The role of structural embeddedness in an IT outsourcing network

The design of governance to safeguard against a vendor's opportunistic behaviour is one of the critical issues in information technology outsourcing (ITO) since this behaviour causes cost escalation and service debasement. The roles of structural embeddedness underlying network governance have been gaining its importance as complementary or substitutable governance in ITO. Our research attempts to reveal how structural embeddedness can affect the decision-makings of clients and vendors and their resulting outcomes in an ITO network and how these effects are moderated by various ITO network structures according to outsourced IT services. An agent-based simulation and game-theoretic approach are adopted to build a simulation model to describe ITO networks with various structures and ITO transactions between clients and vendors. Finally, the future research directions are discussed

Influence of external disturbances and compressibility on free turbulent mixing

It is shown that disturbances in external flow can significantly affect, by as much as an order of magnitude, the turbulent mixing rate in free shear layers and that the length scale of the external flow disturbances is as important as the amplitude. The difference between the effect of wide-band and narrow-band disturbances is stressed. The model for pressure fluctuation term in the kinetic energy equation is included in a two-equation model. The reduced spreading rate in high Mach number, high Reynolds number, adiabatic, free turbulent shear layers is predicted

Charmonium-hadron interactions from QCD

The heavy quark system is an excellent probe to learn about the QCD dynamics at finite density. First, we discuss the properties of the $J/\psi$ and $D$ meson at finite nucleon density. We discuss why their properties should change at finite density and then introduce an exact QCD relation among these hadron properties and the energy momentum tensor of the medium. Second, we discuss attempts to calculate charmonium-hadron total cross section using effective hadronic models and perturbative QCD. We emphasize a recent calculation, where the cross section is derived using QCD factorization theorem. We conclude by discussing some challenges for SIS 200.Comment: 8 pages, Presented at 6th International Conference on Strange Quarks in Matter: 2001: A Flavorspace Odyssey (SQM2001), Frankfurt, Germany, 25-29 Sep 2001, submitted to J. Phys.

Determination of the gaseous hydrogen ductile-brittle transition in copper-nickel alloys

A series of copper-nickel alloys were fabricated, notched tensile specimens machined for each alloy, and the specimens tested in 34.5 MPa hydrogen and in air. A notched tensile ratio was determined for each alloy and the hydrogen environment embrittlement (HEE) determined for the alloys of 47.7 weight percent nickel to 73.5 weight percent nickel. Stacking fault probability and stacking fault energies were determined for each alloy using the x ray diffraction line shift and line profiles technique. Hydrogen environment embrittlement was determined to be influenced by stacking fault energies; however, the correlation is believed to be indirect and only partially responsible for the HEE behavior of these alloys

Observable estimation of entanglement of formation and quantum discord for bipartite mixed quantum states

We present observable lower and upper bounds for the entanglement of formation (EOF) and quantum discord (QD), which facilitates estimates of EOF and QD for arbitrary experimental unknown states in finite-dimensional bipartite systems. These bounds can be easily obtained by a few experimental measurements on a twofold copy $\varrho\otimes\varrho$ of the mixed states. Based on our results, we use the experimental measurement data of the real experiment given by Schmid \textit{et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{101}, 260505 (2008)] to obtain the lower and upper bounds of EOF and QD for the experimental unknown state.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure