Development and histogenesis of human foetal lung in relation with gestational age

Background:The objective was to study the development and histogenesis of human foetal lung in relation with different gestational age.Methods:In the present study lung specimens were collected from formalin fixed 27 aborted foetuses (14 male, 13 female) by abdominal dissection between 6 weeks to 40 weeks of gestational age.Results:In the present study we observed that there was a delay in the appearance of embryonic, pseudo glandular phase, canalicular, terminal saccular and alveolar stages of the lung.Conclusion:Delay in the developmental anatomy and histogenesis of the lung cells leads to histopathological abnormalities which gives knowledge to the clinicians during clinical procedures

ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF ECLIPTA ALBA IN HIGH FAT DIET-INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIC ALBINO RATS

Objective: The objective is to study the antihyperlipidemic activity of Eclipta alba in hyperlipidemic albino rats and the use of herbal plants and their parts such as seeds, berries, leaves, roots, barks, or flowers for the development of drugs for therapeutic purposes which have an effective role in recent years. Methods: A total of 30 adult albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 165–215 g were utilized. Animals were treated with high fat diet for 8 weeks followed by post-treatment of E. alba for 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks, respectively. After 12 h of fasting on the last day of experiment, serum blood samples were collected in EDTA vials and processed for biochemical analysis. Results: A significant decrease in levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides was noted on animals treated with E. alba compared to high fat diet animals. Treatment of hypercholesterolemic rats with E. alba showed a marked decrease of serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very LDL-cholesterol concentrations compared to the hypercholesterolemic rats. High fat diet feeding worsened the levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes, whereas the same markers were significantly improved by supplementation with E. alba compared to normal group. Conclusion: E. alba acts as antihyperlipidemic agent in hyperlipidemic conditions and helps for better health

Visual metaphors on anaesthesia monitors do not improve anaesthetists' performance in the operating theatre

<p>Background. Previous research using a metaphorical anaesthesia monitor, where dimensions of rectangles proportionally represent 30 patient variable values, showed improved performance in diagnosing adverse events compared with the standard monitor. Steady-state values were represented by a frame around each rectangle. We developed a similar metaphorical anaesthesia interface, but instead of presenting four relatively simple complications, we presented 10 complications of various levels of difficulty. Our simplified monitor presented variables that anaesthetists and trainees suggested as being essential for diagnosis.</p><p>Methods. Thirty-two anaesthetists and anaesthesia trainees participated in the monitoring task. Three types of monitors were presented: standard monitor, metaphorical monitor, and metaphorical monitor with trend arrows emphasizing the direction of change. The subjects were presented with screenshots of the three monitor types displaying anaesthesia-related complications. They were asked to indicate treatment method and diagnosis for the displayed complication.</p><p>Results. No significant differences were found in time to diagnosis and accuracy between the metaphorical and standard monitor. There were also no differences between trend and no-trend monitors. Forty per cent of the complications were identified incorrectly.</p><p>Conclusions. Visual metaphors on anaesthesia monitors do not improve anaesthetists' performance in the operating theatre. Since all complications in this study were identifiable based on monitor values alone, it seems feasible to develop a decision support system (DSS) based on these values. We suggest that a DSS could support the anaesthetist by calling attention to diagnoses that may not be considered.</p>