Effect of harvest time on physico-chemical properties and bioactive compounds of pulp and seeds of grape varieties

In this study, physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of three grape varieties (Cardinal, MuAYkule and Razaki) harvested at the three different harvest times (on time, one and two weeks earlier) were investigated. The highest antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were observed in Razaki pulp and these were 82.854%, 127.422 mg/100 g, 3.873 mg/g, respectively. The contents of bioactive compounds in grape seeds were found higher than those in pulps. Similarly, seed of Razaki had higher antioxidant activity (91.267%) and total phenolic content (477.500 mg/100 g) when compared to results of other varieties. The key phenolic compounds of all grape variety and seeds were gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, (+)-catechin ve 1,2-dihydroxybenzene. The oil content of grape seeds ranged from 8.50% (Razaki harvested one week ago) to 19.024% (MuAYkule harvested one week ago). The main fatty acids of grapeseed oils were linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids. In addition, the oil of Razaki seeds was rich in tocopherols when compared to the other varieties.International Scientific Partnership Program ISPP at King Saud University through ISPP [0015]The authors extend their appreciation to the International Scientific Partnership Program ISPP at King Saud University for funding this research work through ISPP# 0015

Effect of varieties on bioactive compounds, fatty acids, and mineral contents in different grape seed and oils from Bosnia and Herzegovina

This work aimed to evaluate the phytochemical properties of grape seeds and oils of autochthonous variety Blatina, regional variety Vranac and international varieties Merlot, Cabernet, and Muscat cultivated in Herzegovina province. It is estimated that total phenol contents and antioxidant activities of seed extracts ranged between 502.08 (Merlot)-693.33mgGAE/kg (Blatina) and 86.68 (Muscat)-90.76% (Cabernet), respectively. The values for 1,2-dihydroxybenzene and (+)-catechin in seed extracts changed between 42.32 (Blatina)-450.16mg/100g (Muscat) and 56.52 (Cabernet)-960.00mg/100g(Vranac), respectively. Linoleic and oleic acid contents of grape seed oils were between 61.30(Cabernet)-67.84%(Merlot) and 19.87 (Merlot)-24.53% (Blatina), respectively. gamma-Tocopherol contents of seed oils were in the range of 1.84 (Cabernet and Blatina)-2.04mg/g(Merlot). The P and K mineral contents of seeds varied from 3,731.0 (Blatina) to 4,309.3mg/kg (Muscat) and 10,033 (Cabernet) and 16,674mg/kg (Blatina), respectively. Practical applicationsIn this paper, analysis of the grape seeds and oils are presented. Following grape varieties are grown in Herzegovina are analyzed: autochthonous variety Blatina, regional variety Vranac and international varieties Merlot, Cabernet, and Muscat. They are analyzed in terms of the total content of phenol, individual phenols, antioxidant activity, and minerals of grape seed extract. Grape seed oil was also examined for the content of tocopherols and fatty acids. The main interest in oil and seed are the high content of phenol, linoleic acid, and tocopherol used in the pharmaceutical. Based on the presented results it will be possible to compare characteristics of the grape seeds and oils of autochthonous, regional and international varieties