660 research outputs found
Polarization of interacting bosons with spin
We demonstrate rigorously that in the absence of explicit spin-dependent
forces one of the ground states of interacting bosons with spin is always fully
polarized -- however complicated the many-body interaction potential might be.
Depending on the particle spin, the polarized ground state will generally be
degenerate with other states, but one can specify the exact degeneracy. For T>0
the magnetization and susceptibility necessarily exceed that of a pure
paramagnet. These results are relevant to recent experiments exploring the
relation between triplet superconductivity and ferromagnetism, and the
Bose-Einstein condensation of atoms with spin. They eliminate the possibility,
raised in some theoretical speculations, that the ground state or positive
temperature state might be antiferromagnetic.Comment: v4: as published in PR
Electron cloud studies for KEKB
Electron-cloud build up, incoherent tune spread and electron-induced beam instability are likely to be responsible for the vertical beam-size increase observed at the KEKB Low Energy Ring (LER). We report on recent simulations and analytical estimated, a ddressing the electron-cloud evolution for various magnet configurations, computing the beam size blow up predicted by three different simulation models (micro-bunches, multiparticle tracking with soft Gaussian approximation, particle-in cell) and finally discussing analytical expressions for the instability threshold
Spin textures in slowly rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates
Slowly rotating spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates are studied through a
variational approach based upon lowest Landau level calculus. The author finds
that in a gas with ferromagnetic interactions, such as Rb, angular
momentum is predominantly carried by clusters of two different types of
skyrmion textures in the spin-vector order parameter. Conversely, in a gas with
antiferromagnetic interactions, such as Na, angular momentum is carried
by -disclinations in the nematic order parameter which arises from spin
fluctuations. For experimentally relevant parameters, the cores of these
-disclinations are ferromagnetic, and can be imaged with polarized light.Comment: 14 pages, 12 low resolution bitmapped figures, RevTeX4. High
resolution figures available from author. Suplementary movies available from
autho
Dynamics of F=2 Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates
We experimentally investigate and analyze the rich dynamics in F=2 spinor
Bose-Einstein condensates of Rb87. An interplay between mean-field driven spin
dynamics and hyperfine-changing losses in addition to interactions with the
thermal component is observed. In particular we measure conversion rates in the
range of 10^-12 cm^3/s for spin changing collisions within the F=2 manifold and
spin-dependent loss rates in the range of 10^-13 cm^3/s for hyperfine-changing
collisions. From our data we observe a polar behavior in the F=2 ground state
of Rb87, while we measure the F=1 ground state to be ferromagnetic. Furthermore
we see a magnetization for condensates prepared with non-zero total spin.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, RevTe
Spin domain formation in spinor Bose-Einstein condensation
The spatial structure of the spinor Bose-Einstein condensates with the spin
degrees of freedom is analyzed based on the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii
equation (GP) in the light of the present spin domain experiment on m_F=\pm 1,
and 0 of the hyperfine state F=1 of ^{23}Na atom gases. The GP solutions in
three- and one-spatial dimensional cases reproduce the observed spin domain
structures, revealing the length scale associated with the existence of the
weak interaction of the spin-spin channel, other than the ordinary coherence
length related to the density-density channel. The obtained domain structure in
GP is compared with the result in Thomas-Fermi approximation. The former
solution is found to better describe the observed features than the latter.Comment: 9 pages, 14 figure
Josephson Current between Triplet and Singlet Superconductors
The Josephson effect between triplet and singlet superconductors is studied.
Josephson current can flow between triplet and singlet superconductors due to
the spin-orbit coupling in the spin-triplet superconductor but it is finite
only when triplet superconductor has , where and
are the perpendicular components of orbital angular momentum and spin angular
momentum of the triplet Cooper pairs, respectively. The recently observed
temperature and orientational dependence of the critical current through a
Josephson junction between UPt and Nb is investigated by considering a
non-unitary triplet state.Comment: 4 pages, no figure
Exact Eigenstates and Magnetic Response of Spin-1 and Spin-2 Vectorial Bose-Einstein Condensates
The exact eigenspectra and eigenstates of spin-1 and spin-2 vectorial
Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are found, and their response to a weak
magnetic field is studied and compared with their mean-field counterparts.
Whereas mean-field theory predicts the vanishing population of the zero
magnetic-quantum-number component of a spin-1 antiferromagnetic BEC, the
component is found to become populated as the magnetic field decreases. The
spin-2 BEC exhibits an even richer magnetic response due to quantum correlation
between 3 bosons.Comment: 5 pages, no figures. LaTeX20
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