28 research outputs found
SPARCNN: SPAtially Related Convolutional Neural Networks
The ability to accurately detect and classify objects at varying pixel sizes
in cluttered scenes is crucial to many Navy applications. However, detection
performance of existing state-of the-art approaches such as convolutional
neural networks (CNNs) degrade and suffer when applied to such cluttered and
multi-object detection tasks. We conjecture that spatial relationships between
objects in an image could be exploited to significantly improve detection
accuracy, an approach that had not yet been considered by any existing
techniques (to the best of our knowledge) at the time the research was
conducted. We introduce a detection and classification technique called
Spatially Related Detection with Convolutional Neural Networks (SPARCNN) that
learns and exploits a probabilistic representation of inter-object spatial
configurations within images from training sets for more effective region
proposals to use with state-of-the-art CNNs. Our empirical evaluation of
SPARCNN on the VOC 2007 dataset shows that it increases classification accuracy
by 8% when compared to a region proposal technique that does not exploit
spatial relations. More importantly, we obtained a higher performance boost of
18.8% when task difficulty in the test set is increased by including highly
obscured objects and increased image clutter.Comment: 6 pages, AIPR 2016 submissio
Meta-Prediction for Collective Classification
When data instances are inter-related, as are nodes in a social network or hyperlink graph, algorithms for collective classification (CC) can significantly improve accuracy. Recently, an algorithm for CC named Cautious ICA (ICAC) was shown to improve accuracy compared to the popular ICA algorithm. ICAC improves performance by initially favoring its more confident predictions during collective inference. In this paper, we introduce ICAMC, a new algorithm that outperforms ICAC when the attributes that describe each node are not highly predictive. ICAMC learns a meta-classifier that identifies which node label predictions are most likely to be correct. We show that this approach significantly increases accuracy on a range of real and synthetic data sets. We also describe new features for the meta-classifier and demonstrate that a simple search can identify an effective feature set that increases accuracy
Bridging the lesson distribution gap
Paper presented at The 17th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2001, Seattle, WA: pp. 987-992.Many organizations employ lessons learned (LL)
processes to collect, analyze, store, and distribute,
validated experiential knowledge (lessons) of their
members that, when reused, can substantially improve
organizational decision processes. Unfortunately,
deployed LL systems do not facilitate lesson reuse and
fail to bring lessons to the attention of the users when
and where they are needed and applicable (i.e., they
fail to bridge the lesson distribution gap). Our
approach for solving this problem, named monitored
distribution, tightly integrates lesson distribution with
these decision processes. We describe a case-based
implementation of monitored distribution (ALDS) in a
plan authoring tool suite (HICAP). We evaluate its
utility in a simulated military planning domain. Our
results show that monitored distribution can
significantly improve plan evaluation measures for this
domain
Bridging the lesson distribution gap
Paper presented at The 17th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2001, Seattle, WA: pp. 987-992.Many organizations employ lessons learned (LL)
processes to collect, analyze, store, and distribute,
validated experiential knowledge (lessons) of their
members that, when reused, can substantially improve
organizational decision processes. Unfortunately,
deployed LL systems do not facilitate lesson reuse and
fail to bring lessons to the attention of the users when
and where they are needed and applicable (i.e., they
fail to bridge the lesson distribution gap). Our
approach for solving this problem, named monitored
distribution, tightly integrates lesson distribution with
these decision processes. We describe a case-based
implementation of monitored distribution (ALDS) in a
plan authoring tool suite (HICAP). We evaluate its
utility in a simulated military planning domain. Our
results show that monitored distribution can
significantly improve plan evaluation measures for this
domain
Taxonomic conversational case-based reasoning
Abstract. Conversational Case-Based Reasoning (CCBR) systems engage a user in a series of questions and answers to retrieve cases that solve his/her current problem. Help-desk and interactive troubleshooting systems are among the most popular implementations of the CCBR methodology. As in traditional CBR systems, features in a CCBR system can be expressed at varying levels of abstraction. In this paper, we identify the sources of abstraction and argue that they are uncontrollable in applications typically targeted by CCBR systems. We contend that ignoring abstraction in CCBR can cause representational inconsistencies, adversely affect retrieval and conversation performance, and lead to case indexing and maintenance problems. We propose an integrated methodology called Taxonomic CCBR that uses feature taxonomies for handling abstraction to correct these problems. We describe the benefits and limitations of our approach and examine issues for future research.