A double bounded key identity for Goellnitz's (big) partition theorem

Given integers i,j,k,L,M, we establish a new double bounded q-series identity from which the three parameter (i,j,k) key identity of Alladi-Andrews-Gordon for Goellnitz's (big) theorem follows if L, M tend to infinity. When L = M, the identity yields a strong refinement of Goellnitz's theorem with a bound on the parts given by L. This is the first time a bounded version of Goellnitz's (big) theorem has been proved. This leads to new bounded versions of Jacobi's triple product identity for theta functions and other fundamental identities.Comment: 17 pages, to appear in Proceedings of Gainesville 1999 Conference on Symbolic Computation

The Design for a Nanoscale Single-Photon Spin Splitter

We propose using the effective spin-orbit interaction of light in Bragg-modulated cylindrical waveguides for the effcient separation of spin-up and spin-down photons emitted by a single photon emitter. Due to the spin and directional dependence of photonic stopbands in the waveguides, spin-up (down) photon propagation in the negative (positive) direction along the waveguide axis is blocked while the same photon freely propagates in the opposite direction.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Bogoliubov Hamiltonian as Derivative of Dirac Hamiltonian via Braid Relation

In this paper we discuss a new type of 4-dimensional representation of the braid group. The matrices of braid operations are constructed by q-deformation of Hamiltonians. One is the Dirac Hamiltonian for free electron with mass m, the other, which we find, is related to the Bogoliubov Hamiltonian for quasiparticles in $^3$He-B with the same free energy and mass being m/2. In the process, we choose the free q-deformation parameter as a special value in order to be consistent with the anyon description for fractional quantum Hall effect with $\nu = 1/2$.Comment: 3 pages, 5 figure

Relating Quantum Information to Charged Black Holes

Quantum non-cloning theorem and a thought experiment are discussed for charged black holes whose global structure exhibits an event and a Cauchy horizon. We take Reissner-Norstr\"{o}m black holes and two-dimensional dilaton black holes as concrete examples. The results show that the quantum non-cloning theorem and the black hole complementarity are far from consistent inside the inner horizon. The relevance of this work to non-local measurements is briefly discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure

First High Contrast Imaging Using a Gaussian Aperture Pupil Mask

Placing a pupil mask with a gaussian aperture into the optical train of current telescopes represents a way to attain high contrast imaging that potentially improves contrast by orders of magnitude compared to current techniques. We present here the first observations ever using a gaussian aperture pupil mask (GAPM) on the Penn State near-IR Imager and Spectrograph (PIRIS) at the Mt. Wilson 100$^{\prime\prime}$ telescope. Two nearby stars were observed, $\epsilon$ Eridani and $\mu$ Her A. A faint companion was detected around $\mu$ Her A, confirming it as a proper motion companion. Furthermore, the observed H and K magnitudes of the companion were used to constrain its nature. No companions or faint structure were observed for $\epsilon$ Eridani. We found that our observations with the GAPM achieved contrast levels similar to our coronographic images, without blocking light from the central star. The mask's performance also nearly reached sensitivities reported for other ground based adaptive optics coronographs and deep HST images, but did not reach theoretically predicted contrast levels. We outline ways that could improve the performance of the GAPM by an order of magnitude or more.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ letter

Coverage dependence of the 1-propanol adsorption on the Si(001) surface and fragmentation dynamics

The geometric, electronic, energetic, and dynamic properties of 1-propanol adsorbed on the Si(001)-2x1 surface are studied from first principles by use of a slab approach. The 1-propanol molecule initially interacts with the Si surface through formation of a dative bond, subsequently the physisorbed 1-propanol molecule reacts with the surface by cleavage of the O-H bond, and the Si(001)-2x1 surface undergoes further reconstruction as a result of the adsorption of the organic species. The band structure and density of states (DOS) are first analyzed for this system. The band gap of the Si/1-propanol film increases as the coverage level is enhanced. Good agreement is found with available experimental data.Comment: 29 pages, 15 figures, 8 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Ozone Inhalation Attenuated the Effects of Budesonide on Aspergillus fumigatus-Induced Airway Inflammation and Hyperreactivity in Mice.

Inhaled glucocorticoids form the mainstay of asthma treatment because of their anti-inflammatory effects in the lung. Exposure to the air pollutant ozone (O3) exacerbates chronic airways disease. We and others showed that presence of the epithelial-derived surfactant protein-D (SP-D) is important in immunoprotection against inflammatory changes including those induced by O3 inhalation in the airways. SP-D synthesis requires glucocorticoids. We hypothesized here that O3 exposure impairs glucocorticoid responsiveness (including SP-D production) in allergic airway inflammation. The effects of O3 inhalation and glucocorticoid treatment were studied in a mouse model of allergic asthma induced by sensitization and challenge with Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) in vivo. The role of O3 and glucocorticoids in regulation of SP-D expression was investigated in A549 and primary human type II alveolar epithelial cells in vitro. Budesonide inhibited airway hyperreactivity, eosinophil counts in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and CCL11, IL-13, and IL-23p19 release in the BAL of mice sensitized and challenged with Af (p < 0.05). The inhibitory effects of budesonide were attenuated on inflammatory changes and were completely abolished on airway hyperreactivity after O3 exposure of mice sensitized and challenged with Af. O3 stimulated release of pro-neutrophilic mediators including CCL20 and IL-6 into the airways and impaired the inhibitory effects of budesonide on CCL11, IL-13 and IL-23. O3 also prevented budesonide-induced release of the immunoprotective lung collectin SP-D into the airways of allergen-challenged mice. O3 had a bi-phasic direct effect with early (<12 h) inhibition and late (>48 h) activation of SP-D mRNA (sftpd) in vitro. Dexamethasone and budesonide induced sftpd transcription and translation in human type II alveolar epithelial cells in a glucocorticoid receptor and STAT3 (an IL-6 responsive transcription factor) dependent manner. Our study indicates that O3 exposure counteracts the effects of budesonide on airway inflammation, airway hyperreactivity, and SP-D production. We speculate that impairment of SP-D expression may contribute to the acute O3-induced airway inflammation. Asthmatics exposed to high ambient O3 levels may become less responsive to glucocorticoid treatment during acute exacerbations

Shear viscosity, instability and the upper bound of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant

We compute the dimensionality dependence of $\eta/s$ for charged black branes with Gauss-Bonnet correction. We find that both causality and stability constrain the value of Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant to be bounded by 1/4 in the infinite dimensionality limit. We further show that higher dimensionality stabilize the gravitational perturbation. The stabilization of the perturbation in higher dimensional space-time is a straightforward consequence of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant bound.Comment: 16 pages,3 figures+3 tables,typos corrected, published versio