should be expected

Observation of excited states in the near-drip-line nucleus 125Pr

High-spin states have been observed in the near-drip-line nucleus 125Pr following the reaction 64Zn(64Zn, p2n). The detection of charged particles and neutrons evaporated from the compound system, along with the M/q of the recoiling nucleus, have allowed the identification of excited states in 125Pr and the unambiguous assignment of five rotational structures to this nucleus. This is the most neutron-deficient Pr isotope in which excited states have been observed. The strongest band is identified as the h11/2 single-quasiproton configuration, and is observed to a maximum spin of I = (67/2hℏ). Another structure is interpreted as the g9/2 proton hole state, which is associated with bands of enhanced deformation observed in several nuclei in this mass region. These two bands are compared with analogous bands in the heavier odd-A Pr isotopes and changes in deformation are discussed

Core-excited smoothly terminating band in 114Xe

High-spin states have been studied in neutron-deficient 54114Xe, populated through the 58Ni(58Ni,2p) fusion-evaporation reaction at 230 MeV. The Gammasphere γ-ray spectrometer has been used in conjunction with the Microball charged-particle detector in order to select evaporation residues of interest. The yrast band has been greatly extended to a tentative spin of 52hℏ and shows features consistent with smooth band termination. This band represents the first evidence for a core-excited (six-particle, two-hole) proton configuration above Z = 53

Breakdown of K selection in Hf178

Coulomb activation of the four quasiparticle Kπ=16+ Hf178 isomer (t1/2=31y) has led to the measurement of a set of Eλ matrix elements coupling the isomer band to the ground band. The present data combined with earlier Hf178 Coulomb excitation data have probed the K components in the wave functions and revealed the onset and saturation of K mixing in low-K bands, whereas the mixing is negligible in the high-K bands. The implications can be applied to other quadrupole-deformed nuclei

Spin dependence of K mixing, strong configuration mixing, and electromagnetic properties of Hf178

The combined data of two Coulomb excitation experiments has verified the purely electromagnetic population of the Kπ=4+,6+,8-, and 16+ rotational bands in Hf178 via 2≤ν≤14 K-forbidden transitions, quantifying the breakdown of the K-selection rule with increasing spin in the low-K bands. The γ-, 4+, and 6+ bands were extended, and four new states in a rotational band were tentatively assigned to a previously known Kπ=0+ band. The quasiparticle structure of the 6+ (t12=77 ns) and 8- (t12=4 s) isomer bands were evaluated, showing that the gyromagnetic ratios of the 6+ isomer band are consistent with a pure π72+[404],π52+[402] structure. The 8- isomer band at 1147 keV and the second 8- band at 1479 keV, thought to be predominantly ν72-[514],ν92+[624] and π92-[514],π72+[404], respectively, are mixed to a degree approaching the strong-mixing limit. Based on measured Kπ=16+ E2 Kπ=0+ matrix elements, it was shown that heavy-ion bombardment could depopulate the 16+ isomer at the ~1% level, although no states were found that would mediate photodeexcitation of the isomer via low-energy x-ray absorption

In-beam γ -ray spectroscopy studies of medium-spin states in the odd-odd nucleus Re 186

Excited states in Re186 with spins up to J=12 were investigated in two separate experiments using W186(d,2n) reactions at beam energies of 12.5 and 14.5 MeV. Two- and threefold γ-ray coincidence data were collected using the CAESAR and CAGRA spectrometers, respectively, each composed of Compton-suppressed high-purity germanium detectors. Analysis of the data revealed rotational bands built on several two-quasiparticle intrinsic states, including a long-lived Kπ=(8+) isomer. Configuration assignments were supported by an analysis of in-band properties, such as gK-gR values. The excitation energies of the observed intrinsic states were compared with results from multi-quasiparticle blocking calculations, based on the Lipkin-Nogami pairing approach, that included contributions from the residual proton-neutron interactions