Geometrical design of stand pipe air distributors for the combustion of municipal solid waste in a fluidised bed

The new geometrical design of stand-pipe air distributor for the combustion of the municipal solid waste was presented. The new design of the air distributors enables penetration of incombustible and unburnt carbon through opening between the air distributors, thus providing easy maintenance work. The fluidized bed experimental rig was constructed using Perspex column in which air was supplied through the distributors below it. In order to establish the final geometrical design of the air distributors, several design parameters were investigated. The effect of orifice size, distance between orifice and distance between distributor pipes on the fluidization behaviour were studied. Investigation on the effects of various orifice sizes of 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm showed that the 3 mm orifice size exhibited the most stable fluidization behaviour. Investigation on some selected orifice distances of 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm and 40 mm also found that the 10 mm orifice distance exhibited stable growths of bubbles. Various pipe distances of 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm and 70 mm were also investigated and the most suitable pipe distance was 70 mm

Facade Identification of colonial buildings in the city of Bandung

Colonial architecture was present in Indonesia through the work of Dutch architects and was intended for the Dutch who lived in Indonesia around the beginning of the 17th century until 1942. At first, Europeans came to Indonesia to trade, then they built houses and settlements in several cities close to ports in Indonesia. Their houses generally have walls made of boards and wood with roof coverings made of palm fiber, but conflicts often occur, so the fortress begins. Inside, several buildings were built from brick materials imported from European countries. After that, they built many houses, churches, and public buildings with urban planning and architecture similar to their home countries. The story of colonial houses in Bandung began around 200 years after the Dutch East Indies government built a connecting road between Bandung and Batavia, Bandung was nominated as the capital of the Dutch East Indies, by moving Batavia to Bandung. The preparatory steps include building government buildings and settlements with a good spatial plan. So that at that time, the city of Bandung experienced intensive development. Gemeente-werken Bandung with the command of Ir. F.J.L. Ghijsels built 750 modern buildings for the current size, as part of the preparation for the capital\u27s move. The development also made Bandung save a lot of Indo-European-style architectural works. This made Bandung at that time nicknamed The Most European City in the East Indies. The method used in this study is qualitative with more emphasis on the analysis of several colonial buildings in the city of Bandung, especially the front facade consisting of the shape of the facade, doors, windows, roofs and ornaments. analysis by taking several examples of colonial buildings in the city of Bandung then in the analysis of the front view of the building. Keywords Architecture, Colonial, Conservatio

Inefficiencies in Public Electricity Provision and Impacts on Firms in Karachi’s Manufacturing Sector

The private costs of electricity supply failures are substantial and inimical to industrial productivity. Using results from a small sample survey of manufacturing firms in Karachi, the study documented the causes, extent and incidence of the failures, identified and classified the firms’ private responses, and estimated the capital share of internally produced power and the associated costs. The results are reported here to engender discussion for developing a policy model of infrastructure provision suited to a developing country like Pakistan. The most encouraging options are those that allow for cooperative provision amongst firms with concurrent reforms in the regulatory and institutional environments. An optimal policy will allow inter-firm trading of electricity making the power market competitive. Those firms that already have extensive private generating capacity due to weak public supply will realise scale economies by selling electric power to lower the costs of private provision. Competition in electricity supply implies that industrial users will find attractive substitutes in the private sector. This will lead to a reduction in the demand on public service, already limited in quantity and quality in key urban-industrial locations like Karachi.

Families of pure PEPS with efficiently simulatable local hidden variable models for most measurements

An important problem in quantum information theory is to understand what makes entangled quantum systems non-local or hard to simulate efficiently. In this work we consider situations in which various parties have access to a restricted set of measurements on their particles, and construct entangled quantum states that are essentially classical for those measurements. In particular, given any set of local measurements on a large enough Hilbert space whose dual strictly contains (i.e. contains an open neighborhood of) a pure state, we use the PEPS formalism and ideas from generalized probabilistic theories to construct pure multiparty entangled states that have (a) local hidden variable models, and (b) can be efficiently simulated classically. We believe that the examples we construct cannot be efficiently classically simulated using previous techniques. Without the restriction on the measurements, the states that we construct are non-local, and in some proof-of-principle cases are universal for measurement based quantum computation.This work was supported by EPSRC grant EP/K022512/1.This work was supported by EPSRC grant EP/K022512/1

Sistem Sentralisasi Kepolisian Indonesia dalam Pradigma Good Governance

Keberadaan lembaga kepolisian dalam suatu negara mutlak diperlukan. Tidak ada satu pun negara di dunia ini yang tidak mempunyai lembaga kepolisian. Namun demikian, antara satu lembaga kepolisian pada suatu negara belum tentu menggunakan sistem kepolisian yang sama pula dikarenakan adanya pengaruh dari faktor sistem politik/pemerintahan yang dianut serta mekanisme sistem kontrol sosial yang berlaku dalam negara tersebut. Bahkan dengan sistem pemerintahan yang sama-sama menganut paham demokratis pun, belum tentu menggunakan sistem kepolisian yang sama. Sebagaimana diketahui secara universal hingga kini yaitu di dalam negara-negara demokratis terdapat tiga sistem kepolisian yang digunakan, yaitu Sistem Kepolisian Terpisah (Fragmented System of Policing), Sistem Kepolisian Terpusat (Centralized System of Policing) dan Sistem Kepolisian Terpadu (Integrated System of Policing). Oleh karena itulah dalam praktik kepolisian dipandang perlu untuk menelaah lebih lanjut terkait dengan berbagai kelemahan maupun kelebihan dimaksud melalui suatu metode perbandingan antar sistem kepolisian dalam rangka mendapatkan pemahaman secara integral tentang perbedaan yang terdapat antara suatu sistem kepolisian pada suatu negara tertentu dengan sistem kepolisian negara lain. Sistem kepolisian di Indonesia menggunakan paradigma Centralized System of Policing, yaitu suatu sistem kepolisian yang terpusat di mana sistem kepolisian berada di bawah kendali atau pengawasan langsung oleh pemerintah pusat. Sistem ini dahulunya dianut oleh sistem pemerintahan yang totaliter seperti Jerman pada era Nazi. Outcome yang hendak dicapai dari hasil perbandingan sistem kepolisian dimaksud antara lain agar dapat diambil suatu manfaat dari suatu sistem kepolisian negara tertentu bagi negara lainnya, antara lain berupa penataan dan pengembangan organisasi (organizational development) serta pengembangan potensi kerjasama kerjasama antar lembaga kepolisian beberapa negara

Kualitas Layanan dan Kepuasan Nasabah pada PT. Armada Finance di Samarinda

This studyaims to determinehow the effect ofservice qualityon customer satisfactionwithPT. ArmadaFinanceinSamarinda, as well astodetermine which variableshavethe servicesmost impact oncustomersatisfactionatPT. ArmadaFinanceinSamarinda.Analysis toolsto be usedin the studyisStatisticsLinear Regressionandassistedby usingSPSSversion19.0computercalculations. The variablesincluded inthis studyis theindependent variable(X) consistingofReliability(X1), Responsiveness(X2), Assurance(X3), Emphaty(X4) andTangibles(X5) and thedependent variable(Y) iscustomersatisfaction, withthe number of samplesthat will be therespondents in this studyas many as88people.Ofcalculationandanalysis, it can be seenthat thevariableReliability(X1), Responsiveness(X2), Assurance(X3), Emphaty(X4) andTangibles(X5) has a significant influenceon customer satisfaction. This was confirmedalsobythe value ofF count=19.039at significance levelα=0.000is greater thantheF table=2.311at significant levelα=0.05for 82degrees of freedom. The mostinfluentialindependent variableon the dependent variable(customer satisfaction) isAssurancevariablewith avalue oft =3.585>from thetable =1.661andT=0.001Sig.From theresults of these calculationsso thatit can be concludedthat thevariableReliability(X1), Responsiveness(X2), Assurance(X3), Emphaty(X4) andTangibles(X5) have asignificant influence oncustomersatisfactionin thePT. ArmadaFinanceinSamarinda, as well asAssurancevariablehas thegreatest influenceon customer satisfactionin thePT. ArmadaFinanceinSamarinda