2 research outputs found

    The Individual Inclination to an Occupation and its Neuronal Correlate

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    Many young people decide their professional direction during adolescence. This often coincides with vulnerable phases of puberty-related maturation that is usually accompanied by difficulties in assessing one’s personal inclinations and competences. Several psychological tests have been established among teachers and career advisers serving as a tool for professional coaching the teenagers’ competences and preferences. Many tools are based on the “Theory of Vocational Personalities in Work Environment” developed by John L. Holland since the 1950s, comprising the “RIASEC” model. Today, this theory provides the basis for tests which are used and refined all over the world. Professor Stangl’s online assessable “Situational Interest Test” (SIT) is based on Holland’s theory. By means of 30 short assessments the SIT questionnaire assesses the participant’s personality traits: Realistic (“Doers”), Investigative (“Thinkers”), Artistic (“Creators”), Social (“Helpers”), Enterprising (“Persuaders”), and Conventional (“Organizers”). Modern Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is able to discriminate between the brain’s compartments as Gray and White Matter using Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM). This tool allows to reshape and to normalize human brains’ structure to statistically examining individual brains. Up to now findings from 20 years of functional MRI gave detailed insights in correlations between brain structures and mental functions. Hence, knowledge on structural base of cognitive or behavioral patterns is available as a brain’s map for assigning anatomical regions to their functions. The present study demonstrates that there are statistically relevant correlations between all dimensions of Holland’s RIASEC theory by assessing individual professional inclinations and the neuronal structures of the brain. Results show correspondence between the personality traits assigned by the RIASEC test and the functions of significant structural alterations in distinct brain areas well-known from literature

    Die individuelle Neigung zu einem Berufsfeld und deren neuronales Korrelat

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    Jeder Mensch steht in seinem Leben vor der Entscheidung, in welche Richtung die Weichen fĂŒr die berufliche Zukunft gestellt werden sollen. Diese Situation liegt hĂ€ufig in der Phase der PubertĂ€t, in der Jugendliche ohnehin große Schwierigkeiten haben, sich selbst mit den persönlichen Neigungen und Kompetenzen einzuschĂ€tzen. Als Hilfsmittel zur Orientierung und zur professionellen Beratung durch LehrkrĂ€fte und Berufsberater haben sich seit mehreren Jahrzehnten psychologische Tests als Instrumente zur EinschĂ€tzung der Kompetenzen und Vorlieben etabliert. Viele basieren auf der von John L. Holland seit den 50er Jahren entwickelten „Theory of Vocational Personalities in Work Environment” mit seinem RIASEC-Modell. Auf dieser Theorie basierende Tests sind mittlerweile weltweit verbreitet und werden bis heute kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt. Auch der online verfĂŒgbare Situative Interessentest (SIT) von Professor Stangl basiert auf Hollands Theorie. Dem Nutzer teilt er nach 30 kurzen EinschĂ€tzungen mit, welches Persönlichkeitsprofil auf ihn zutrifft: Realistic (handwerklich-technisch), Investigative (untersuchend-forschend), Artistic (kĂŒnstlerisch-kreativ), Social (erziehend-pflegend), Enterprising (fĂŒhrend-verkaufend) oder Conventional (ordnend-verwaltend). Mit den heute zur VerfĂŒgung stehenden bildgebenden Verfahren der Magnetresonanztomographie und den Möglichkeiten der Voxelbasierten Morphometrie (VBM) lassen sich trotz individueller Form und GrĂ¶ĂŸe der untersuchten Gehirne statistische Analysen der Verteilung von Grauer und Weißer Hirnsubstanz durchfĂŒhren. Auch die Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich der Funktionen einzelner Hirnareale haben in den vergangenen 20 Jahren rasante Fortschritte erzielt, sodass ZusammenhĂ€nge zwischen den statistischen Treffern in der Grauen und Weißen Substanz und den mentalen Funktionen der Areale hergestellt werden können. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit ergeben sich Hinweise, dass es statistisch signifikante ZusammenhĂ€nge zwischen allen Dimensionen der RIASEC-Theorie Hollands und den neuronalen Strukturen des Gehirns gibt. Es zeigt sich darĂŒber hinaus eine hohe Wahrscheinlichkeit dafĂŒr, dass die durch den Test zugewiesenen Eigenschaften der Persönlichkeit (RIASEC) mit den aus der Literatur bekannten Funktionen der signifikanten Cluster korrelieren. Die korrespondierenden Ergebnisse der Arbeit wurden im Verlag „Frontiers in Education“ publiziert (DOI:10.3389/ feduc.2021.633962).Many young people decide their professional direction during adolescence. This often coincides with vulnerable phases of puberty-related maturation that is usually accompanied by difficulties in assessing one’s personal inclinations and competences. Several psychological tests have been established among teachers and career advisers serving as a tool for professional coaching the teenagers’ competences and preferences. Many tools are based on the “Theory of Vocational Per-sonalities in Work Environment” developed by John L. Holland since the 1950s, comprising the ‘RI-ASEC’ model. Today, this theory provides the basis for tests which are used and refined all over the world. Professor Stangl's online assessable “Situational Interest Test” (SIT) is based on Holland's theo-ry. By means of 30 short assessments the SIT questionnaire assesses the participant’s personality traits: Realistic (‘Doers’), Investigative (‘Thinkers’), Artistic (‘Creators’), Social (‘Helpers’), Enterpris-ing (‘Persuaders’), and Conventional (‘Organizers’). Modern Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is able to discriminate between the brain’s com-partments as Gray and White Matter using Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM). This tool allows to reshape and to normalize human brains’ structure to statistically examining individual brains. Up to now findings from 20 years of functional MRI gave detailed insights in correlations between brain structures and mental functions. Hence, knowledge on structural base of cognitive or behavioral patterns is available as a brain’s map for assigning anatomical regions to their functions. With the present work, evidence emerges that there are statistically significant relationships be-tween all dimensions of Holland's RIASEC theory and the neural structures of the brain.. Results show correspondence between the personality traits assigned by the RIASEC test and the functions of significant structural alterations in distinct brain areas well-known from literature. The correspond-ing results of this work were published by “Frontiers in Education” (DOI: 10.3389/feduc.2021.63 3962)
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