Demodulation of polarimetric fibre laser ultrasonic sensor with intensity noise cancellation

In this paper, the influences of the relative intensity noise (RIN), in particular the relaxation oscillation noise, of an erbium distributed feedback (DFB) fibre laser has been investigated theoretically and experimentally for use a polarimetric ultrasonic sensor. We show that the relaxation oscillation noise and the ultrasonic signal both induce modulation sidebands on the polarization beat frequency of the DFB laser ultrasonic sensor. We present a novel demodulation algorithm for the polarimetric DFB fibre laser ultrasonic sensor, which can effectively eliminate the influences of the intensity noise and slowly varying drift of the polarization beat frequency

Lightweight and privacy-aware fine-grained access control for IoT-oriented smart health

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Attribute-based encryption for cloud computing access control: A survey

National Research Foundation (NRF) Singapore; AXA Research Fun

Effects of laser intensity noise on polarimetric distributed feedback fibre laser ultrasonic sensor

The influence of the relative intensity noise, in particular the relaxation oscillation noise, of a distributed feedback (DFB) fibre laser on the performance of a polarimetric DFB fibre laser ultrasonic sensor is investigated theoretically and experimentally. A novel demodulation algorithm for the DFB fibre laser ultrasonic sensor is used to demodulate the polarization beat frequency and eliminate the effects of the intensity noise completely. The sensing system is demonstrated to demodulate time varying ultrasonic signals at 2.25 MHz and 10 MHz

Tracking disease resistance deployment in potato breeding by enrichment sequencing

Following the molecular characterisation of functional disease resistance genes in recent years, methods to track and verify the integrity of multiple genes in varieties are needed for crop improvement through resistance stacking. Diagnostic resistance gene enrichment sequencing (dRenSeq) enables the highconfidence identification and complete sequence validation of known functional resistance genes in crops. As demonstrated for tetraploid potato varieties, the methodology is more robust and cost-effective in monitoring resistances than whole-genome sequencing and can be used to appraise (trans)gene integrity efficiently. All currently known NB-LRRs effective against viruses, nematodes and the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans can be tracked with dRenSeq in potato and hitherto unknown polymorphisms have been identified. The methodology provides a means to improve the speed and efficiency of future disease resistance breeding in crops by directing parental and progeny selection towards effective combinations of resistance genes

Constraining Aging Processes of Black Carbon in the Community Atmosphere Model Using Environmental Chamber Measurements

The direct radiative forcing of black carbon aerosol (BC) on the Earth system remains unsettled, largely due to the uncertainty with physical properties of BC throughout their lifecycle. Here we show that ambient chamber measurements of BC properties provide a novel constraint on the crude BC aging representation in climate models. Observational evidence for significant absorption enhancement of BC can be reproduced when the aging processes in the four‐mode version of the Modal Aerosol Module (MAM4) aerosol scheme in the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 are calibrated by the recent in situ chamber measurements. An observation‐based scaling method is developed in the aging timescale calculation to alleviate the influence of biases in the simulated model chemical composition. Model sensitivity simulations suggest that the different monolayer settings in the BC aging parameterization of MAM4 can cause as large as 26% and 24% differences in BC burden and radiative forcing, respectively. We also find that an increase in coating materials (e.g., sulfate and secondary organic aerosols) reduces BC lifetime by increasing the hygroscopicity of the mixture but enhances its absorption, resulting in a net increase in BC direct radiative forcing. Our results suggest that accurate simulations of BC aging processes as well as other aerosol species are equally important in reducing the uncertainty of BC forcing estimation