Energy Modelling to Evaluate the Thermal Regulation of Aquaculture Raceways using Geothermal Heat Exchange

Raceways are used in the aquaculture industry to farm fish species that swim against an upstream current. Raceways often draw water from a large waterbody and hence, their temperature changes due to seasonal variation, which directly affect the production yield. This study investigates a novel approach to regulate the raceway water temperature in a sustainable way by utilizing geothermal energy exchange. Energy models were developed to simulate heat transfer in a geothermal borehole heat exchange system and in the raceway system. The two models were then coupled to simulate the thermal regulation of the raceway water via borehole heat exchangers. Results demonstrated that a raceway can be thermally regulated via a geothermal borehole system. The raceway temperatures, in some sites, were found to increase by up to 200% in winter months and decease by up to 17% in summer months, and consequently, increased the duration of optimal raceway temperature range by 100%-400% for some fish species

Large-scale unit commitment under uncertainty: an updated literature survey

The Unit Commitment problem in energy management aims at finding the optimal production schedule of a set of generation units, while meeting various system-wide constraints. It has always been a large-scale, non-convex, difficult problem, especially in view of the fact that, due to operational requirements, it has to be solved in an unreasonably small time for its size. Recently, growing renewable energy shares have strongly increased the level of uncertainty in the system, making the (ideal) Unit Commitment model a large-scale, non-convex and uncertain (stochastic, robust, chance-constrained) program. We provide a survey of the literature on methods for the Uncertain Unit Commitment problem, in all its variants. We start with a review of the main contributions on solution methods for the deterministic versions of the problem, focussing on those based on mathematical programming techniques that are more relevant for the uncertain versions of the problem. We then present and categorize the approaches to the latter, while providing entry points to the relevant literature on optimization under uncertainty. This is an updated version of the paper "Large-scale Unit Commitment under uncertainty: a literature survey" that appeared in 4OR 13(2), 115--171 (2015); this version has over 170 more citations, most of which appeared in the last three years, proving how fast the literature on uncertain Unit Commitment evolves, and therefore the interest in this subject

Segmentation of axonal fibres in tissue slices

This work focuses on the segmentation of axonal structures in digital images of organotypic slice co-cultures. An image processing chain is presented, which relies on anisotropic diffusion for preprocessing of the images and the intelligent scissors method for segmentation. This method requires manual user interaction to set the starting points. To overcome this drawback, the initial parameters for the intelligent scissors are automatically extracted from the images by a graph-based approach

Fluktuationssensor IFP-R, Bestandteil des Plasmawellen- und Magnetfeldanalysators APW-R der RELIKT-2 Mission zur Erforschung von Sonnenwind und entferntem Magnetosphaerenschweif der Erde Schlussbericht

Relikt-2 is a russian astronomical satellite. Its main task is measuring of the anisotropy of the cosmic background radiation. 1999/2000 it will be launched into a halo orbit around the Lagrange point. Beside it's main task, plasma devices on board should allow basic research investigations of the physics of hot plasma under the conditions of the far tail. Interactions of the particles with plasma fluctuations instead of Coulomb forces characterize the transport properties, reconnection, heating, and acceleration. The fluctuation sensor IFP-R as a part of the plasma and magnetic field analyser APW-R is specially designed to investigate these processes. Its hardware is improved compared to the precursor model IFPE (INTERBALL-1). Due to the limited payload, ion sensors will be used only. The development of the hardware has been advanced to ordering the production of the electronic box. The concept of IFP-R was reworked with the experiences with IFPE on INTERBALL-1. Due to the fact that the launch didn't take place up to now, beside the hardware production, mainly methodical and preparatory work has been done mainly. A contract about the development and delivery of decommutation software was signed with the IKI Moscow. Newly developed processing software and russian decommutation programs were tested with INTERBALL-1 and PROGNOZ-8 data. Model calculations were carried out for optimization of device parameters. Measuring ranges were estimated by kinetic and MHD simulations. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(64,5) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany); Deutsche Agentur fuer Raumfahrtangelegenheiten (DARA) GmbH, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman