Atypical obstructive submandibular sialoadenitis

The patient is a 52-year-old female who had undergone medical treatment for right acute suppurative submandibular sialoadenitis three times in the last two months. The patient was referred to our clinic due to persistance of complaints and presence of a mass in the submandibular region. On physical examination, the right submandibular gland was diffusely enlarged and adherent. Also, seropurulent decreased salivation was observed pressing on the Wharton’s channel. Evidence of stone in the channel was not detected at palpation. On USG examination, right submandibular gland enlargement, two reactive lymph nodes (dimention, 19 x 12 mm ve 19 x 8 mm) in submandibular area and hypoecoic noduler lesion which was difficult to discriminate from the surrounding tissue measuring 5 x 3 mm in diameter were detected. Also dilatation at duct of salivary gland (mean 2 mm) was present. For further evaluation MRI examination was recommended. MRI examination revealed a slight increase in the right submandibular gland dimensions. No significant pathologic enhancement was present (Fig. A, B). Under general anesthesia, right submandibular gland excision was performed with lymph node dissection. During operation, it was observed that the gland was middle hard and attached to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle due to probably passed infection. After removal of gland, a foreign body (grass seed) was found to be in the Wharton’s duct during the macroscopic examination. After taking the photographs (Fig. C, D), the foreign body was sent to Ankara University, faculty of Agriculture for further analysis. Since the patient was a farmer by occupation, it was thought that the grass seed might had been inserted accidentally into Wharton’s duct. Due to their linear extensions They move easily in a space freely

Chest X-rays in detecting injuries caused by blunt trauma

BACKGROUND: The appropriate sequence of different imagings and indications of thoracic computed tomography (TCT) in evaluating chest trauma have not yet been clarified at present. The current study was undertaken to determine the value of chest X-ray (CXR) in detecting chest injuries in patients with blunt trauma

The Validity of YouTube Videos on Pediatric BLS and CPR

Background: There are few data regarding the validity of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and basic life support (BLS) videos on YouTube in the medical literature, and those that do are only analyzing adult CPR videos. The present study aimed to determine the reliability and accuracy of pediatric CPR and BLS videos as to whether they are consistent with the 2010 CPR guidelines. Materials and Methods: YouTube was scanned in January 2015 using the key words "Pediatric CPR Pediatric BLS'' without any filters. The raw data collected in the study included sources that uploaded the videos, the record time, the number of viewers in the study period, and inclusion of human or mannequins. Furthermore, the contents of the videos were evaluated as to whether they are consistent with the 2010 resuscitation guidelines. All videos were seen by two independent researchers (emergency physicians) and scored between 0 and 8. Results: In total, 1,200 videos were evaluated regarding the exclusion criteria, which yielded 232 eligible ones. Most of the videos were found to be uploaded by individuals with unspecified credentials (34.1%). Of the videos, 15.5% have content inconsistent with the 2010 guidelines. The median score of all the videos are not high enough (5 [interquartile range (IQR), 4-7]), and only one-third of the videos have optimal quality with scores of 7 or 8. The downloaded number of videos compatible with guidelines was significantly higher relative to the videos not compatible with the guidelines (15,38([IQR, 881-31515] versus 477 [IQR, 108-3,797); p = 0.0001). The videos downloaded more than 10,000 times had a higher score than the others (median scores of 7 and 5, respectively; p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Moderate numbers of YouTube videos purporting to be about pediatric life support have optimal quality, and few of them are perfect. Furthermore, YouTube videos uploaded by news programs with an insufficient quality have the highest download rates

YouTube as a source of information on varicose veins

Background There has been little investigation of videos related to varicose veins in Internet media. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and scientific accuracy of the videos related to varicose veins which were uploaded to the youtube.com website.Methods The YouTube site was searched in October 2014 using the keywords varicose vein, varicose veins, and varicosis with no filter. The contents of the reviewed videos were assigned to three groups as useful, partly useful, and not useful by using the criteria including the scientific contents of the videos, contemporariness and accuracy of the insight, and presentation of the data particularly regarding the visual features. The statistical analysis was based only on the videos rated as useful.'Results In total, 1519 (84.4%) of 1800 videos evaluated were excluded. Many of the sources uploading videos to the website were healthcare professionals (32.7% n=92). Regarding the source of the upload, those from official institutions/associations were viewed statistically significantly more often than videos uploaded by all others (p=0.001). The rated usefulness was significantly higher for videos uploaded by official institutions/associations (100%) than those uploaded by others (p=0.01).Conclusions Official institutions/associations should be encouraged to produce and upload videos including up-to-date and comprehensive information regarding the disease. Likewise, additional search tools would be useful to locate videos uploaded by academic figures and institutions

YouTube as a source of information on varicose veins.

BACKGROUND: There has been little investigation of videos related to varicose veins in Internet media. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and scientific accuracy of the videos related to varicose veins which were uploaded to the youtube.com website. METHODS: The YouTube site was searched in October 2014 using the keywords varicose vein, varicose veins, and varicosis with no filter. The contents of the reviewed videos were assigned to three groups as useful, partly useful, and not useful by using the criteria including the scientific contents of the videos, contemporariness and accuracy of the insight, and presentation of the data particularly regarding the visual features. The statistical analysis was based only on the videos rated as 'useful.' RESULTS: In total, 1519 (84.4%) of 1800 videos evaluated were excluded. Many of the sources uploading videos to the website were healthcare professionals (32.7% n = 92). Regarding the source of the upload, those from official institutions/associations were viewed statistically significantly more often than videos uploaded by all others (p = 0.001). The rated usefulness was significantly higher for videos uploaded by official institutions/associations (100%) than those uploaded by others (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Official institutions/associations should be encouraged to produce and upload videos including up-to-date and comprehensive information regarding the disease. Likewise, additional search tools would be useful to locate videos uploaded by academic figures and institutions

Chest X-rays in detecting injuries caused by blunt trauma.

BACKGROUND: The appropriate sequence of different imagings and indications of thoracic computed tomography (TCT) in evaluating chest trauma have not yet been clarified at present. The current study was undertaken to determine the value of chest X-ray (CXR) in detecting chest injuries in patients with blunt trauma. METHODS: A total of 447 patients with blunt thoracic trauma who had been admitted to the emergency department (ED) in the period of 2009-2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients met inclusion criteria (age>8 years, blunt injury to the chest, hemodynamically stable, and neurologically intact) and underwent both TCT and upright CXR in the ED. Radiological imagings were re-interpreted after they were collected from the hospital database by two skilled radiologists. RESULTS: Of the 447 patients, 309 (69.1%) were male. The mean age of the 447 patients was 39.5±19.2 (range 9 and 87 years). 158 (35.3%) patients were injured in motor vehicle accidents (MVA). CXR showed the highest sensitivity in detecting clavicle fractures [95%CI 78.3 (63.6-89)] but the lowest in pneuomediastinum [95%CI 11.8 (1.5-36.4)]. The specificity of CXR was close to 100% in detecting a wide array of entities. CONCLUSION: CXR remains to be the first choice in hemodynamically unstable patients with blunt chest trauma. Moreover, stable patients with normal CXR are candidates who should undergo TCT if significant injury has not been ruled out