Positive Regulation of Rhizophora mucronata Poir Extracts on Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile in Diabetic Rats

Background: About, five percent of the population in the world has been clinically determined to have diabetes mellitus and considered as one of the principal reasons for death. The present research designed to assess the impact of Rhizophora mucronata leaves ethanolic extract (EtOH-Et) and its dichloromethane (DCM) and aqueous (Aq) fractions in diabetic rats. Methods: Extract and fractions of R. mucronata were determined qualitative and quantitative methods. Different dose (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of body weight) of extract and fractions were administered intraperitoneally (I.P.) to the normal glycemic rats and their hypoglycemic effect determined for 24 h. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was induced by single injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/ kg; I.P.), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced by STZ (60 mg/kg; I.P.), after 15 min nicotinamide (120 mg/kg; I.P.). The optimum dose of 100 mg/kg body weight of extract and fractions was administrated to the rats orally for 14 days. The blood glucose level estimated on 0th, 7th, and 14th day. The level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein cholesterol were also evaluated on the 14th day. Results: The phytochemical results indicated alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids present in the concentrates of R. mucronata. The content of alkaloids in DCM-F was present in high amount compared with ethanolic extract and an aqueous fraction. All the extract exhibited as non-toxic nature. DCM-F treated rats significantly reduced in blood glucose level (P<0.01), serum cholesterol (P<0.05) and triglycerides (P<0.05) levels whereas HDL-C level was found to be increased (P<0.05) as compared with the diabetic control of T1DM and T2DM. Conclusion: DCM-F of R. mucronata act as effective anti-hyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidemic agent in insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent diabetic rats

Antidiabetic effect of a black mangrove species Aegiceras corniculatum in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Earlier ethnopharmacological records divulged the traditional usages of mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum (Linn.) Blanco distributed in coastal and estuarine areas of Southeast India. Excluding scientific knowledge of A. corniculatum against diabetes an upgrowing endocrinal disorder, our present study evaluated the effect on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in adult rats of the Wistar strain by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate. The experimental rats were administered with leaf suspension of A. corniculatum post orally using an intragastric tube. On completion of the 60-day treatment, a range of biochemical parameters were tested including liver hexokinase, glucose-6phosphatase and fructose 1, 6 bisphosphatase in the liver of control and allaxon-diabetic rats. As a result, A. corniculatum leaf suspension showed moderate reduction in blood glucose (from 382 ± 34 to 105 ± 35), glycosylated hemoglobin, a decrease in the activities of glucose-6 phosphatase and fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase, and an increase activity of liver hexokinase achieved through the oral administration of extract on 100 mg/kg. The present findings support promising results in terms of antidiabetic activities establishing its candidacy for further purification of individual compound in order to understand their mechanism of action

2011. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using derived callus extract of bitter apple (Citrullus colocynthis

Citrullus colocynthis belong to the family of cucurbitaceae are purgative and used for the treating mamilities, jaundice and urinary disease Plant mediated synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is an increasing commercial demand due to the wide applicability in various areas such as electronics, catalysis, chemistry, energy, cosmetics and medicine. In the present investigation, synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using stem derived callus extracts of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrader. The extract incubated with AgNO 3 showed gradual change in the colour of the extract from greenish to reddish brown it indicate the silver nanopaticles synthesis. The shape of the SNP synthesized by stem derived callus extract was spherical and was found to be in the range of 75 nm by AFM. FTIR absorption spectra conclude that the compounds attached with silver nanoparticles could be polyphenols with aromatic ring and bound amide region. The novel silver nanoparticles exhibited a tremendous antibacterial activity; it showed the maximum activity against bioflim bacteria such as E.coli (10.1 mm), V. paraheamolyticus (10.1 mm), P. aeruginosa (8 mm), Proteus vulgaris (9 mm) and L. monocytogens (8 mm) and also observed that it showed no activity against Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella enteritidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles against bioflim forming bacteria