Recommended structure for reporting economic evaluation on pharmaceuticals in Belgium.

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What if we use biomass ashes to activate one-part geopolymers ?

Geopolymers are cement-like materials obtained by the chemical reaction between a powdered aluminosilicate precursor and an alkaline solution. Recently, researchers are studying alternative ways for geopolymer preparation in order to avoid the use of alkaline activators which are highly corrosive and difficult to handle in construction site works. These user-friendly materials are known as one-part geopolymers and appear as a cementitious powder that can polymerize only by water addition. This work deals with the use of potassium-rich biomass ashes for the activation of two types of one-part geopolymers

α 1 Acid glycoprotein expression in human leukocytes: Possible correlation between α 1 -acid glycoprotein and inflammatory cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis

α-Acid glycoprotein is an acute-phase reactant that becomes markedly elevated in serum during inflammation and has an immunosuppressive effect on lymphocyte fonctions. Patients with collagen diseases had significant increases of α 1 -acid glycoprotein in their serum and on the surface of peripheral leukocytes compared with controls. The levels from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were higher than those from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed connective tissue disease, and Behçet's disease. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the value of serum α 1 -acid glycoprotein correlated with disease activity. Among leukocyte subpopulations, monocytes showed more α 1 -acid glycoprotein on their surface than polymorphonuclear leukocytes; and lymphocytes. The cell surface expression of α 1 -acid glycoprotein on cultured monocytes surface peaked after 48 h. Interleukin-1 β and tumor necrosis factor-α stimulated the production of α 1 -acid glycoprotein RNA message in peripheral blood mononuclear cells over 18–24 h during cell culture. The results show that serum α 1 -acid glycoprotein reflects systemic disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, monocytes may serve as a source of production of α 1 -acid glycoprotein.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44509/1/10753_2004_Article_BF00916390.pd