Topology of Entanglement in Multipartite States with Translational Invariance

The topology of entanglement in multipartite states with translational invariance is discussed in this article. Two global features are foundby which one can distinguish distinct states. These are the cyclic unit and the quantised geometric phase. Furthermore the topology is indicated by the fractional spin. Finally a scheme is presented for preparation of these types of states in spin chain systems, in which the degeneracy of the energy levels characterises the robustness of the states with translational invariance.Comment: major revision. accepted by EPJ

Effects of uncertainties and errors on Lyapunov control

Lyapunov control (open-loop) is often confronted with uncertainties and errors in practical applications. In this paper, we analyze the robustness of Lyapunov control against the uncertainties and errors in quantum control systems. The analysis is carried out through examinations of uncertainties and errors, calculations of the control fidelity under influences of the certainties and errors, as well as discussions on the caused effects. Two examples, a closed control system and an open control system, are presented to illustrate the general formulism.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Using schema transformation pathways for data lineage tracing

With the increasing amount and diversity of information available on the Internet, there has been a huge growth in information systems that need to integrate data from distributed, heterogeneous data sources. Tracing the lineage of the integrated data is one of the problems being addressed in data warehousing research. This paper presents a data lineage tracing approach based on schema transformation pathways. Our approach is not limited to one specific data model or query language, and would be useful in any data transformation/integration framework based on sequences of primitive schema transformations

Carrier Sense Random Packet CDMA Protocol in Dual-Channel Networks

Code resource wastage is caused by the reason that many hopping frequency (FH) sequences are unused, which occurs under the condition that the number of the actual subnets needed for the tactical network is far smaller than the networking capacity of code division net¬working. Dual-channel network (DCN), consisting of one single control channel and multiple data channels, can solve the code resource wastage effectively. To improve the anti-jamming capability of the control channel of DCN, code division multiple access (CDMA) technology was introduced, and a carrier sense random packet (CSRP) CDMA protocol based on random packet CDMA (RP-CDMA) was proposed. In CSRP-CDMA, we provide a carrier sensing random packet mechanism and a packet-segment acknowledgement policy. Furthermore, an analytical model was developed to evaluate the performance of CSRP-CDMA networks. In this model, the impacts of multi-access interference from both inter-clusters and intra-clusters were analyzed, and the mathematical expressions of packet transmission success probability, normalized network throughput and signal interference to noise ratio, were also derived. Analytical and simulation results demonstrate that the normalized network throughput of CSRP-CDMA outperforms traditional RP-CDMA by 10%, which can guarantee the resource utilization efficiency of the control channel in DCNs

Berry's phase with quantized field driving: effects of inter-subsystem coupling

The effect of inter-subsystem couplings on the Berry phase of a composite system as well as that of its subsystem is investigated in this paper. We analyze two coupled spin-$\frac 1 2$ particles with one driven by a quantized field as an example, the pure state geometric phase of the composite system as well as the mixed state geometric phase for the subsystem is calculated and discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

Microstructure evolution and characteristics of laser-clad lightweight refractory NbxMo0.5_{0.5}Ti1.5_{1.5}Ta0.2_{0.2}Cr high-entropy alloy

Lightweight refractory high-entropy alloy coatings (RHEAcs) of NbxMo$_{0.5}$Ti$_{1.5}$Ta$_{0.2}$Cr (where $x=$ 1, 1.3, 1.5, and 2) were fabricated on the surface of 316L stainless steel using laser cladding (LC) technology. A comprehensive study was conducted to elucidate the effect of Nb content on the microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance of NbxMo$_{0.5}$Ti$_{1.5}$Ta$_{0.2}$Cr RHEAcs before and after annealing at 900 for 10 h. The results show that the grains are gradually refined with the increase of Nb content. The coating consists mainly of a body-centered cubic (BCC) solid solution, C15-Laves phase, and a small amount of hexagonal close-packed (HCP) solid solution containing Ti. The microhardness of RHEAcs is significantly higher compared to the base material. Notably, at Nb1.3, due to the influence of lattice dislocations, the microhardness reaches a peak of 1066.5 HV, which is about 7.11 times higher than that of the base material. On the contrary, at Nb$_2$, the microhardness is at its lowest point, averaging 709.31 HV, but 4.72 times that of the base material. After annealing, an increase in microhardness is observed at all Nb concentrations, up to 31.2% at Nb$_2$. Before annealing, the wear resistance of RHEAcs was slightly better than that of 316L stainless steel at different Nb contents. However, after annealing, the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate of the coatings are lower than those of annealed 316L stainless steel, highlighting their excellent wear resistance. It is noteworthy that the loss of wear properties after annealing at Nb1 is at a minimum, obtaining the most balanced wear resistance before and after annealing. The enhanced wear resistance after annealing can be attributed to the presence of ultra-fine grain oxide friction layers, mainly composed of TiO2 and Ta2O5 . The main mode of wear is oxidative wear, with a small amount of wear from abrasive wear

Atom-molecule conversion with particle losses

Based on the mean-field approximation and the phase space analysis, we study the dynamics of an atom-molecule conversion system subject to particle loss. Starting from the many-body dynamics described by a master equation, an effective nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation is introduced. The classical phase space is then specified and classified by fixed points. The boundary, which separate different dynamical regimes have been calculated and discussed. The effect of particle loss on the conversion efficiency and the self-trapping is explored.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure