Effects of saline stress on growth and crop yield of different maize (Zea mays) genotypes

Досліджено вплив сольового стресу (NaCl) на врожайність і вегетативні показники 8 сортів кукурудзи. Сорти K3615/1, S.C704, B73, S.C302, Waxy, K3546/6, K3653/2 та Zaqatala вирощували на двох ділянках району Астара із нормальним і засоленим ґрунтом. Засолення зменшує показники росту рослин, довжину та діаметр початку, кількість листків, діаметр стебла, кількість рядів у початку, кількість зернин у ряду та суху масу рослин усіх сортів. Найбільша довжина початку спостерігалась у сортів Zaqatala, B73 та S.C704, а найменша – у K3653/2. Засолення зменшує врожайність усіх сортів. Визначено кореляцію між вивченими показниками.Исследовано влияние солевого стресса (NaCl) на урожайность и вегетативные показатели 8 сортов кукурузы. Сорта K3615/1, S.C704, B73, S.C302, Waxy, K3546/6, K3653/2 и Zaqatala выращивали на двух участках района Астара с нормальной и засоленной почвой. Засоление уменьшает показатели роста растений, длины и диаметра початка, количества листьев, диаметра стебля, количества рядов в початке, количества зерен в ряду и сухой массы растений у всех сортов. Наибольшая длина початка наблюдалась у сортов Zaqatala, B73 и S.C704, а наименьшая – у K3653/2. Засоление уменьшает урожайность всех сортов. Определена корреляция между изученными показателями. Effects of saline stress (NaCl) on yield and vegetative characteristics of eight maize cultivars were studied. The cultivars K3615/1, S.C704, B73, S.C302, Waxy, K3546/6, K3653/2, and Zaqatala were cultivated in two plots of the Astara region: one was with normal soil and the other – with salty one. Salinization reduced the plant height, ear length, ear diameter, number of plant leaves, stem diameter, number of rows in an ear, number of grains in a row, and dry plant mass in all cultivars. Maximal ear length was observed in Zaqatala, B73, and S.C704, and the least one was detected in K3653/2. Salinization decreased crop yield of all the cultivars. Certain correlations between studied parameters were found

Phytoecological indicators for biological recultivation of soils polluted with oil in the Absheron peninsula

Досліджено фітоекологічні індикатори забруднених ґрунтів на території Нафтогазовидобувного управління ім. Амірова (Гарадазький район, Баку). Проведені фітоценологічний і біоморфологічний аналізи флори з метою подальшої біологічної рекультивації Апшеронського півострова. Показано, що забруднення нафтопродуктами (мазут, шахтні води тощо) призводить до знищення рослинного покриву. Очищення ґрунтів та відновлення їх мікрофлори підвищують родючисть ґрунтів. Дикорослі та культурні рослини-індикатори можуть використовуватися для біологічного очищення забруднених нафтопродуктами ґрунтів. Штучний висів деяких кормових культур після технічної рекультивації дозволяє сформувати відносно очищені території з вищою продуктивністю. Изучены фитоэкологические индикаторы загрязненных почв на территории Нефтегазодобывающего управления им. Амирова (Гарадагский район, Баку). Проведен фитоценологический и биоморфологический анализ флоры с целью дальнейшей биологической рекультивации Апшеронского полуострова. Показано, что загрязнение нефтепродуктами (мазут, шахтные воды и др.) приводит к уничтожению растительного покрова. Очистка почв и восстановление их микрофлоры повышают почвенное плодородие. Дикорастущие и культурные растения-индикаторы могут использоваться для биологической очистки почв загрязненных нефтепродуктами. Искусственный высев некоторых кормовых культур после технической рекультивации позволяет сформировать относительно очищенные территории с более высокой продуктивностью.Phytoecological indicators of polluted soils of Amirov Oil-and-Gas Production Department (Garadag district,Baku) were studied. Phytocenological and biomorphological analysis of flora was done with the aim of further biological rehabilitation of Absheron peninsula. Oil products (black oil, boring waters, etc.) pollution turns the plant cover into a dead mass. Decontamination of soil and rehabilitation of microbial community improve the soil’s fertility. Wild and cultured plant indicators may be used in biopurification of the soils polluted with oil products. Sowing of the fodder crops followed by the technical remediation forms the clean areas of higher productivity

Anthropological methods of formation of university students’ spiritual and moral culture

© 2016 Kurbanov et al.The relevance of the study is reasoned by the increasing complexity of life activity in modern society, which results in distortion of the moral and value criteria and norms. The purpose of the article is to reveal anthropological methods of formation of university students’ spiritual and moral culture. The leading approach to the study is the anthropological approach allowing us to consider the spiritual and moral culture as an evolving set of moral and valuable position and special knowledge. The study involves 300 teachers, 500 students who have identified performance criteria of methods of formation of spiritual and moral culture. The main results of the study are to identify knowledge, motivation, activity-related methods of formation of spiritual and moral culture to ensure the inclusion in the content of education of teaching material about value relations, mandatory forms of culture; conjugation of ethical and professional standards of behavior on the basis of a single criterion of “ethical - unethical” development of students’ capacity for moral target setting. The significance of these results is that the identified methods involve the willingness of teachers to dialogue, respect and understanding of students, building a living knowledge in the course of joint creative activities directed to sense and life creation; determine the development of civil harmony on the spiritual and moral values

РАЗРАБОТКА ВЫСОКОВОЛЬТНЫХ ИМПУЛЬСНЫХ УСТАНОВОК И ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ МЕР БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРИ ИХ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ

The article presents design engineering methods for the high-voltage pulse installations of technological purpose for disinfection of drinking water, sewage, and edible liquids by high field micro- and nanosecond pulsing exposure. Designing potentialities are considered of the principal elements of the high-voltage part and the discharge circuit of the installations towards assuring the best efficient on-load utilization of the source energy and safe operation of the high-voltage equipment. The study shows that for disinfection of drinking water and sewage it is expedient to apply microsecond pulse actions causing the electrohydraulic effect in aqueous media with associated complex of physical processes (ultraviolet emission, generation of ozone and atomic oxygen, mechanical compression waves, etc.) having detrimental effect on life activity of the microorganisms. In case of disinfecting edible liquids it is recommended to use the nanosecond pulses capable of straight permeating the biological cell nucleus, inactivating it. Meanwhile, the nutritive and biological values of the foodstuffs are saved and their organoleptic properties are improved. It is noted that in elaboration process of high-frequency pulse installations special consideration should be given to issues of the operating personnel safety discipline and securing conditions for the entire installation uninterrupted performance. With this objective in view the necessary requirements should be fulfilled on shielding the high- and low-voltage installation parts against high-frequency electromagnetic emissions registered by special differential sensors. Simultaneously, the abatement measures should be applied on the high-voltage equipment operational noise level. The authors offer a technique for noise abatement to admissible levels (lower than 80 dB A) by means of coating the inside surface with shielded enclosure of densely-packed abutting sheets of porous electro-acoustic insulating material.  В статье представлены методы разработки высоковольтных импульсных установок технологического назначения по обеззараживанию питьевой и сточных вод, текучих пищевых продуктов при воздействии сильных импульсных электрических полей микро- и наносекундной длительности. Рассмотрены возможности проектирования основных элементов высоковольтной части и разрядной цепи установок с целью обеспечения наиболее эффективного приложения энергии источника на нагрузке и безопасной эксплуатации высоковольтного оборудования. Показано, что при обеззараживании питьевой и сточных вод целесообразно применение микросекундных импульсных воздействий, вызывающих в водной среде электрогидравлический эффект и сопутствующий ему комплекс физических процессов (ультрафиолетовое излучение, генерация озона и атомарного кислорода, механические волны сжатия и т. д.), губительно влияющих на жизнедеятельность микроорганизмов. В случае обеззараживания текучих пищевых продуктов рекомендовано применение наносекундных импульсных воздействий, непосредственно проникающих в ядро биологической клетки и инактивирующих ее. При этом сохраняются пищевая и биологическая ценность продуктов и улучшаются их органолептические свойства. Отмечено, что при разработке высокочастотных импульсных установок особое внимание должно уделяться вопросам соблюдения техники безопасности обслуживающим персоналом и обеспечения условий бесперебойной работы всей установки. С этой целью следует выполнять необходимые требования по экранированию высоко- и низковольтной частей установки от высокочастотных электромагнитных излучений, которые регистрируются специальными дифференциальными датчиками. Одновременно должны быть приняты меры по снижению уровня шумов при работе высоковольтного оборудования. Предложен метод для их снижения до допустимых пределов (менее 80 дБА) посредством покрытия внутренней поверхности экранирующего кожуха плотно стыкующимися между собой листами пористого электрозвукоизоляционного материала

Spodium bonding and other non-covalent interactions assisted supramolecular aggregation in a new mercury(II) complex of a nicotinohydrazide derivative

In this work we report a new Hg(II) coordination compound [Hg(HL)(SCN)2], which was readily obtained from a mixture of Hg(SCN)2 and N'-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)nicotinohydrazide (HL). The metal cation is chelated by the organic ligand in a N,N',O tridentate manner through the 2-Py and amide nitrogen donors, and carbonyl oxygen atom. The coordination sphere is filled by the sulfur donors of two thiocyanate anions, thus yielding a pentacoordinated geometry, which is best described as being about 64% along the pathway of distortion from the ideal square pyramidal toward trigonal bipyramidal structure. In addition, the metal center forms two types of the Hg⋯N spodium bonds, which are formed with the 3-Py nitrogen atom of a symmetry related molecule and with the nitrogen atom of one thiocyanate ligand of another molecular unit. These Hg⋯N spodium bonds enlarge the coordination environment of the metal cation in between a capped trigonal prism close to pentagonal bipyramid. In addition a 1D zig-zag-like polymeric chain is formed, which is further reinforced by bilateral C–H⋯O hydrogen bonds. These chains are interlinked through N–H⋯N hydrogen bonds and additionally glued by π⋯π interactions between the 2-Py rings. Thus, considering all the Hg⋯N spodium and N–H⋯N hydrogen bonds, a supramolecular 2D layer is formed with a binodal 3,4-connected hcb topology. The 2D layers are interlinked through a myriad of π⋯π interactions. According to the Hirshfeld surface analysis, the crystal packing of [Hg(HL)(SCN)2] is mainly characterized by intermolecular H⋯H, H⋯C, H⋯N and H⋯S contacts comprised from 15.9 to 22.3%, followed by less significant H⋯O, C⋯C, C⋯N, N⋯S and Hg⋯N contacts comprised from 2.8 to 6.3%. The intermolecular H⋯C, H⋯N, H⋯O, H⋯S and C⋯C contacts are highly favoured in the molecular surface of [Hg(HL)(SCN)2], while the N⋯S contacts are less favoured, and remaining contacts are significantly impoverished. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the PBE0/def2-TZVP level of theory have been used to evaluate and characterize the Hg⋯N spodium bonds, including molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and noncovalent interaction plot (NCIPlot) computational tools. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.This work has been partially supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia ( FCT ) 2020–2023 multiannual funding to Centro de Quimica Estrutural (project UIDB/00100/2020). AVG acknowledges the FCT and Instituto Superior Técnico (DL 57/2016 and L 57/2017 Program, Contract no: IST-ID/110/2018). This research was partially funded by MICIU/AEI, grant number CTQ2017-85821-R, FEDER funds

A new coordination polymer constructed from Pb(NO3)2 and a benzylideneisonicotinohydrazide derivative: Coordination-induced generation of a π-hole towards a tetrel-bonding stabilized structure

We report on a new Pb(II) coordination polymer [Pb(HL)(NO3)2]n (1), obtained from a direct reaction of Pb(NO3)2 with N'-4-(dimethylamino)benzylideneisonicotinohydrazide (HL). The coordination sphere around the Pb(II) cation is built by the 1,4-N,O-chelating neutral HL, by six oxygen atoms from three chelating nitrate anions, and by the pyridyl nitrogen donor from a symmetry related molecule. The ligand HL and one of the nitrate anions, acting as bridging species, yield two 1D zig-zag polymeric chains along the crystallographic axes b and c, respectively. As a result, the overall structural architecture of 1 is a 2D layer, which is reinforced by the N–H···O hydrogen bonds and by π···π interactions, resulting in a 4-connected uninodal sql/Shubnikov tetragonal plane net topology or a 3,5-connected binodal 3,5L1 net, once the N–H···O hydrogen bonds are considered. In addition of these conventional interactions, the coordination of the hydrazide group to the Pb(II) ion provokes the formation of a π-hole at the carbonyl group that establishes a tetrel bond with the oxygen atom of a nearby nitrato-ligand belonging to another polymeric chain. This interaction has been studied energetically at the PBE0-D3/def2-TZVP level of theory and also characterized by using a combination of MEP, QTAIM and NCIplot computational tools. © 2021Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT: UIDB/00100/2020; Instituto Superior Técnico, IST: IST-ID/110/2018; European Regional Development Fund, FEDER; Agencia Estatal de Investigación, AEI: CTQ2017–85821-RThis work has been partially supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia ( FCT ) 2020–2023 multiannual funding to Centro de Quimica Estrutural (project UIDB/00100/2020 ). A.V. Gurbanov acknowledges the FCT and Instituto Superior Técnico ( DL 57/2016 and L 57/2017 Program, Contract no: IST-ID/110/2018 ). We acknowledge Australian Synchrotron for beamtime via the Collaborative Access Program (proposal 13618b ). This research was funded in part by MICIU / AEI , grant number CTQ2017–85821-R , FEDER funds

Structure of heart rhythm and conductivity disorders and serum electrolytes level in hospitalized patients

The purpose of the study is to assess the structure of rhythm and conduction disorders of the heart and the electrolyte composition of the blood in hospitalized patients.Цель исследования – оценка структуры нарушений ритма и проводимости сердца и электролитного состава крови у госпитализированных пациентов

Evaluating the quality of social work supervision in UK children's services: comparing self-report and independent observations

Understanding how different forms of supervision support good social work practice and improve outcomes for people who use services is nearly impossible without reliable and valid evaluative measures. Yet the question of how best to evaluate the quality of supervision in different contexts is a complicated and as-yet-unsolved challenge. In this study, we observed 12 social work supervisors in a simulated supervision session offering support and guidance to an actor playing the part of an inexperienced social worker facing a casework-related crisis. A team of researchers analyzed these sessions using a customized skills-based coding framework. In addition, 19 social workers completed a questionnaire about their supervision experiences as provided by the same 12 supervisors. According to the coding framework, the supervisors demonstrated relatively modest skill levels, and we found low correlations among different skills. In contrast, according to the questionnaire data, supervisors had relatively high skill levels, and we found high correlations among different skills. The findings imply that although self-report remains the simplest way to evaluate supervision quality, other approaches are possible and may provide a different perspective. However, developing a reliable independent measure of supervision quality remains a noteworthy challenge

Multi-band analyses of the bright GRB~230812B and the associated SN2023pel

GRB~230812B is a bright and relatively nearby ($z =0.36$) long gamma-ray burst that has generated significant interest in the community and therefore has been subsequently observed over the entire electromagnetic spectrum. We report over 80 observations in X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, and sub-millimeter bands from the GRANDMA (Global Rapid Advanced Network for Multi-messenger Addicts) network of observatories and from observational partners. Adding complementary data from the literature, we then derive essential physical parameters associated with the ejecta and external properties (i.e. the geometry and environment) and compare with other analyses of this event (e.g. Srinivasaragavan et al. 2023). We spectroscopically confirm the presence of an associated supernova, SN2023pel, and we derive a photospheric expansion velocity of v $\sim$ 17$\times10^3$ km $s^{-1}$. We analyze the photometric data first using empirical fits of the flux and then with full Bayesian Inference. We again strongly establish the presence of a supernova in the data, with an absolute peak r-band magnitude $M_r = - 19.41 \pm 0.10$. We find a flux-stretching factor or relative brightness $k_{\rm SN}=1.04 \pm 0.09$ and a time-stretching factor $s_{\rm SN}=0.68 \pm 0.05$, both compared to SN1998bw. Therefore, GRB 230812B appears to have a clear long GRB-supernova association, as expected in the standard collapsar model. However, as sometimes found in the afterglow modelling of such long GRBs, our best fit model favours a very low density environment ($\log_{10}({n_{\rm ISM}/{\rm cm}^{-3}}) = -2.16^{+1.21}_{-1.30}$). We also find small values for the jet's core angle $\theta_{\rm core}={1.70^{+1.00}_{-0.71}} \ \rm{deg}$ and viewing angle. GRB 230812B/SN2023pel is one of the best characterized afterglows with a distinctive supernova bump