A CASE FOR SUBVENTION OF PRIVATE LANDOWNERS IN THE LOUISIANA COASTAL ZONE

The Louisiana Coastal Zone (LCZ) is experiencing an unparalleled crisis of wetland loss, most of which (75%) is occurring on private lands. This paper use agricultural conservation policy as a comparative construct in a commentary that examines the rationale and methodology of providing economic incentives to subsidize wetland restoration on private lands in the LCZ.Environmental Economics and Policy,

The organisation of public elementary education in York 1870 - 1902

The period under review is divided into two halves, the dividing line being the year 1889, when the first York School Board was elected. Thus, the first part (1870 - 1888) is concerned purely with how Voluntary Schools provided elementary education in the city. It begins by showing how the provision of schools in 1870 was such that a School Board was not thought necessary, and how the Denominations increased the supply up to 1888. Much attention is given to the way in which these schools were financed, and to the difficulties which they met in raising sufficient funds. Chapter 3 deals with the problem of school attendance, describing in detail the measures taken by the School Attendance Committee, and the effect they had. The second part (1888 - 1902) opens by showing how a deficiency arose in accommodation, necessitating the formation of a School Board; the composition of that Board and subsequent ones is then summarised. In the next Chapter, details are given of how schools were provided, by both the School Board and Voluntary bodies, with some mention of alleged competition. Then follows a comparison of the way in which both types of school were financed, again underlining the difficulties of the Voluntary bodies and showing the advantage that lay with the School Board. Attention is then given to the continued activities of the School Attendance Committee, and the resulting success, to the gradual abolition of fees and to the raising of the school leaving age. The filial chapters deal more specifically with the activities of the School Board designed to widen the scope of education in York, including the introduction of scientific and practical subjects, evening schools, education of pupil-teachers and the beginning of recreational and educational visits. How some of these were affected by the Cockerton Judgment is also described. The dissertation concludes with an assessment of the work of the School Board and the Voluntary bodies, and notes the transfer of the whole system in 1903 to the new Education Committee

Dynamical density functional theory with hydrodynamic interactions and colloids in unstable traps

A density functional theory for colloidal dynamics is presented which includes hydrodynamic interactions between the colloidal particles. The theory is applied to the dynamics of colloidal particles in an optical trap which switches periodically in time from a stable to unstable confining potential. In the absence of hydrodynamic interactions, the resulting density breathing mode, exhibits huge oscillations in the trap center which are almost completely damped by hydrodynamic interactions. The predicted dynamical density fields are in good agreement with Brownian dynamics computer simulations

An Interactive Environment for Dialogue Development: Its Design, Use and Evaluation

The Author's Interactive Didogue Environment (AIDE) of the Dialogue Management System is an integrated set of direct manipulation tools used by a dialogue author to design and implement human-computer interfaces without writing source code. This paper presents the conceptua! dialogue transaction model upon which AIDE is based, describes AIDE, and illustrates how a dialope author develops an interface using AIDE. A preliminary empirical evaluation of the use of AIDE versus the use of a programming language to implement an interface shows very encouraging results

Building Bridges and Interfaces: Toward the Next Generation of UIMS

User interface management systems (UIMS) have established themselves in both research and commercial arenas. We present several generations in UIMS evolution and discuss some problems of the early generations. In particular, we discuss the problems of a gap between methods used by behavioral scientists and computer scientists during the process of building interfaces. We present an empirical approach to begin bridging this gap and results of our preliminary observations: a human-computer interface development life cycle and recording techniques for interface development, as well as UIMS needed to support them. We conclude with future directions for the evolution of UIMS