A nonsymmetric version of Okounkov's BC-type interpolation Macdonald polynomials

Symmetric and nonsymmetric interpolation Laurent polynomials are introduced with the interpolation points depending on $q$ and a $n$-tuple of parameters $\tau=(\tau_1,\ldots,\tau_n)$. For the principal specialization $\tau_i=st^{n-i}$ the symmetric interpolation Laurent polynomials reduce to Okounkov's $BC$-type interpolation Macdonald polynomials and the nonsymmetric interpolation Laurent polynomials become their nonsymmetric variants. We expand the symmetric interpolation Laurent polynomials in the nonsymmetric ones. We show that Okounkov's $BC$-type interpolation Macdonald polynomials can also be obtained from their nonsymmetric versions using a one-parameter family of actions of the finite Hecke algebra of type $B_n$ in terms of Demazure-Lusztig operators. In the Appendix we give some experimental results and conjectures about extra vanishing.Comment: 30 pages, 9 figures; v4: experimental results and conjectures added about extra vanishin

The pricing behaviour of firms in the euro area : new survey evidence

This study investigates the pricing behaviour of firms in the euro area on the basis of surveys conducted by nine Eurosystem national central banks. Overall, more than 11,000 firms participated in the survey. The results are very robust across countries. Firms operate in monopolistically competitive markets, where prices are mostly set following mark-up rules and where price discrimination is a common practice. Our evidence suggests that both time- and state-dependent pricing strategies are applied by firms in the euro area: around one-third of the companies follow mainly time-dependent pricing rules while two-thirds use pricing rules with some element of state-dependence. Although the majority of firms take into account a wide range of information, including past and expected economic developments, about one-third adopts a purely backward-looking behaviour. The pattern of results lends support to the recent wave of estimations of hybrid versions of the New Keynesian Phillips Curve. Price stickiness arises both at the stage when firms review their prices and again when they actually change prices. The most relevant factors underlying price rigidity are customer relationships - as expressed in the theories about explicit and implicit contracts - and thus, are mainly found at the price changing (second) stage of the price adjustment process. Finally, we provide evidence that firms adjust prices asymmetrically in response to shocks, depending on the direction of the adjustment and the source of the shock: while cost shocks have a greater impact when prices have to be raised than when they have to be reduced, reductions in demand are more likely to induce a price change than increases in demand.price setting, nominal rigidity, real rigidity, inflation persistence, survey data.

The Pricing Behaviour of Firms in the Euro Area: New Survey Evidence

This study investigates the pricing behaviour of firms in the euro area on the basis of surveys conducted by nine Eurosystem national central banks. Overall, more than 11,000 firms participated in the survey. The results are very robust across countries. Firms operate in monopolistically competitive markets, where prices are mostly set following mark-up rules and where price discrimination is a common practice. Our evidence suggests that both time- and state-dependent pricing strategies are applied by firms in the euro area: around one-third of the companies follow mainly time-dependent pricing rules while two-thirds use pricing rules with some element of state-dependence. Although the majority of firms take into account a wide range of information, including past and expected economic developments, about one-third adopts a purely backward-looking behaviour. The pattern of results lends support to the recent wave of estimations of hybrid versions of the New Keynesian Phillips Curve. Price stickiness arises both at the stage when firms review their prices and again when they actually change prices. The most relevant factors underlying price rigidity are customer relationships – as expressed in the theories about explicit and implicit contracts – and thus, are mainly found at the price changing (second) stage of the price adjustment process. Finally, we provide evidence that firms adjust prices asymmetrically in response to shocks, depending on the direction of the adjustment and the source of the shock: while cost shocks have a greater impact when prices have to be raised than when they have to be reduced, reductions in demand are more likely to induce a price change than increases in demand.

Publicerende sociologen:De Top-50 In De Periode 1992-1994

In this article the productivity and international impact of Dutch sociologist is measured over the period 1992-1994. The productivity is measured as a weighted sum of the publications. Appendix I contains the list of sociologists that took part in the study. Table 2 gives the ranking of the ranking of the fifty most productive sociologists. The international impact is based on the number of citations in the Social Science Citation Index in the period 1992-1994. We investigated these citations for the sociologists in the top-50 and all full professors in sociology research centers (see Appendix 2). Table 3 contains the ranking of the 51 Dutch sociologists with five or more citations in the period 1992-1994