Cubesats for monitoring atmospheric processes (CubeMAP): a constellation mission to study the middle atmosphere

Some aspects of the CubeMAP mission (also known as ESP-MACCS) are presented: its science objectives, and the primary choices made to address them from small satellite platforms. The science case, addressing some key scientific questions related to global change, is elaborated in four objectives focused on upper troposphere and stratospheric composition and its change. The sounding methodology and the associated observation concept retained is a constellation of miniature limb solar occultation thermal infrared sounders, offering the advantages of limb solar occultation, whilst mitigating the inherent lack of coverage of this geometry. The mission focuses on tropical regions as the gateway to the upper troposphere, and the stratosphere. The miniaturized instrument payloads developed for the mission are briefly presented: the High resolution InfraRed Occultation Spectrometer (HIROS) and the Hyperspectral Solar Disk Imager (HSDI). Lastly, the nanosatellite 12U platform and its subsystem are described, completing the overview of the mission space segment

Antenna technologies from 435 MHz to 356 GHz for ESA's candidate Earth Explorer satellite missions

\u3cp\u3eAs a result of down-selection after Phase 0 for the 7\u3csup\u3eth\u3c/sup\u3e Earth Explorer mission following the User Consultation Meeting held in Lisbon, Portugal in Jan 2009, three candidate missions were selected for further feasibility investigations (Phase A) [1]. Each of the candidate missions is now being defined in detail through two parallel and competing industrial system studies and supporting complementary science and technology studies, aiming to the final down-selection in 2012, followed by the mission implementation with a planned launch in the 2017 timeframe. The microwave payloads of those candidate missions cover the frequency range from 435 MHz to 356 GHz. The BIOMASS candidate mission aims to measure the global forest biomass at P-band (435 MHz) using the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique. Due to the long wavelength and large distance between the satellite and the Earth, a very large antenna aperture is required (50 - 100 m\u3csup\u3e2\u3c/sup\u3e). The CoReH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eO candidate missions aims to quantitatively measure the global distribution of snow over land and sea ice at X-(9.6 GHz) and Ku-band (17.2 GHz) using the SAR technique. The PREMIER candidate mission, carrying an infrared limb sounder and a microwave limb sounder, the latter covering the frequency range of 313 - 356 GHz, aims to measure atmospheric composition in the upper Troposphere and lower Stratosphere. Three very distinct antenna technologies are required for enabling those satellite missions. This paper describes the different antenna concepts proposed and corresponding technology developments which are on-going.\u3c/p\u3