3 research outputs found
Successful management of chylothorax with etilefrine: case report in 2 pediatric patients
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)'
- Publication date
- 01/05/2018
- Field of study
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Chylothorax is defined as the accumulation of chyle within the pleural space. Originally described in 1917 by Pisek, it is the most common cause of pleural effusion in the neonatal period. The leading cause of chylothorax is laceration of the thoracic duct during surgery, which occurs in 0.85% to 6.6% of children undergoing cardiothoracic surgery. Few authors of reports in the literature have looked at etilefrine, a relatively unknown sympathomimetic, as an option for the medical treatment of chylothorax. In this case report, we review the clinical course of 2 infants with type III esophageal atresia who developed chylothorax after thoracic surgery and were successfully treated with intravenous etilefrine after failing initial dietary and pharmacological management.Revisión por pare
Risk of COVID-19 after natural infection or vaccinationResearch in context
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- A. Lina Rosengren
- Abram Burgher
- Adam B. Brosz
- Adam Rosen
- Adam Schwartz
- Adriana Sordo Duran
- Adrienna Marquez
- Adrienne E. Shapiro
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- Afsoon Roberts
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- Taryn Petty
- Tatiana Beresnev
- Tavane Harrison
- Taylor Nelson
- Teletha Gipson
- Teresa A. Batteiger
- Teresa Becker
- Teresa Deese
- Teresa S. Sligh
- Teri Thompson-Seim
- Terri Moye
- Terry D. Klein
- Terry L. Poling
- Terry Piedra
- Theresa Hegmann
- Thomas B. Campbell
- Thomas C. Klein
- Thomas C.S. Martin
- Thomas Mellman
- Thomas Patterson
- Thomas Weiss
- Tiffany Esinhart
- Tiffany Nemecek
- Tiffany Schwasinger-Schmidt
- Tilly Varughese
- Timothy J. Hatlen
- Timothy P. Vachris
- Timothy Shope
- Timothy W. Schacker
- Timothy Wilkin
- Tina Tong
- Tina Wang
- Toby Briskin
- Todd Simmons
- Tom Fiel
- Toni Robinson
- Toni White
- Tracy Okonya
- Tracy R. Klein
- Trina L. Reynolds
- Troy Holdeman
- Tyler D. Bold
- Uriel R. Felsen
- Valentine M. Ebuh
- Valeria D. Cantos
- Valerie K. Arnold
- Vanessa Abad
- Vanessa Raabe
- Veronica G. Fragoso
- Veronica Garcia-Fragoso
- Veronica Procasky
- Veronica Viar
- Vicki E. Miller
- Vickie Leathers
- Victoria Andriulis
- Victoria Engler
- Victoria Mosteller
- Victoria R. Anderson
- Vida Veronica Ruiz Herrera
- Vincent Huynh
- Vincent Mirkil
- Vivek Rajasekhar
- Viviana Gonzalez
- Vladimir Berthaud
- Walter Patton
- Wanda Ramon
- Waseem Chughtai
- Wayne L. Harper
- Wayne Woo
- Wendell Lewis
- Wendell Lewis III
- Wendy A. Keitel
- Wesley Campbell
- Wesley Van Ever
- Westly Keating
- Whitney West
- Will Hernandez
- William B. Davis
- William B. Smith
- William H. Jones
- William Jennings
- William Kirby
- William P. Silver
- William R. Hartman
- William S. Davis Jr.
- William Schnitz
- William Seger
- Winniberg Stephany Alvarez León
- Winston Cavert
- Xiaomi Tong
- Yaa D. Oppong
- Yi H. Wu
- Ying Huang
- Yogesh K. Paliwal
- Youyi Fong
- Yunda Huang
- Yunda Huang
- Yvonne Davis
- Zachary Bittner
- Zainab Rizvi
- Zindy Yazmín Zárate Hinojosa
- Zudi-Mwak Takizala
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 01/10/2023
- Field of study
Summary: Background: While vaccines have established utility against COVID-19, phase 3 efficacy studies have generally not comprehensively evaluated protection provided by previous infection or hybrid immunity (previous infection plus vaccination). Individual patient data from US government-supported harmonized vaccine trials provide an unprecedented sample population to address this issue. We characterized the protective efficacy of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against COVID-19 early in the pandemic over three-to six-month follow-up and compared with vaccine-associated protection. Methods: In this post-hoc cross-protocol analysis of the Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, we allocated participants into four groups based on previous-infection status at enrolment and treatment: no previous infection/placebo; previous infection/placebo; no previous infection/vaccine; and previous infection/vaccine. The main outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 >7–15 days (per original protocols) after final study injection. We calculated crude and adjusted efficacy measures. Findings: Previous infection/placebo participants had a 92% decreased risk of future COVID-19 compared to no previous infection/placebo participants (overall hazard ratio [HR] ratio: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05–0.13). Among single-dose Janssen participants, hybrid immunity conferred greater protection than vaccine alone (HR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.10). Too few infections were observed to draw statistical inferences comparing hybrid immunity to vaccine alone for other trials. Vaccination, previous infection, and hybrid immunity all provided near-complete protection against severe disease. Interpretation: Previous infection, any hybrid immunity, and two-dose vaccination all provided substantial protection against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 through the early Delta period. Thus, as a surrogate for natural infection, vaccination remains the safest approach to protection. Funding: National Institutes of Health
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Risk of COVID-19 after natural infection or vaccinationResearch in context
- Author
- Abad Vanessa
- Abate Getahun
- Abbas Anum
- Ackerman Jamie
- Ackerman Ronald
- Ackermann Jeremy
- Adams Atoya
- Adams Mark S.
- Adams Michael R.
- Adelglass Jeffrey
- Afework Sarah
- Ahmad Nina
- Akamine Christine
- Ake Julie A.
- Al-Ibrahim Mohamed S.
- Albert Gary
- Alcaide Maria L.
- Alderson Nathan
- Aleman Lily
- Alemán José O.
- Allaw Mohammed
- Alva E. Javier Pretell
- Alvarado Hilario
- Amador Carmen
- Andersen James
- Anderson Corey G.
- Anderson Evan J.
- Anderson Victoria R.
- Andes David R.
- Andrasik Michele P.
- Andree Stephanie
- Andrews Jeb
- Andriesen Jessica G.
- Andriulis Victoria
- Ansel Jessica L.
- Anthony Codi M.
- Antwi Mohammed
- Arduino Roberto C.
- Aristy Florida
- Arnold Valerie K.
- Arrazcaeta Alicia
- Atmar Robert L.
- Avworo Ayoade
- Bacher Christina
- Baden Lindsey R.
- Badillo Diana
- Bainbridge Emma
- Baka Michele
- Baker Sherrie
- Balani Bindu
- Ball Brandy
- Bances Karla Beatriz Tafur
- Baron Mira
- Barranco-Santana Elizabeth
- Bartilucci Darlene
- Bashour Jennifer
- Batteiger Teresa A.
- Baudelaire Clarisse
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- Schacker Timothy W.
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- Schroeck Debra B.
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- Schwartz Howard
- Schwartz Howard I.
- Schwartz Jennifer
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- Sciaudone Michael
- Scott Hyman
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- Shah Mitul
- Shairi Samira
- Shankaran Shivanjali
- Shannon Amie
- Shapiro Adrienne E.
- Sharp Stephan C.
- Shaw Marian E.
- Shelly Rozeli
- Shelton Sandra
- Sherman Amy
- Sheth Neil P.
- Shinn Steven
- Shlotzhauer Tammi L.
- Shope Timothy
- Shopsin Bo
- Shoptaw Steven
- Siddiqui Farhan
- Siegel Marc
- Sierra Dianca
- Silver William P.
- Simmons Todd
- Simon Gary
- Sims Matthew D.
- Singer Leonard
- Singletary Justin
- Skipper Stephanie
- Slechta Stacy
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- Smith Candace
- Smith Derek M.
- Smith Katherine
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- Smith Michael J.
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- Snell Kimberly
- Sobhanie M. Mahdee
- Sobieszczyk Magdalena E.
- Sogbetun Obiageli
- Solis Joel
- Sonnier Cora
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- Sovic Brit
- Spector Stephen A.
- Sperber Steven
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- Stanford Amber
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- Struyf Frank
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- Stull Mildred
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- Suen May-Yin
- Sugimoto Danny
- Suyehira Janice
- Swaminathan Shobha
- Swan Suzanne
- Swann Edith
- Swanson Austin
- Sweet Christy
- Swieboda Elisa
- Syndergaard Scott N.
- Takizala Zudi-Mwak
- Takuva Simbarashe G.
- Talaat Kawsar R.
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- Tapia Milagritos
- Tarakjian Denis
- Tashima Karen
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- Taylor Brandie
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- Teherani Meghan
- Theodore Deborah A.
- Thessing Jeffrey
- Thomas Meagan
- Thomas-Seaton LaTeshia
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- Thompson Karl M.
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- Treanor John J.
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- Ulrich Robert J.
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- Utz Gregory C.
- Vachris Timothy P.
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- Valika Insiya
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- Van Dromme Ilse
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- Varughese Tilly
- Vega Jocelyn Zuleica Olmos
- Vega Norma
- Vegas Diana
- Vertucci Michele
- Viar Veronica
- Viens Nicholas A.
- Villegas Marysol
- Vingerhoets Johan
- Vogler Mary
- Vowell Mandy
- Vrbicky Keith W.
- Wahlin Tami
- Wakefield Paul H.
- Wald Anna
- Walker James
- Walker Shannon
- Walsh Edward E.
- Walsh Mary C.
- Walsh Stephen R.
- Walsh Stephen R.
- Walter Emmanuel B.
- Walters Ayanna
- Wang Tina
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- Weidler Jessica L.
- Weiss Thomas
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- Wendell Lewis III
- Wendrow Andrea
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- Williams Samantha
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- Wilson Clint
- Wilson Greg
- Wilson Natasha
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- Winkle Peter J.
- Winokur Patricia L.
- Witbeck John
- Wohl David
- Woo Wayne
- Woodside Leana
- Wortman Glenn
- Wu Yi H.
- Wylie Paul E.
- Yang Fan
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- Yoon Anelgine C.
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- Young Cheryl
- Yu Chenchen
- Yusin Joseph
- Zapata Luz
- Zash Rebecca
- Zegarra Eneyda Giuvanela Llerena
- Zemanek Arthur L.
- Zenlea Kate
- Zepeda Karla
- Zervos Marcus J.
- Zhai Nan
- Zhang Kevin
- Zhou James
- Zimmer Andrea
- Zingman Barry S.
- Zorrilla Carmen D.
- Áñez Germán
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/10/2023
- Field of study
Background: While vaccines have established utility against COVID-19, phase 3 efficacy studies have generally not comprehensively evaluated protection provided by previous infection or hybrid immunity (previous infection plus vaccination). Individual patient data from US government-supported harmonized vaccine trials provide an unprecedented sample population to address this issue. We characterized the protective efficacy of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against COVID-19 early in the pandemic over three-to six-month follow-up and compared with vaccine-associated protection. Methods: In this post-hoc cross-protocol analysis of the Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, we allocated participants into four groups based on previous-infection status at enrolment and treatment: no previous infection/placebo; previous infection/placebo; no previous infection/vaccine; and previous infection/vaccine. The main outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 >7–15 days (per original protocols) after final study injection. We calculated crude and adjusted efficacy measures. Findings: Previous infection/placebo participants had a 92% decreased risk of future COVID-19 compared to no previous infection/placebo participants (overall hazard ratio [HR] ratio: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05–0.13). Among single-dose Janssen participants, hybrid immunity conferred greater protection than vaccine alone (HR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.10). Too few infections were observed to draw statistical inferences comparing hybrid immunity to vaccine alone for other trials. Vaccination, previous infection, and hybrid immunity all provided near-complete protection against severe disease. Interpretation: Previous infection, any hybrid immunity, and two-dose vaccination all provided substantial protection against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 through the early Delta period. Thus, as a surrogate for natural infection, vaccination remains the safest approach to protection. Funding: National Institutes of Health