991 research outputs found
Evidence for Color Fluctuations in Hadrons from Coherent Nuclear Diffraction}
A QCD-based treatment of projectile size fluctuations is used to compute
inelastic diffractive cross sections for coherent
hadron-nuclear processes. We find that fluctuations near the average size give
the major contribution to the cross section with contribution
from small size configurations.
The computed values of are consistent with the limited
available data. The importance of coherent diffraction studies for a wide range
of projectiles for high energy Fermilab fixed target experiments is emphasized.
The implications of these significant color fluctuations for relativistic heavy
ion collisions are discussed.Comment: Report number DOE/ER 40427-13-N93 11 pages, 3 figures available from
author Mille
When is an alternative possibility robust?
According to some, free will requires alternative possibilities. But not any old alternative possibility will do. Sometimes, being able to bring about an alternative does not bestow any control on an agent. In order to bestow control, and so be directly relevant qua alternative to grounding the agent's moral responsibility, alternatives need to be robust. Here, I investigate the nature of robust alternatives. I argue that Derk Pereboom's latest robustness criterion is too strong, and I suggest a different criterion based on the idea that what agents need to be able to do is keep open the possibility of securing their blamelessness, rather than needing to directly ensure their own blamelessness at the time of decision
J/\Psi production, polarization and Color Fluctuations
The hard contributions to the heavy quarkonium-nucleon cross sections are
calculated based on the QCD factorization theorem and the nonrelativistic
quarkonium model. We evaluate the nonperturbative part of these cross sections
which dominates at GeV at the Cern Super Proton
Synchrotron (SPS) and becomes a correction at TeV at
the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). \J production at the CERN SPS is well
described by hard QCD, when the larger absorption cross sections of the
states predicted by QCD are taken into account. We predict an -dependent
polarization of the states. The expansion of small wave packets is
discussed.Comment: 13 pages REVTEX, 1 table, 2 PostScript, corrected some typo
Coulomb induced diffraction of energetic hadrons into jets
The electromagnetic (e.m.) current conservation and renormalizability of QCD
are used to calculate the amplitude of energetic hadron(photon) diffraction
into several jets with large relative transverse momenta off the
nucleon(nucleus) Coulomb field. Numerical estimates of the ratio of e.m. and
strong amplitudes show that within the kinematic range where the leading twist
approximation for the strong amplitude is applicable, the e.m. contribution can
be neglected. In pA scattering at LHC and in the fragmentation of a photon into
two jets in ultraperipheral AA collisions in the black limit (which maybe
realistic at LHC) e.m. contribution may win.Comment: 10 page
Color Transparency Effects in Electron Deuteron Interactions at Intermediate Q^2
High momentum transfer electrodisintegration of polarized and unpolarized
deuterium targets, is studied. We show that the importance of final
state interactions-FSI, occuring when a knocked out nucleon interacts with the
other nucleon, depends strongly on the momentum of the spectator nucleon. In
particular, these FSI occur when the essential contributions to the scattering
amplitude arise from internucleon distances . But the absorption
of the high momentum may produce a point like configuration, which
evolves with time. In this case, the final state interactions probe the point
like configuration at the early stage of its evolution. The result is that
significant color transparency effects, which can either enhance or suppress
computed cross sections, are predicted to occur for .Comment: 37 pages LaTex, 12 uuencoded PostScript Figures as separate file, to
be published in Z.Phys.
Coherent QCD phenomena in the Coherent Pion-Nucleon and Pion-Nucleus Production of Two Jets at High Relative Momenta
We use QCD to compute the cross section for coherent production of a di-jet
(treated as a moving at high relative transverse momentum,). In the target rest frame,the space-time evolution of this reaction is
dominated by the process in which the high component of
the pion wave function is formed before reaching the target. It then interacts
through two gluon exchange. In the approximation of keeping the leading order
in powers of and all orders in
the amplitudes for other processes are
shown to be smaller at least by a power of . The resulting dominant
amplitude is proportional to ( is the fraction
light-cone(+)momentum carried by the quark in the final state) times the skewed
gluon distribution of the target. For the pion scattering by a nuclear target,
this means that at fixed (but ) the nuclear process in which there is only a single interaction is the
most important one to contribute to the reaction. Thus in this limit color
transparency phenomena should occur.These findings are in accord with E971
experiment at FNAL. We also re-examine a potentially important nuclear multiple
scattering correction which is positive and . The
meaning of the signal obtained from the experimental measurement of pion
diffraction into two jets is also critically examined and significant
corrections are identified.We show also that for values of achieved
at fixed target energies, di-jet production by the e.m. field of the nucleus
leads to an insignificant correction which gets more important as
increases.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figure
Taking the self out of self-rule
Many philosophers believe that agents are self-ruled only when ruled by their (authentic) selves. Though this view is rarely argued for explicitly, one tempting line of thought suggests that self-rule is just obviously equivalent to rule by the self. However, the plausibility of this thought evaporates upon close examination of the logic of ‘self-rule’ and similar reflexives. Moreover, attempts to rescue the account by recasting it in negative terms are unpromising. In light of these problems, this paper instead proposes that agents are self-ruled only when not ruled by others. One reason for favouring this negative social view is its ability to yield plausible conclusions concerning various manipulation cases that are notoriously problematic for nonsocial accounts of self-rule. A second reason is that the account conforms with ordinary usage. It is concluded that self-rule may be best thought of as an essentially social concept
The colour dipole approach to small-x processes
We explain why it is possible to formulate a wide variety of high energy
(small-x) photon-proton processes in terms of a universal dipole cross section
and compare and contrast various parameterizations of this function that exist
in the literature.Comment: 6 pages, latex, 2 figures. Contribution to Durham Collider Workshop
(Sept 99) proceeding
Dijet production as a centrality trigger for p-p collisions at CERN LHC
We demonstrate that a trigger on hard dijet production at small rapidities
allows to establish a quantitative distinction between central and peripheral
collisions in pbar-p and p-p collisions at Tevatron and LHC energies. Such a
trigger strongly reduces the effective impact parameters as compared to minimum
bias events. This happens because the transverse spatial distribution of hard
partons (x >~ 10^{-2}) in the proton is considerably narrower than that of soft
partons, whose collisions dominate the total cross section. In the central
collisions selected by the trigger, most of the partons with x >~ 10^{-2}
interact with a gluon field whose strength rapidly increases with energy. At
LHC (and to some extent already at Tevatron) energies the strength of this
interaction approaches the unitarity ('black-body') limit. This leads to
specific modifications of the final state, such as a higher probability of
multijet events at small rapidities, a strong increase of the transverse
momenta and depletion of the longitudinal momenta at large rapidities, and the
appearance of long-range correlations in rapidity between the forward/backward
fragmentation regions. The same pattern is expected for events with production
of new heavy particles (Higgs, SUSY). Studies of these phenomena would be
feasible with the CMS-TOTEM detector setup, and would have considerable impact
on the exploration of the physics of strong gluon fields in QCD, as well as the
search for new particles at LHC.Comment: 17 pages, Revtex 4, 14 EPS figures. Expanded discussion of some
points, added 3 new figures and new references. Included comment on
connection with cosmic ray physics near the GZK cutoff. To appear in Phys Rev
Probing coherent charmonium photoproduction off light nuclei at medium energies
We demonstrate how the elementary amplitudes , the
amplitude of the nondiagonal transition, and
the total and cross sections can be determined from
measurements of the coherent and photoproduction off light
nuclei at moderate energies. For this purpose we provide a detailed numerical
analysis of the coherent charmonium photoproduction off silicon within the
generalized vector dominance model (GVDM) adjusted to account for the physics
of charmonium models and color transparency phenomenon.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures (color
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