Weakly Semi-2-Absorbing Submodules By

In this paper we introduce and study the concept weakly semi-2-absorbing submodule as a generalization of 2-absorbing subomdule, and give some of it is basic properties and characterization of this concep

Factors Associated with an Unhealthy Lifestyle among Adults in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia

Background: Unhealthy lifestyles are a global concern. This study measured the prevalence and factors associated with an unhealthy lifestyle in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: An interview-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with 968 males and 2029 females, aged 30–75 years, covering 18 primary health care centers in Riyadh. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the significant determinants associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. Results: Overall, men were 1.49 (1.28, 1.74) times at higher risk of an unhealthy lifestyle compared to women. Men reporting unhealthy lifestyle were 2.1 (1.3, 3.4) and 1.5 (1.0, 2.6) times more likely than men with healthy lifestyle to cite not enjoying physical activity, lack of social support, and not having enough information about a healthy diet [1.5 (1.0, 2.0)], whereas those ≥ 45 years age group were 30 times less likely to report unhealthy lifestyle [0.7 (0.5, 0.9)]. In contrast, in women aged ≥ 45 years [1.3 (1.1, 1.7)], lack of motivation [1.3 (1.1, 1.7)], feeling conscious while exercising [2.0 (1.4, 2.9)], not enjoying healthy food [1.6 (1.3, 2.1)], and no family support to prepare healthy food [1.4 (1.1, 1.8)] were significantly associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. Conclusions: In a Saudi sample, younger men and older women are at higher risk of an unhealthy lifestyle. In addition to self-motivation, combined strategies to promote physical activity and healthy eating are required to improve lifestyle

Consequences of neglected traumatic spinal cord injuries

الملخص: أهداف البحث: تسببت إصابات الحبل الشوكي بإعاقات كبيرة تعتبر أحداثا مدمرة ومحبطة لكل من المرضى ومقدمي الرعاية الصحية. معظم إصابات الحبل الشوكي الرضحية تنسب الى الحوادث المرورية. الإصابات المهملة تؤدي الى مضاعفات ونتائج سيئة. في هذا الدراسة نبحث في أسباب وعواقب ونتائج إصابات الحبل الشوكي الرضحية المهملة طرق البحث: تم إجراء هذه الدراسة في مدينة الملك عبد العزيز الطبية في الرياض، المملكة العربية السعودية. من بين ٧٥٠ مريضا تم علاجهم في الفترة بين فبراير ٢٠۱٦ الى فبراير ٢٠٢۱ استوفى ۱٨ مريضا معيار التضمين الخاص بالدراسة وهي إصابة رضحية عالية الطاقة للحبل الشوكي مصاحبة لعجز عصبي، مما استلزم تخل جراحي بعد۱٤ يوم أو أكثر من تاريخ الإصابة. النتائج: من بين ۱٨ مريضا يعانون من إصابات الحبل الشوكي الرضحية المهملة، كان ٧٢٫٢٪ منهم ذكور. كان متوسط عمر المرضى وقت الإصابة ۳٦٫٨ عاما، كان جميع المرضى يعانون من إصابات في النخاع الشوكي ناتجة عن حوادث مرورية، وكان ٧٧٫٨٪ من خارج مدينة الرياض والتي تعزى الى تأخر الإحالة الى مركز ثلاثي متخصص عند معظم الحالات (٨٨٫٩٪). بلغ متوسط مدة الإهمال ٤۳ يوما، واطولها ۱٢٥ يوما. كان أكثر مواقع الإصابة شيوعا هو منطقة الصدر القطني (٥٥٫٥٪). تحسن لدى ٢ من المرضى مقياس الضعف بناء على مقياس جمعية إصابات العمود الفقري الأمريكية. حدثت تقرحات الفراش لدى ٥٥٫٥٪ وتجلط الأوردة العميقة في ٢٧٫٨٪ من المرضى. بعد الجراحة، احتاج ٧٧٪ من المرضى الى دخول العناية المركزة. لم يتلق معظم المرضى (۱٢) تأهيل متخصص لإصابات النخاع الشوكي بعد الجراحة الاستنتاجات: الإحالة المبكرة للمرضى الذين يعانون من إصابات الحبل الشوكي الرضحية ضرورية لمنع المضاعفات القصيرة والطويلة -الأجل. Abstract: Objectives: Spinal cord injuries cause major disabilities and are devastating events for both patients and healthcare providers. Most traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCIs) are due to motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). Neglected injuries result in complications and poor outcomes. Here, we investigated the causes, consequences, and outcomes of neglected TSCIs. Methods: This case series study was performed at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, KSA. Of the 750 patients treated between February 2016 and February 2021, 18 patients met our inclusion criterion of neglected high-energy TSCI with neurological deficit, necessitating surgical intervention more than 14 days after the index trauma. Results: Of the 18 patients with neglected TSCIs, 72.2% were men. The patients’ mean age at the time of injury was 36.8 years, 77.8% were from outside Riyadh, and all patients had MVA-induced TSCIs, 88.9% of which were attributable to delayed referral to a tertiary center. The mean duration of neglect was 43 days, and the longest duration was 125 days. The most common site of injury was the thoracolumbar region (55.5%). The American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale score improved in two patients. Bed sores occurred in 55.5%, and deep vein thrombosis occurred in 27.8% of patients. Postoperatively, 77% of patients required intensive care unit admission. Most patients (12) did not receive specialized spinal cord injury rehabilitation postoperatively. Conclusion: Early referral of patients with TSCIs is crucial to prevent short- and long-term complications

Clinical management and genomic profiling of pediatric low-grade gliomas in Saudi Arabia.

Pediatric Low Grade Gliomas (PLGGs) display heterogeneity regarding morphology, genomic drivers and clinical outcomes. The treatment modality dictates the outcome and optimizing patient management can be challenging. In this study, we profiled a targeted panel of cancer-related genes in 37 Saudi Arabian patients with pLGGs to identify genetic abnormalities that can inform prognostic and therapeutic decision-making. We detected genetic alterations (GAs) in 97% (36/37) of cases, averaging 2.51 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and 0.91 gene fusions per patient. The KIAA1549-BRAF fusion was the most common alteration (21/37 patients) followed by AFAP1-NTRK2 (2/37) and TBLXR-PI3KCA (2/37) fusions that were observed at much lower frequencies. The most frequently mutated) genes were NOTCH1-3 (7/37), ATM (4/37), RAD51C (3/37), RNF43 (3/37), SLX4 (3/37) and NF1 (3/37). Interestingly, we identified a GOPC-ROS1 fusion in an 8-year-old patient whose tumor lacked BRAF alterations and histologically classified as low grade glioma. The patient underwent gross total resection (GTR). The patient is currently disease free. To our knowledge this is the first report of GOPC-ROS1 fusion in PLGG. Taken together, we reveal the genetic characteristics of pLGG patients can enhance diagnostics and therapeutic decisions. In addition, we identified a GOPC-ROS1 fusion that may be a biomarker for pLGG