Unapređenje kondicijske pripremljenosti mladih nogometaša primjenom igranja malog nogometa na različitim veličinama igrališta – poseban osvrt na fiziološke odgovore

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether young soccer players change their physiological responses according to the different sizes of a pitch for 3-a-side and 4-a-side games (SSG). Sixteen young soccer players (age 14.2±0.6 yrs; height 162.8±5.7cm; body mass 55.1±7.4kg) participated in three different format of 3-a-side (small pitch size: SSGS, 20x15m; medium pitch size: SSGM, 25x18m; large pitch size: SSGL, 30x20m) and 4-a-side (SSGS, 20x20m; SSGM, 30x20m; SSGL, 32x25m) games. Each player performed the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (YIRT) level 1. Then, the 3-a-side and 4-a-side games were organized in random order at 2-day intervals. During SSGs, heart rate (HR) was recorded. In addition, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was determined at the end of each SSG. The study results demonstrated that young soccer players presented significantly higher HR (F=14.722; p<.05; η2=0.495), %HRmax (F=14.694; p<.05; η2=0.495) and RPE10 (F=14.045; p<.05; η2=0.484) during 3-a-side SSGL compared to both 3-a-side SSGS and SSGM. Moreover, the 4-a-side SSGL induced significantly higher HR (F=6.658; p<.05; η2=0.307), %HRmax (F=6.495; p<.05; η2=0.302) and RPE10 (F=18.719; p<.05; η2=0.555) compared to 4-a-side SSGS. Therefore, it can be concluded that young soccer players could change their physiological responses during SSGs according to a different pitch size. The results of this study suggest that coaches of young soccer players should pay special attention to choosing the SSG type and pitch size when targeting physical conditioning of players in soccer training.Cilj je ovog istraživanja bio utvrditi da li mladi nogometaši različito fiziološki odgovaraju na igranje malog nogometa 3 na 3 i 4 na 4 kada se mijenja veličina igrališta. Šesnaest mladih nogometaša (14,2±0,6 godina, tjelesne visine 162,8±5,7 cm i tjelesne težine 55,1±7,4 kg) igralo je mali nogomet 3 na 3 na tri različite veličine igrališta (malo igralište: SSGS, 20x15m; srednje igralište: SSGM, 25x18m; veliko igralište: SSGL, 30x20m) te 4 na 4 na (SSGS, 20x20m; SSGM, 30x20m; SSGL, 32x25m). Svaki igrač je bio testiran pomoću YoYo intermittent recovery testa (YYIRT) 1. razine. Nakon provedenih testiranja, slučajnim redoslijedom, u intervalima od 2 dana, igrao se mali nogomet 3 na 3 i 4 na 4. Tijekom igranja malog nogometa bilježena je frekvencija srca (FS). Nadalje, nakon posljednjeg perioda svake igre zabilježena je i subjektivna procjena opterećenja (SPO). Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da mladi nogometaši manifestiraju značajno višu frekvenciju srca (F=14,722; p<,05; η2=0,495), %FS (F=14,694; p<,05; η2=0,495) i SPO10 (F=14.045; p<,05; η2=0,484) tijekom igranja 3 na 3 na velikom igralištu u odnosu na igranje 3 na 3 na srednjem i malom igralištu. Štoviše, igranje 4 na 4 na velikom igralištu izazvalo je značajno višu frekvenciju srca (F=6,658; p<,05; η2=0.307), %FSmax (F=6,495; p<,05; η2=0,302) i SPO10 (F=18,719; p<,05; η2=0,555) u usporedbi s igranjem 4 na 4 na malom igralištu. Stoga se može zaključiti da mladi nogometaši manifestiraju različite fiziološke odgovore na igranje malog nogometa na igralištima različite veličine. Rezultati ovog istraživanja sugeriraju da bi treneri koji rade s mladim nogometašima trebali obratiti pažnju na odabir broja igrača i veličinu igrališta u odnosu na broj igrača kako bi poboljšali željenu razinu kondicijske pripremljenosti tijekom nogometnog treninga

Improvement of the physical conditioning of young soccer players by playing small-sided games on different pitch size - Special reference to physiological responses

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether young soccer players change their physiological responses according to the different sizes of a pitch for 3-a-side and 4-a-side games (SSG). Sixteen young soccer players (age 14.2±0.6 yrs; height 162.8±5.7 cm; body mass 55.1±7.4 kg) participated in three different formats of 3-a-side (small pitch size: SSGS, 20x15 m; medium pitch size: SSG GM, 25x18 m; large pitch size: SSG L, 30x20 m) and 4-a-side (SSGS, 20x20 m; SSGM, 30x20 m; SSG L, 32x25 m) games. Each player performed the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (YIRT) level 1. Then, the 3-a-side and 4-a-side games were organized in random order at 2-day intervals. During SSG, heart rate (HR) was recorded. In addition, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was determined at the end of each SSG. The study results demonstrated that young soccer players presented significantly higher HR (F=14.722; p&lt;.05; η2=0.495), %HRmax (F=14.694; p&lt;.05; η2=0.495) and RPE10 (F=14.045; p&lt;.05; η2=0.484) during 3-a-side SSGL compared to both 3-a-side SSG S and SSGM. Moreover, the 4-a-side SSGL induced significantly higher HR (F=6.658; p&lt;.05; η2=0.307), %HRmax (F=6.495; p&lt;.05; η2=0.302) and RPE10 (F=18.719; p&lt;.05; η2=0.555) compared to 4-a-side SSGS. Therefore, it can be concluded that young soccer players could change their physiological responses during SSGs according to a different pitch size. The results of this study suggest that coaches of young soccer players should pay special attention to choosing the SSG type and pitch size when targeting physical conditioning of players in soccer training