Study on N-NH4+ removal from underground water by MBBR case study in Bach Khoa Ward, Hanoi, Vietnam

Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) using porous carrier plastic material, Polyurethane (DHY-1) which has high porosity 92% -96%, has been researched and applied in many water treatment systems. The advantage of the material is that it has high surface area of about 6,000-12,000m2/m3 thereby increasing the density of biomass. In this research, they were tried to treat ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4+) in the ground water. It was found that the treatment efficiency was more than 90% with N-NH4+ concentration of 10-12mg/l. Different densities of carrier materials as well as different influent flow rates have significant impacts on the removal efficiency. The study showed that treatment capacity decreased with high influent flow rate while increased with high density of carrier materials

Design and implementation of an in-vehicle human state estimator: real-time human kinematics estimation based on an active multibody human model

This report presents a project about the feasibility study of developing a real-time in-vehicle human state estimator that identify occupant kinematics in pre-crash scenarios. The report starts by stating the background on road safety and the motivation of developing the estimator. It is predicted by simulation with a commercial modeling package that the occupant pose before a crash has a significant influence on injury level as a result of the crash. The injury level can be reduced by 35 % by optimizing the occupant posture. The development of the estimator follows an iterative system engineering approach using V-model. A list of stakeholder was identified, and customer requirements were collected. After that, the conceptual design was performed; the design includes system analysis, scenarios, system views, and requirements analysis. Then a human model is adapted to present an adult male driver. The estimator, which is intended to be applied in pre-crash braking, is designed in Simulink and implemented in a dSPACE setup. The estimator design is verified in a virtual environment and a real life environment. The report concludes by mentioning conclusions, recommendations, and the project management activities of the project

Design and implementation of an in-vehicle human state estimator:real-time human kinematics estimation based on an active multibody human model

This report presents a project about the feasibility study of developing a real-time in-vehicle human state estimator that identify occupant kinematics in pre-crash scenarios. The report starts by stating the background on road safety and the motivation of developing the estimator.It is predicted by simulation with a commercial modeling package that the occupant pose before a crash has a significant influence on injury level as a result of the crash. The injury level can be reduced by 35 % by optimizing the occupant posture. The development of the estimator follows an iterative system engineering approach using V-model. A list of stakeholder was identified, and customer requirements were collected. After that, the conceptual design was performed; the design includes system analysis, scenarios, system views, and requirements analysis. Then a human model is adapted to present an adult male driver. The estimator, which is intended to be applied in pre-crash braking, is designed in Simulink and implemented in a dSPACE setup. The estimator design is verified in a virtual environment and a real life environment. The report concludes by mentioning conclusions, recommendations, and the project management activities of the project

Friedolanostane, friedocycloartane and benzophenone constituents of the bark and leaves of Garcinia benthami

Friedolanostanes, (22Z,24E)-3 beta-acetoxy-9 alpha-hydroxy-17,14-friedolanosta-14,22,24-trien-26-oic acid, (22Z,24E)-3 beta,9 alpha-dihydroxy-17,14-friedolanosta-14,22,24-trien-26-oic acid, (22Z,24E)-9 alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-17,14-friedolanosta-14,22,24-trien-26-oic acid, a friedocycloartane, (22Z,24E)-3 alpha-hydroxy-17,13-friedocycloarta-12,22,24-trien-26-oic acid, and a benzophenone, benthaphenone, together with known compounds (22Z,24E)-3 alpha,9 alpha-dihydroxy-17,13-friedolanosta-12,22,24-trien-26-oic acid, methyl (24E)-3 alpha,23-dihydroxy-17,14-friedolanosta-8,14,24-trien-26-oate, glutinol, lupeol, and stigmasterol, were isolated from leaves and bark of Garcinia benthami. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques, mainly 1-D and 2-D NMR spectroscopy, and chemical correlations

The Role of Chloride ion in the Silicate Condensation Reaction from ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations

The comprehension of silicate oligomer formation during the initial stage of zeolite synthesis is of significant importance. In this study, we investigated the effect of chloride ions (Cl-) on silicate oligomerization using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations with explicit water molecules. The results show that the presence of Cl- increases the free energy barriers of all reactions compared to the case without the anion. The formation of the 4-ring structure has the lowest free energy barrier (73 kJ/mol), while the formation of the 3-ring structure has the highest barrier (98 kJ/mol) in the presence of Cl-. These findings suggest that Cl- suppresses the formation of 3-rings and favors the formation of larger oligomers in the process of zeolite synthesis. Our study provides important insights into the directing role of Cl- in silicate oligomerization by regulating thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. An important point to consider is the impact of the anion on aqueous reactions, particularly in altering the hydrogen bond network around reactive species. These results also provide a basis for further studies of the formations of larger silicate oligomers in solution.</p

InMotion hybrid racecar : F1 performance with LeMans endurance

Purpose : – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that using advanced powertrain technologies can help outperform the state of the art in F1 and LeMans motor racing. By a careful choice and sizing of powertrain components coupled with an optimal energy management strategy, the conflicting requirements of high-performance and high-energy savings can be achieved. Design/methodology/approach : – Five main steps were performed. First, definition of requirements: basic performance requirements were defined based on research on the capabilities of Formula 1 race cars. Second, drive cycle generation: a drive cycle was created using these performance requirements as well as other necessary inputs such as the track layout of Circuit de la Sarthe, the drag coefficient, the tire specifications, and the mass of the vehicle. Third, selection of technology: the drive cycle was used to model the power requirements from the powertrain components of the series-hybrid topology. Fourth, lap time sensitivity analysis: the impact of certain design decisions on lap time was determined by the lap time sensitivity analysis. Fifth, modeling and optimization: the design involved building the optimal energy management strategy and comparing the performance of different powertrain component sizings. Findings : – Five different powertrain configurations were presented, and several tradeoffs between lap time and different parameters were discussed. The results showed that the fastest achievable lap time using the proposed configurations was 3¿min 9¿s. It was concluded that several car and component parameters have to be improved to decrease this lap time to the required 2¿min 45¿s, which is required to outperform F1 on LeMans. Originality/value : – This research shows the capabilities of advanced hybrid powertrain components and energy management strategies in motorsports, both in terms of performance and energy savings. The important factors affecting the performance of such a hybrid race car have been highlighted

InMotion hybrid racecar: F1 performance with LeMans endurance

This paper presents the design of a hybrid electric powertrain for the InMotion IM01 race car. InMotion is a multidisciplinary project group of experienced master students, PhD students, and professors. The authors of this paper were involved in the project to develop a suitable powertrain architecture for use in the IM01 series hybrid race car. The most important requirements were to achieve a lap time of below 2 min 45 s on the Circuit de la Sarthe, and to have a durability, efficiency, cornering speed, and acceleration that exceeds Formula 1 race cars. Data provided from InMotion included design restrictions, a simplified drive cycle, and technical data of some components. This data was analyzed and the required powertrain component sizes were determined. A detailed drive cycle calculation and sensitivity analysis were introduced to find the variables that significantly influence the lap time. The powertrain was modeled using the backwards modeling approach. Finally, five different powertrain configurations were presented, and several tradeoffs between lap time and different parameters were discussed. The results showed that the fastest achievable lap time using the proposed configurations was 3 min 9 s. It was concluded that several car and component parameters have to be improved to decrease this lap time to the required 2 min 45 s. Recommendations for future work to achieve this were addressed

InMotion: Hybrid race car, beating F1 at LeMans

This paper presents the design of a hybrid electric powertrain for the InMotion IM01 race car. InMotion is a multidisciplinary project group of experienced master students, PhD students, and professors from Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e). The authors of this paper were involved in the project to develop a suitable powertrain architecture for use in the IM01 series hybrid race car. The most important requirements were to achieve a lap time of below 2 min 45 s on the Circuit de la Sarthe, and to have a durability, efficiency, cornering speed, and acceleration that exceeds Formula 1 race cars. Data provided from InMotion included design restrictions, a simplified drive cycle, and technical data of some components. This data was analyzed and the required powertrain component sizes were determined. A detailed drive cycle calculation and sensitivity analysis were introduced to find the variables that significantly influence the lap time. The powertrain was modeled using the backwards approach and an energy management strategy was designed with the objective of minimizing fuel consumption. Finally, five different powertrain configurations were presented, and several tradeoffs between lap time and different parameters were discussed. The results showed that the fastest achievable lap time using the proposed configurations was 3 min 9 s. It was concluded that several car and component parameters have to be improved to decrease this lap time to the required 2 min 45 s. Recommendations for future work to achieve this were addressed

Discussions in contemporary culture

Public address, critical practices and representation are the topics guiding these open-forum discussions held at the Dia Art Foundation in 1987 to promote public access to intellectual work-in progress. Cicra 40 bibl. ref