State-of-the-art technologies for post-trip safety interventions

Several systems and methods have been investigated in order to develop an appropriate driver monitoring and mentoring strategy after each trip. The i-DREAMS0F 1 platform allows the implementation of post-trip interventions, meant to motivate and enable human operators to develop the appropriate safety-oriented attitude in the future. Hence, the scope of this paper is to investigate the state-of-the-art technologies utilized in four different transport modes (car, truck, bus and rail) for post-trip interventions associated with risk prevention and mitigation. Overall, several smartphone applications and web-based platforms have been explicitly designed for providing post-trip feedback to drivers, in order to identify risky driving performance, improve their behaviour and promote road safety. With regards to car-specific interventions, driver systems with gamification features and visual notifications enabled drivers to achieve a better performance. In addition, smartphone applications were found to offer a scalable, and easily implementable alternative to current road monitoring methods, although methodological challenges still remain. In trucks and buses, interventions were usually part of a broader framework (e.g. including driver coaching and management commitment) and the effects of such interventions was not be taken into account in isolation for accomplishing a sufficient safety culture change. Lastly, as of yet no post-trip interventions to improve rail drivers’ safety appear were identified in the literature

Post-trip safety interventions: state-of-the-art, challenges and practical implications

Currently, risky driving behavior is a major contributor to road crashes and as a result, wide array of tools have been developed in order to record and improve driving behavior. Within that group of tools, interventions have been indicated to significantly enhance driving behavior and road safety. This study critically reviews monitoring technologies that provide post-trip interventions, such as retrospective visual feedback, gamification, rewards or penalties, in order to inform an appropriate driver mentoring strategy delivered after each trip. The work presented here is part of the European Commission H2020 i-DREAMS project. The reviewed platform characteristics were obtained through commercially available solutions as well as a comprehensive literature search in popular scientific databases, such as Scopus and Google Scholar. Focus was given on state-of-the-art-technologies for post-trip interventions utilized in four different transport modes (i.e. car, truck, bus and rail) associated with risk prevention and mitigation. The synthesized results revealed that smartphone applications and webbased platforms are the most accepted, frequently and easiest to use tools in cars, buses and trucks across all papers considered, while limited evidence of post-trip interventions in -rail was found. The majority of smartphone applications detected mobile phone use and harsh events and provided individual performance scores, while in-vehicle systems provided delayed visual reports through a web-based platform. Gamification and appropriate rewards appeared to be effective solutions, as it was found that they keep drivers motivated in improving their driving skills, but it was clear that these cannot be performed in isolation and a combination with other strategies (i.e. driver coaching and support) might be beneficial. Nevertheless, as there is no holistic and cross-modal post-trip intervention solution developed in real-world environments, challenges associated with post-trip feedback provision and suggestions on practical implementation are also provided

D2.2 Technologies for safety interventions and assessment of their effectiveness

The main topics that are being mentioned in the present deliverable are the state-of-the-art technology for safety interventions, as well as the assessment of their effectiveness. This work addresses the safety interventions, including real-time and post-trip interventions in terms of effectiveness, acceptance and overall assessment for the project

D3.3 Toolbox of recommended interventions to assist drivers in maintaining a safety tolerance zone

The work presented in this deliverable relates to the intervention pillar of the to-be-developed i-DREAMS platform. One of the key-targets of the i-DREAMS platform is to keep vehicle operators as much as possible within the Safety Tolerance Zone (STZ) while driving. In order to do so, a combination of invehicle interventions and post-trip interventions will be deployed