A Critique of the Odious Debt Doctrine

Choi and Posner indicate that it is unclear whether the doctrine will improve the welfare of the population that might be subject to a dictatorship in terms of the odious debt doctrine. The traditional backward-looking defense of the odious debt doctrine, which suggests that the doctrine is costless because it releases a suffering population from an unjust debt, is seriously incomplete. Although in specific cases the benefits of loan sanctions may exceed the costs, the defenders of the doctrine have not made the empirical case that the net benefits are sufficiently high in the aggregate as to warrant routine application of loan sanctions to odious dictators. Therefore, in the absence of such a showing, there is no reason to think that the odious debt doctrine would be a desirable rule of international law

Acoustic particle palpation for measuring tissue elasticity

We propose acoustic particle palpation – the use of sound to press a population of acoustic particles against an interface – as a method for measuring the qualitative and quantitative mechanical properties of materials. We tested the feasibility of this method by emitting ultrasound pulses across a tunnel of an elastic material filled with microbubbles. Ultrasound stimulated the microbubble cloud to move in the direction of wave propagation, press against the distal surface, and cause deformations relevant for elasticity measurements. Shear waves propagated away from the palpation site with a velocity that was used to estimate the material’s Young’s modulus

Multiply Warped Products with Non-Smooth Metrics

In this article we study manifolds with $C^{0}$-metrics and properties of Lorentzian multiply warped products. We represent the interior Schwarzschild space-time as a multiply warped product space-time with warping functions and we also investigate the curvature of a multiply warped product with $C^0$-warping functions. We given the {\it{Ricci curvature}} in terms of $f_1$, $f_2$ for the multiply warped products of the form $M=(0,\ 2m)\times_{f_1}R^1\times_{f_2} S^2$.Comment: LaTeX, 7 page

Quantum Key Distribution Using Quantum Faraday Rotators

We propose a new quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol based on the fully quantum mechanical states of the Faraday rotators. The protocol is unconditionally secure against collective attacks for multi-photon source up to two photons on a noisy environment. It is also robust against impersonation attacks. The protocol may be implemented experimentally with the current spintronics technology on semiconductors.Comment: 7 pages, 7 EPS figure

Comment on "Can one predict DNA Transcription Start Sites by Studying Bubbles?"

Comment on T.S. van Erp, S. Cuesta-Lopez, J.-G. Hagmann, and M. Peyrard, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 218104 (2005) [arXiv: physics/0508094]

The Gaugino Code

Gauginos might play a crucial role in the search for supersymmetry at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Mass predictions for gauginos are rather robust and often related to the values of the gauge couplings. We analyse the ratios of gaugino masses in the LHC energy range for various schemes of supersymmetry breakdown and mediation. Three distinct mass patterns emerge.Comment: 42 pages, Latex; a discussion of deflected anomaly mediation added, references adde

Comment about pion electro-production and the axial form factors

The claim by Haberzettl (Phys.Rev.Lett.85 (2000) 3576) that the axial form factor of the nucleon cannot be accessed through threshold pion electroproduction is unfounded