Hybrid biomedical intelligent systems

"Copyright © 2012 Maysam Abbod et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited."The purpose of this special issue is to promote research and developments of the best work in the field of hybrid intelligent systems for biomedical applications

The right-to-manage default rule

We critically examine the right-to-manage as a legal default rule. We then assess the merits of alternative process and content defaults, as well as non-waivable terms and conditions. Finally, we suggest how various options might be combined in different circumstances

XUV Frequency Combs via Femtosecond Enhancement Cavities

We review the current state of tabletop extreme ultraviolet (XUV) sources based on high harmonic generation (HHG) in femtosecond enhancement cavities (fsEC). Recent developments have enabled generation of high photon flux (1014 photons/sec) in the XUV, at high repetition rates (>50 MHz) and spanning the spectral region from 40 nm - 120 nm. This level of performance has enabled precision spectroscopy with XUV frequency combs and promises further applications in XUV spectroscopic and photoemission studies. We discuss the theory of operation and experimental details of the fsEC and XUV generation based on HHG, including current technical challenges to increasing the photon flux and maximum photon energy produced by this type of system. Current and future applications for these sources are also discussed.Comment: invited review article, 38 page

Unitarized Diffractive Scattering in QCD and Application to Virtual Photon Total Cross Sections

The problem of restoring Froissart bound to the BFKL-Pomeron is studied in an extended leading-log approximation of QCD. We consider parton-parton scattering amplitude and show that the sum of all Feynman-diagram contributions can be written in an eikonal form. In this form dynamics is determined by the phase shift, and subleading-logs of all orders needed to restore the Froissart bound are automatically provided. The main technical difficulty is to find a way to extract these subleading contributions without having to compute each Feynman diagram beyond the leading order. We solve that problem by using nonabelian cut diagrams introduced elsewhere. They can be considered as colour filters used to isolate the multi-Reggeon contributions that supply these subleading-log terms. Illustration of the formalism is given for amplitudes and phase shifts up to three loops. For diffractive scattering, only phase shifts governed by one and two Reggeon exchanges are needed. They can be computed from the leading-log-Reggeon and the BFKL-Pomeron amplitudes. In applications, we argue that the dependence of the energy-growth exponent on virtuality $Q^2$ for $\gamma^*P$ total cross section observed at HERA can be interpreted as the first sign of a slowdown of energy growth towards satisfying the Froissart bound. An attempt to understand these exponents with the present formalism is discussed.Comment: 41 pages in revtex preprint format, with 10 figure