Participant Disposition Flow Diagram.

<p>Participant Disposition Flow Diagram.</p

Correlation plot of log₁₀ viral load and CD4 count taken at the same visit, stratified by gender with least-squares line for males and females.

<p>Correlation plot of log₁₀ viral load and CD4 count taken at the same visit, stratified by gender with least-squares line for males and females.</p

Distribution of behavioural characteristics by CD4 and viral load.

<p>*p-value represents the comparison of proportions between CD4 count and viral load categories.</p

Characteristics of all asyptomatic, first time HIV testers at enrolment.

<p>* In the last month prior to the study.</p><p>P-values for condom usage and reason for testing not presented due to small numbers within group.</p

Demographic characteristics and contraceptive use by incident pregnancy.

*<p>Data from multiple time points contribute to this statistic, number for each time point not shown.</p

Multivariable model^* of screening factors associated with incident pregnancy.

*<p>Final model does not include 3 women with known HIV-positive partners as this stratum was too thin for modeling.</p>Λ<p>Adjusted for all other variables in the model; for variables with >2 levels the overall p value shown.</p>**<p>Heavy drinking defined as 5 or more alcoholic drinks in one day.</p

HIV risk indicators^* at screening by incident pregnancy.

*<p>Refers to six months prior to screening interview.</p>Λ<p>Heavy drinking defined as 5 or more alcoholic drinks in one day; 81% (52/64) of these women were heavy drinkers.</p>&<p>Includes women with partners where HIV status was either all unknown, or status known for 1 of multiple partners.</p>**<p>Excludes 3 women with known HIV-positive partners as data too scant for a separate stratum. No pregnancies occurred among these women.</p

PreScreening Data and Other Characteristics of Partners HSV-2 Study Sites

*<p>2004 or 2005 census data.</p>**<p>From PEPFAR (http//<a href="http://www.pepfar.gov/" target="_blank">www.pepfar.gov/</a>): “National HIV-1 prevalence among adults aged 15–49” for each country listed.</p> ˆ<p>Clinical trial recruitment also extended to outlying districts with total population of 0.75–1.5 million persons.</p>#<p>Source of HIV-1 prevalence data: Kenya-reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Kenyan1" target="_blank">[23]</a>; Uganda–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Ministry1" target="_blank">[7]</a>; Tanzania–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Kapiga1" target="_blank">[24]</a>; S. Africa–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Dorrington1" target="_blank">[25]</a>; Zambia–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-Zambia1" target="_blank">[26]</a>; Botswana–reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001411#pone.0001411-UN2" target="_blank">[27]</a>.</p>&<p>-Total number of couples receiving HIV counseling and testing during previously defined recruitment periods: July 2005–April 2006 (Ndola and Kitwe, Zambia) and December 2006–April 2007 (all other Partners HSV-2 Study sites).</p>@<p>-NHRI calculated from PEPFAR data (http//<a href="http://www.pepfar.gov/" target="_blank">www.pepfar.gov/</a>) as: (“# individuals receiving counseling and testing in settings other than PMTCT in FY2006”+“# HIV-1 infected individuals receiving palliative care/basic health care and support in FY2006 (including HIV-1/TB)”)/“Adults and children (age 0–49) living with HIV-1 at the end of 2005”.</p