Selective apoptosis induction in cancer cells using folate-conjugated gold nanoparticles and controlling the laser irradiation conditions

In this study, we explained in detail a targeted nano-photo-thermal therapy (NPTT) method to induce selective apoptosis in cancer cells. Folate-conjugated gold nanoparticles (F-AuNPs) were synthesized by tailoring the surface of AuNPs with folic acid to enhance the specificity of NPTT. KB cancer cells, as a folate receptor over-expressing cell line, and L929 normal cells with low level of folate receptors were incubated with the synthesized F-AuNPs and then irradiated with various laser intensities and exposure durations. Following various regimes of NPTT, we assessed the level of cell viability and the ratio of apoptosis/necrosis. No significant cytotoxicity was observed for both cell lines at concentrations up to 40�μM of F-AuNPs. Moreover, no significant cell lethality occurred for various laser irradiation conditions. The viability of KB and L929 cells incubated with F-AuNPs (40�μM; 6�h) and then irradiated by laser (1�W/cm2; 2�min) was 57 and 83, respectively. It was also demonstrated that the majority of cancer cell death is related to apoptosis (41 apoptosis of 43 overall cell death). In this process of F-AuNPs based NPTT, it may be concluded that the main factor determining whether a cell dies due to apoptosis or necrosis depends on laser irradiation conditions. In this study, we explained in detail a targeted nano-photo-thermal therapy (NPTT) method to induce selective apoptosis in cancer cells. © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Grou

Selective apoptosis induction in cancer cells using folate-conjugated gold nanoparticles and controlling the laser irradiation conditions

In this study, we explained in detail a targeted nano-photo-thermal therapy (NPTT) method to induce selective apoptosis in cancer cells. Folate-conjugated gold nanoparticles (F-AuNPs) were synthesized by tailoring the surface of AuNPs with folic acid to enhance the specificity of NPTT. KB cancer cells, as a folate receptor over-expressing cell line, and L929 normal cells with low level of folate receptors were incubated with the synthesized F-AuNPs and then irradiated with various laser intensities and exposure durations. Following various regimes of NPTT, we assessed the level of cell viability and the ratio of apoptosis/necrosis. No significant cytotoxicity was observed for both cell lines at concentrations up to 40�μM of F-AuNPs. Moreover, no significant cell lethality occurred for various laser irradiation conditions. The viability of KB and L929 cells incubated with F-AuNPs (40�μM; 6�h) and then irradiated by laser (1�W/cm2; 2�min) was 57 and 83, respectively. It was also demonstrated that the majority of cancer cell death is related to apoptosis (41 apoptosis of 43 overall cell death). In this process of F-AuNPs based NPTT, it may be concluded that the main factor determining whether a cell dies due to apoptosis or necrosis depends on laser irradiation conditions. In this study, we explained in detail a targeted nano-photo-thermal therapy (NPTT) method to induce selective apoptosis in cancer cells. © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Grou