Revision of Administrative Law as Shortcut to Constitutional Revision

East Asian Languages and Civilization

Serum amyloid A primes microglia for ATP-dependent interleukin-1\u3b2 release

Acute-phase response is a systemic reaction to environmental/inflammatory insults and involves production of acute-phase proteins, including serum amyloid A (SAA). Interleukin-1\u3b2 (IL-1\u3b2), a master regulator of neuroinflammation produced by activated inflammatory cells of the myeloid lineage, in particular microglia, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic diseases of the peripheral nervous system and CNS. IL-1\u3b2 release is promoted by ATP acting at the purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in cells primed with toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands

Differential thermal testing: An approach to its feasibility

Testing techniques based on the functional behaviour, the propagation delay and the levels of quiescent current have been used with great success for the last two decade technologies. However, the efficiency of such techniques is dubious for future technologies, characterised by huge mixed-mode complex circuits and very low supply voltage levels. In this paper the feasibility of using internal thermal sensors to detect heat sources provoked by structural defects are considered and evaluated

Radiation-induced growth inhibition in transplanted human tongue carcinomas with different p53 gene status

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To test p53-dependency in radiation cancer therapy with X-rays (low-linear energy transfer (LET)) or carbon-ion (C-) beams (high-LET heavy ion), we analyzed the radiation-induced growth rate and apoptosis induction in human tongue carcinomas transplanted into nude mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SAS cells transfected with mutant p53 gene (SAS/mp53) or a neo control gene (SAS/neo) were transplanted into the thigh of each nude mouse. By measuring the tumor weight (TW), tumor regrowth delay was evaluated when the relative tumor weight (RW) reached 5-fold that of the control group. Apoptosis was analyzed by immunohistochemical and ApopTag stainings. RESULTS: SAS/mp53 tumors were more resistant to X-ray irradiation than SAS/neo tumors, but not to C-beam irradiation. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of C-beams compared to X-rays was 2.1 in SAS/neo tumors and 2.6 in SAS/mp53 tumors. Apoptotic cells were more frequently observed in SAS/neo tumors than in SAS/mp53 tumors in X-ray irradiation but not in C-beam irradiation. CONCLUSION: The radiation-induced growth inhibition of transplanted SAS cells is suggested to be p53-dependent in X-ray irradiation but not in C-beam irradiation. C-beams are proposed as being useful for cancer radiation therapy regardless of p53 gene status