37,345 research outputs found
Phases and properties of quark matter
I review recent developments in finite temperature lattice QCD which are
useful for the study of heavy-ion collisions. I pay particular attention to
studies of the equation of state and the light they throw on conformal symmetry
and the large N_c limit, and to the structure of the phase diagram for N_f=2+1.Comment: Plenary talk at Quark Matter 2008, Jaipur, India (8 pages, 5 figures
The Effect of Ru substitution for Ni on the superconductivity in MgCNi3-xRux
The superconductor MgCNi3 has been chemically doped by partial substitution
of Ru for Ni in the solid solution MgCNi3-xRux for 0<x<0.5. Magnetic and
specific heat measurements show that the Sommerfeld parameter (gamma_exp) and
TC decrease immediately on Ru substitution, but that a TC above 2K is
maintained even for a relatively large decrease in gamma_exp. Ferromagnetism is
not observed to develop through Ru substitution, and the normal state magnetic
susceptibility is suppressed.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figure
Quantum Degenerate Mixture of Ytterbium and Lithium Atoms
We have produced a quantum degenerate mixture of fermionic alkali 6Li and
bosonic spin-singlet 174Yb gases. This was achieved using sympathetic cooling
of lithium atoms by evaporatively cooled ytterbium atoms in a far-off-resonant
optical dipole trap. We observe co-existence of Bose condensed (T/T_c~0.8)
174Yb with 2.3*10^4 atoms and Fermi degenerate (T/T_F~0.3) 6Li with 1.2*10^4
atoms. Quasipure Bose-Einstein condensates of up to 3*10^4 174Yb atoms can be
produced in single-species experiments. Our results mark a significant step
toward studies of few and many-body physics with mixtures of alkali and
alkaline-earth-like atoms, and for the production of paramagnetic polar
molecules in the quantum regime. Our methods also establish a convenient scheme
for producing quantum degenerate ytterbium atoms in a 1064nm optical dipole
trap.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Semileptonic decays, magnetic moments and spin distributions of spin-1/2 baryons with sea contribution
Spin-1/2 baryons are considered as a composite system made out of a "core" of
three quarks surrounded by a "sea" (of gluons and -pairs) which is
specified by its total quantum numbers. Specifically, we assume this sea to be
a flavor octet with spin-0 or 1 but no color. We show our model can provide
very goods fits to magnetic moments and semileptonic decay data using
experimental errors. The predictions for spin distributions are in reasonable
agreement with experiment.Comment: To be published in Int. J. of Mod. Phys.
Review article: the global emergence of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance.
BackgroundHelicobacter pylori is one of the most prevalent global pathogens and can lead to gastrointestinal disease including peptic ulcers, gastric marginal zone lymphoma and gastric carcinoma.AimTo review recent trends in H. pylori antibiotic resistance rates, and to discuss diagnostics and treatment paradigms.MethodsA PubMed literature search using the following keywords: Helicobacter pylori, antibiotic resistance, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, prevalence, susceptibility testing.ResultsThe prevalence of bacterial antibiotic resistance is regionally variable and appears to be markedly increasing with time in many countries. Concordantly, the antimicrobial eradication rate of H. pylori has been declining globally. In particular, clarithromycin resistance has been rapidly increasing in many countries over the past decade, with rates as high as approximately 30% in Japan and Italy, 50% in China and 40% in Turkey; whereas resistance rates are much lower in Sweden and Taiwan, at approximately 15%; there are limited data in the USA. Other antibiotics show similar trends, although less pronounced.ConclusionsSince the choice of empiric therapies should be predicated on accurate information regarding antibiotic resistance rates, there is a critical need for determination of current rates at a local scale, and perhaps in individual patients. Such information would not only guide selection of appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy but also inform the development of better methods to identify H. pylori antibiotic resistance at diagnosis. Patient-specific tailoring of effective antibiotic treatment strategies may lead to reduced treatment failures and less antibiotic resistance
Sympathetic cooling in an optically trapped mixture of alkali and spin-singlet atoms
We report on the realization of a stable mixture of ultracold lithium and
ytterbium atoms confined in a far-off-resonance optical dipole trap. We observe
sympathetic cooling of 6Li by 174Yb and extract the s-wave scattering length
magnitude |a6Li-174Yb| = (13 \pm 3)a0 from the rate of inter-species
thermalization. Using forced evaporative cooling of 174Yb, we achieve reduction
of the 6Li temperature to below the Fermi temperature, purely through
inter-species sympathetic cooling.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Signature of strong atom-cavity interaction on critical coupling
We study a critically coupled cavity doped with resonant atoms with
metamaterial slabs as mirrors. We show how resonant atom-cavity interaction can
lead to a splitting of the critical coupling dip. The results are explained in
terms of the frequency and lifetime splitting of the coupled system.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
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