Identification of a Disease on Cocoa Caused by Fusariumin Sulawesi

A disease presumed to be caused by Fusarium was observed in cocoa open fields with few or without shade trees. Within the population of cocoa trees in the field, some trees had died, some had yellowing leaves and dieback, and the others were apparently healthy. In order to demonstrate Fusarium species as the causal pathogen and to obtain information concerning the incidence of the disease, its distribution and its impact on sustainability of cocoa, isolation of the pathogen, inoculation of cocoa seedlings with isolates and a survey of disease has been conducted. Fusarium was isolated from roots and branches, and inoculated onto cocoa seedlings (one month old) via soil. Symptoms appeared within 3-4 weeks after infection. These symptoms consisted of yellowing of leaves beginning from the bottom until the leaves falldown, and browning internal of vascular tissue. Darkened vascular traces in the petiole characteristic of vascularstreak dieback infection were absent. The occurrence of Fusarium in the field was characterized by the absence of obvious signs of fungal infestation on root of infected trees, yellowing of leaves on twigs, dieback, and tree mortality in severe infestations. Disease incidence could reach 77% and in this situation it was difficult for trees recover from heavy infections or to be regenerated in the farm. The study proves that Fusarium is a pathogen causing dieback and the disease is called as Fusarium vascular dieback (FVD). Its development is apparently enhanced by dry conditions in the field

Karakteristik Hukum dan Pelaksanaan Bank Garansi dalam Jaminan Kontrak Jasa Konstruksi

Construction contract is a contract known in the construction of buildings, implemented by both government and private. That in the contract kostruksi the principal requires a guarantee from the contractor in fulfillment of the obligations in the form of a bank guarantee which ensures the fulfillment of obligations of the contractor in the event of default. The main function of the bank is the savings and loan business, bank credit function for this is the principal banking establishment in addition to the functions of other bank services such as letters of credit or bank guarantee. As for some types of Bank Guarantee which is used to support the execution of construction contracts are: 1) Bank Guarantee in Tender (Bid Bond), 2) Bank Guarantee in Implementation (Performance Bond), 3) Bank Guarantee in Advance (Advance Payment Bond), 4) Bank Guarantee in maintenance (Retention Bond). All forms of bank guarantee referred to above, requires the bank to pay if the party pledged contractors) are in default

Karakteristik Perjanjian Surety Bond dalam Lingkup Hukum Asuransi

AbtractSurety Bond is an innovative product that is offered by the insurance company as a takeover attempt the potential risk of loss that may be experienced by one of the parties, generally the owner of the project (bouheer) for the trust given to other parties (contractors) in the execution of the contract of chartering agreed by they. The written guarantee by law would create an obligation for insurance companies as guarantor (surety) to the insured party (obligee / Creditors) as a consequence of the wan achievement of the guaranteed party (principal / debtor) is. suretyship is a guarantee that is indemnity, where the surety as guarantor is positioned the same as the principal debtor shall be mutually obliged to settle obligations to the obligee (creditor, where the position of surety will automatically be parallel to the principal debtor when the principal debtor is unable to complete its obligations to creditors as contained in article 1316 Indonesian Civil Code, which essentially is an agreement where the guarantor (Garant) ensures that a third party will do something which is usually but not always and should be action to close a particular treaty

Sensitivity Analysis of Transportation Production Costs in Indonesia

The transportation production cost (TPC) considerably has strong influence to the national economic condition. This paper focused on the analysis of the transportation production cost sensitivity in relation to the variation of the external affecting factor, which are fuel price, rupiah exchange rate and Bank of Indonesia interest rate. Based on the R2 values, the TPC components in general have significant correlation, with the fuel prices. However, they do not have high correlation to the fluctuation of interest rate and rupiah exchange rate. The sensitivity analysis shows that a 10% rise on fuel price would cause 6%, 2%, 7%, 2.4%, and 4.9% rise on the TPC of intercity bus, ferry ship, interisland ship, train, and airline, respectively

Aplikasi Mobile Pengajuan Kredit oleh Nasabah pada Bank Bni 46 Kantor Kas Plaju Palembang

This study was conducted to assist Parties PT Bank BNI 46 Cash Office Plaju Palembang in improving service to customers who wish to apply for credit, by providing a Mobile Credit Application By Customer At PT Bank BNI 46 Cash Office Plaju Palembang, so that the customers who apply for credit can determine the filing status of credit that has been submitted. The development method used Prototype method this is because the prototype method is suitable for making an application system know that yet, which will be no adjustment to match the input both from the PT Bank BNI 46 Cash Office Plaju Palembang as well as from the customer. Stages of the prototype method is used, among others Communication, Quick Plan, Modeling Quick Design, Construction of Prototype and Deployment delevery & Feedback. Keywords: Mobile Application, Prototype, Credits, BNI 4

E-sdm Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Agama Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

This research wasdone to makethe software E-Human Resources Regional Office of Religious Affairs of South Sumatra Province. In this research, E-HR software can manage the data generated work routines include activity data consists of SK activities, KDP activities, treasurer of activities, number of activities, speakers, participants of the activities, the moderator, the cost of activities, presence, SPPD and reporting. E-HR software is made also to address the needs and transparencyin every activity performed. In software development E-SDM using software development Rational Unified Process (RUP) model. In RUP, there are four phases of work manship Inception Elaboration Construction and Transition

Komunikasi Data Antara Modul MMI (Man Machine Interface) Dan Modul Scrambler/Descrambler Pada Telepon Scrambler

This paper proposes a data communication system between MMI module with scrambler/descrambler module. The system is designed and implemented on a scrambler phone. The trasmitted data is needed to determine the speed of randomization sound signal processes and patterns. The data is transmitted through microcontroller based serial communication. A data communication protocol is designed to perform data communication between two modules. The experiment shows serial data communication between the MMI module and the scrambler/ descrambler module with 1200 bps data transmission speed is working properly without errors by a proof that the scrambler/descrambler module sends a "OK" after the MMI module sends data of the speed and pattern of the sound signal randomization that ends with a "AA"