24,055 research outputs found
Observation of a push force on the end face of a nm fiber taper exerted by outgoing light
There are two different proposals for the momentum of light in a transparent
dielectric of refractive index n: Minkowski's version nE/c and Abrahm's version
E/(nc), where E and c are the energy and vacuum speed of light, respectively.
Despite many tests and debates over nearly a century, momentum of light in a
transparent dielectric remains controversial. In this Letter, we report a
direct observation of the inward push force on the end face of a free nm fiber
taper exerted by the outgoing light. Our results clearly support Abraham
momentum. Our experiment also indicates an inward surface pressure on a
dielectric exerted by the incident light, different from the commonly
recognized pressure due to the specular reflection. Such an inward surface
pressure by the incident light may be useful for precise design of the
laser-induced inertially-confined fusion.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures;Accepted for publication as a Letter in Physical
Review Letters(CODE: LP11093
Non-Markovian effect on the quantum discord
We study the non-Markovian effect on the dynamics of the quantum discord by
exactly solving a model consisting of two independent qubits subject to two
zero-temperature non-Markovian reservoirs, respectively. Considering the two
qubits initially prepared in Bell-like or extended Werner-like states, we show
that there is no occurrence of the sudden death, but only instantaneous
disappearance of the quantum discord at some time points, in comparison to the
entanglement sudden death in the same range of the parameters of interest. It
implies that the quantum discord is more useful than the entanglement to
describe quantum correlation involved in quantum systems.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Orbit- and Atom-Resolved Spin Textures of Intrinsic, Extrinsic and Hybridized Dirac Cone States
Combining first-principles calculations and spin- and angle-resolved
photoemission spectroscopy measurements, we identify the helical spin textures
for three different Dirac cone states in the interfaced systems of a 2D
topological insulator (TI) of Bi(111) bilayer and a 3D TI Bi2Se3 or Bi2Te3. The
spin texture is found to be the same for the intrinsic Dirac cone of Bi2Se3 or
Bi2Te3 surface state, the extrinsic Dirac cone of Bi bilayer state induced by
Rashba effect, and the hybridized Dirac cone between the former two states.
Further orbit- and atom-resolved analysis shows that s and pz orbits have a
clockwise (counterclockwise) spin rotation tangent to the iso-energy contour of
upper (lower) Dirac cone, while px and py orbits have an additional radial spin
component. The Dirac cone states may reside on different atomic layers, but
have the same spin texture. Our results suggest that the unique spin texture of
Dirac cone states is a signature property of spin-orbit coupling, independent
of topology
Information Erasure and Recover in Quantum Memory
We show that information in quantum memory can be erased and recovered
perfectly if it is necessary. That the final states of environment are
completely determined by the initial states of the system allows that an easure
operation can be realized by a swap operation between system and an ancilla.
Therefore, the erased information can be recoverd. When there is an
irreversible process, e.g. an irreversible operation or a decoherence process,
in the erasure process, the information would be erased perpetually. We present
that quantum erasure will also give heat dissipation in environment. And a
classical limit of quantum erasure is given which coincides with Landauer's
erasure principle.Comment: PACS: 0365.Bz. 03.67.Hk;3page
Two helices from one chiral centre – self organization of disc shaped chiral nanoparticles
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been prepared and surfacefunctionalizedwith a mixture of 1-hexanethiol co-ligands and chiraldiscogen ligands separated from a disulfide function via a flexiblespacer. Polarized optical microscopy together with differentialscanning calorimetry showed that the organic corona of thenanocomposite forms a stable chiral discotic nematic (ND*) phasewith a wide thermal range. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction showedthat gold NPs form a superlattice with p2 plane symmetry. Analysisindicated that the corona takes up the shape of a flexiblemacrodisk. Synchrotron radiation-based circular dichroism signalsof thin films are significantly enhanced on the isotropic-LCtransition in line with the formation of a chiral nematic phase of theorganic corona. At lower temperatures the appearance of CDsignals associated with the NPs is indicative of the formation of asecond helical structure. The decreased volume required and thechiral environment of the disc ligands drives the nanoparticles intocolumns that arrange helically parallel to the shortest axis of thetwo dimensional lattice
Effect of gauge boson mass on the phase structure of QED
Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) in QED with finite gauge
boson mass is
studied in the framework of the rainbow approximation of Dyson-Schwinger
equations.
By adopting a simple gauge boson propagator ansatz at finite temperature, we
first numerically solve the
Dyson-Schwinger equation for the fermion self-energy to
determine the chiral phase diagram of QED with finite gauge boson mass
at finite chemical potential and finite temperature, then we study the
effect of the finite gauge mass on the phase diagram of QED. It is found
that the gauge boson mass suppresses the occurrence of
DCSB. The area of the region in the chiral phase diagram corresponding to
DCSB phase decreases as
the gauge boson mass increases. In
particular, chiral symmetry gets restored when is above a
certain critical value. In this paper, we use DCSB to describe the
antiferromagnetic order and use the gauge boson mass to describe the
superconducting order. Our results give qualitatively a physical
picture on the competition and coexistence between antiferromagnetic
order and superconducting orders in high temperature cuprate superconductors.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
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